Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver: Experience of 92 cases

Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) is a combination of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). To evaluate the feasibility of 3D-CEUS in liver imaging, investigate possible influencing factors to its image quality, and evaluate the influence of 3D-CEUS to clinical outcome, low acoustic power (mechanical index, 0.08-0.13) 3D-CEUS was carried out in 102 focal liver lesions in 92 patients by using the LOGIQ 9 ultrasound scanner and a volume transducer (frequency range, 2-5 MHz; focusing ability, 2-25 cm in depth; azimuth aperture 5.9 cm). The lesions were classified into two groups: group 1 (n = 51) for characterization and group 2 (n = 51) for local treatment response evaluation. The factors that influenced the image quality of 3D-CEUS were analyzed. The image quality and usefulness of 3D-CEUS between the two groups were compared by using the χ²-test. The results showed that the lesion diameter, location, and scanning route had no significant influence on the image quality in both groups, whereas interfering factors damaged the image quality in group 1. In group 1, during arterial phase, high image quality was more frequently found in hyperenhanced and hypo- or non-enhanced lesions compared with isoenhanced lesions. In group 2, interfering factor and local treatment response had no obvious influence on the image quality. The visualization rate of high image quality was 94.1% (48/51) in group 2 vs. 72.6% (37/51) in group 1 (P = 0.012). The investigators found that 3D-CEUS improved confidence but made no change in diagnosis in 19 (37.3%) of 51 lesions in group 1, whereas 41 (80.4%) of 51 lesions in group 2 (P = 0.000). 3D-CEUS tends to obtain better image quality and lead to higher diagnostic confidence in the lesions for local treatment response evaluation, and perhaps is more useful in this aspect in future clinical settings.     

Characterization and purification of fatty acid methyl esters from the liver oil of the deep sea shark (Centrophorus squamosus) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and countercurrent chromatography

Summary In the course of our studies on the location of marine products, we have directed our attention to the saponifiable fraction of the liver oil from the deep sea shark (Centrophorus squamosus). Different analytical and preparative techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), countercurrent chromatography (CCC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [GC-MS, electron impact (EI) and positive-ion chemical ionization (PCI)] were used. These methods allowed us to characterize, after various derivatizations, most of the fatty acids formed after the saponification of the oil, and to purify two of them, namely: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA or 226) and docosamonoenoic acid (DMA or 221).     

悬浮液进样ZAAS测定粉末试样中的Se─—小麦粉、猪肝、甘兰中Se的无标准分析

本文在甘油－硝酸－水介质中，利用悬浮液直接进样进行了小麦粉、猪肝、甘兰中Ｓｅ无标准分析。文中详细地研究了悬浮液介质对测定的影响。找出了甘油：硝酸：水＝１∶０．０５∶４为适宜条件，应用此方法测定了标准物质小麦粉、猪肝和甘兰中Ｓｅ，结果与证书值和荧光法值十分吻合，相对标准偏差（ｎ＝６）最大为７．０％，适合于含Ｓｅ大于０．１μｇ／ｇ的粉末试样中Ｓｅ的测定。     

线粒体热化学研究──Ⅳ．鱼类肝脏线粒体代谢的微量热学研究

线粒体热化学研究──Ⅳ．鱼类肝脏线粒体代谢的微量热学研究谭安民，刘义，谢昌礼，屈松生，顾贫，邓凤姣（武汉大学化学系武汉４３００７２）（武汉大学生命科学院武汉）关键词鱼肝脏，线粒体，微量热学，热化学线粒体在能量代谢的过程中，除一部分能量用于合成ＡＴＰ外...     

吸附型“人工肝”辅助材料的制备及其性能研究Ⅱ.免疫吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能

本文介绍以醋酸乙烯酯为单体,二乙烯苯为交联剂制得大孔共聚物;经皂化、活化后,偶联IgG制得免疫吸附剂。讨论了不同活化剂对偶联配体的影响,观察其对人血清中的HBsAg的吸附性能。     

Different Species of Mercury in the Livers of Tropical Dolphins

Abstract

Four kinds of mercury species (inorganic mercury (Hg_inorg), methylmercury (MeHg), total organic mercury (ΣHg_org), and insoluble mercury, deemed to be mercuric selenide (HgSe), were determined in the livers of dolphins from the Brazilian coast. The MeHg was identified and quantified in the toluene layer on a Gas Chromatograph with an Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). The ΣHg_org was isolated by acid leaching (H₂SO₄-KBr-CuSO₄) and then extracted into CH₂Cl₂. The ΣHg_org and Hg_inorg were determined by Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CV-AAS). The MeHg was the smallest fraction of Hg_tot, with a median of 9%, whereas the highest fraction of the Hg_tot was as HgSe, corresponding to 53%. The fractions of Hg_inorg and ΣHg_org corresponded to 30% and 39%, respectively. The lowest fraction of MeHg and the highest fraction of HgSe in the liver of all animals are related to different capacities or strategies of detoxification of methylmercury in this organ.     

Active Site Titration of Horse Liver Alcohol Dehydro-Genase by Dual Wavelength Specthophotomethy

Abstract

A simple dual wavelength spectrophotometric method for determining the active site concentration of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase is described. The method is rapid, sensitive, accurate and requires minute amounts of enzyme. A comparison between this new application of the dual wavelength technique and the conventional methods, ordinary photometry and spectrofluorometry is furthermore discussed.     

二氯苯染毒对小鼠组织中Zn、Cu、Fe含量的影响

采用亚急性试验,探讨对二氯苯（P—DCB）对小鼠组织中Zn、Cu、Fe的影响。选用36只小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分成3组,每组12只,分别给予P—DCBO（对照组）、450、900mg·kg^-1,每天灌胃染毒1次,连续7d,染毒结束后24h处死动物并称体质量、肝、肾质量,计算脏器系数。用火焰原子吸收法测定肝脏、血液和肾脏中Zn、Cu、Fe含量。与对照组相比,各染毒组体质量无明显变化。各组肝体系数无差异,但染毒组肾体系数明显高于对照组（P〈O．05）。900mg·kg^-1组肝脏中Zn含量及w（Zn）／w（Cu）值较450mg·kg^-1组有明显升高。与对照组相比,各染毒组血液中Zn含量呈现下降趋势,900nag·kg^-1组较对照组明显下降（P〈0．05）。900mg·kg^-1组肾脏中Cu质量分数明显低于450mg·kg^-1组,Fe质量分数则较对照组及450mg·kg^-1组均有降低,P—DCB可影响小鼠组织中元素Zn、Cu、Fe的含量及不同器官的再分布,提示微量元素失衡可能是P—DCB毒作用的重要机制。     

反相液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂类药物残留

建立了一种猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂药物残留的反相液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经β-葡萄糖苷酸酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解12 h后,加入HClO4调至pH 1,去除蛋白,残渣经过0.1 mol/L HClO4再次提取后,合并提取液,调节混合提取液至pH 4,过混合阳离子(MCX)固相萃取柱净化。采用0.1%甲酸(A)和0.1%甲酸-乙腈(B)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱(ESI+)采用多离子检测模式(MRM)对β2-受体激动剂的定量离子和定性离子进行监测,本方法在15 min内完成26种目标化合物的分离分析。26种β2-受体激动剂在5、10和20μg/L添加水平的回收率为64.0%~112.7%,相对标准偏差小于15.2%,方法检出限为0.15~1.35μg/kg。