IR multiphoton dissociation of CF3I. Pressure effect with inert and reactive gases

The IR multiphoton dissociation of CF₃I has been studied in the presence of isobutane and with isobutane and Ar and CO₂ as inert gases. The dependence of the reaction probability P(Φ) with fluence (ϕ) is confirmed. Modeling of the experimental results shows that for the energy transfer processes the average energy transferred per collision 〈†E〉_d varies with (ϕ).     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mo-Based Oxide Catalysts and Selective Oxidation of Alkanes

Mo-V-M(=Al, Ga, Bi, Sb and Te)–O mixed oxide catalysts were synthesized hydrothermally for the first time, characterized structurally, and tested for ethane and propane oxidation after activation by various ways. These catalysts were black solids of rod-shaped (fiber like) crystals, which had a layer structure in the direction of fiber axis and a high dimensional arrangement of metal octahedra in the cross-section plane. These fresh crystalline materials became active for catalytic oxidation of alkanes after heat-treatment at 600 °C and subsequent grinding in order to increase exposed plane of the cross-section. The resulting catalysts were very active for an oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane with 80% of the ethylene selectivity in the reaction temperature range of 300 to 400 °C and also showed about 50% selectivity to acrylic acid in the propane oxidation. Multi-functional character which derived from the high dimensional structure of the catalysts and mechanism of the selective alkane oxidation were discussed.     

复合离子液体催化碳四烷基化反应性的研究

合成了一种新型的酸性离子液体催化剂——复合离子液体，该离子液体的阴离子具有双金属的配位中心。同时，研究了复合离子液体催化异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应的规律。结果表明，在搅拌速率大于1500r/min，反应低于20℃，烃酸比2∶1~3∶1，烷烯比大于15，反应停留5min~10min，使用丁烯-2为碳四烯烃反应原料下，复合离子液体催化碳四烷基化所得烷基化油的研究法辛烷值（RON）最高可达100以上，明显优于常规氯铝酸离子液体催化所得烷基化油的质量。     

异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应的热力学分析

对异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应进行了较为详尽的热力学分析和计算，得到了不同反应温度下的焓值、吉布斯自由能和反应平衡常数，并且对温度、压力和惰性物质对热力学平衡的影响进行了分析。得到了详细的烷基化反应热力学基础数据，这些数据对研究异丁烷与丁烯的烷基化反应具有重要的参考价值。     

Vapor-liquid equilibria for the nitrogen-isobutane system

Vapor-liquid equilibria have been investigated experimentally for the nitrogen-isobutane system at temperatures from 120 K to 220 K and at pressures up to 150 bar. Below 126.5 K, two liquid phases were observed as pressure was increased to near the vapor pressure of pure nitrogen. The equilibrium ratio of nitrogen in the binary system and the Henry’s law constants for nitrogen in isobutane were determined from experimental data. The experimental phase equilibrium data were correlated by means of the Peng-Robinson equation of state.     

CO2氧化异丁烷制异丁烯用Pd/V2O5-SiO2催化剂

 利用表面化学反应改性法制备了不同V2O5负载量的V2O5-SiO2表面复合物载体,进而采用等体积浸渍法制备了负载型Pd催化剂. 用N2吸附、 X射线衍射、透射电镜、 X射线光电子能谱、程序升温脱附、化学吸附-红外光谱和微反技术对系列Pd/V2O5-SiO2催化剂的比表面积、晶相结构、价态、异丁烷的化学吸附性能和CO2部分氧化异丁烷制异丁烯的催化性能进行了研究. 结果表明, Pd/V2O5-SiO2催化剂中的钒以V5+形式存在, V5+在催化剂表面形成活性位V=O, 其中 V=O 晶格氧与 i-C4H10分子的-CH3 和-CH 中的H产生化学吸附作用; 催化剂中金属Pd与V4+协同作用使CO2在催化剂上产生了卧式吸附态; 晶格氧参加了催化氧化反应,催化剂中 V5+←→V4+ 的变化构成了催化反应的氧化还原过程. 在525 ℃, CO2/i-C4H10体积比为1和空速为 1200 h-1的条件下,以Pd/25%V2O5-SiO2为催化剂时异丁烷转化率为22.8%, 异丁烯选择性为89.1%.     

氧化铝载体对Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al2O3催化剂上异丁烷脱氢性能的影响

采用盐酸回流法和氨水沉淀法合成了氧化铝载体,并通过络合真空浸渍法制备了不同来源氧化铝负载的Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂。利用N₂物理吸附、CO脉冲吸附、H₂程序升温还原、NH₃程序升温脱附、热重等手段对Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂进行了表征,以异丁烷脱氢为探针反应研究了氧化铝载体对该催化剂脱氢性能的影响。结果表明,与由盐酸回流法合成的载体制备的催化剂相比,采用氨水沉淀法合成的氧化铝载体制备的Pt-Sn-K/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂表面具有较小的Pt颗粒和较弱的酸性分布,其脱氢活性及异丁烯选择性更优。14 d的连续运行数据显示,由氨水沉淀合成的载体制备的催化剂,其抗积炭能力更强,反应后催化剂的积炭石墨化程度更低,因而具有更好的稳定性;在该催化剂上,异丁烷初始转化率为56.67%,14 d后仍能达到34.71%,异丁烯初始选择性为80%,7 d后维持在94%左右。     

Novel KF-TiO2catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane

A novel type of catalysts, KF-TiO₂, efficient for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of isobutane is presented. The effect of KF content and calcination temperature was studied. In the reaction conditions explored, the best performance (73 % selectivity to isobutene at 10.5 % conversion of isobutane) was observed over a catalyst with KF/TiO₂ = 0.2 (mol/mol). The surface properties of the catalysts were investigated by SPS (Surface Photo-voltage Spectroscopy) and XPS. The promotion effect of KF in the catalysts can be attributed to the formation of an oxyfluoro-compound, K₂Ti₄O₈F₂.     

离子液体的酸性测定及其催化的异丁烷／丁烯烷基化反应

 初次采用吡啶红外光谱探针法测定了离子液体的酸性．该方法能鉴别离子液体的Br¨onsted／Lewis酸类型，并可以粗略指示离子液体的Lewis酸强度．将［bmim］Cl／AlCl3类离子液体用于催化异丁烷与丁烯的烷基化反应，考察了酸强度、反应温度、压力和时间对产物分布的影响，并在最优操作条件下与传统的H2SO4催化剂进行了比较．结果表明，离子液体对烷基化反应的催化活性和选择性与H2SO4可比，而且它更容易与产物分离，不经任何处理可循环利用10次．     

Study of the acid-base properties of SiO2-supported NiMoO4 catalysts by temperature-programmed desorption: effect of the support

The acid-base properties of several NiMoO₄ catalysts supported on two silicas and prepared by different methods have been studied by temperature-programmed desorption of NH₃. The catalytic behavior in the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane for two NiMoO₄ catalysts with different acid-base properties are compared.