Summary A clean method without use of organic solvents has been developed for isolation and high-performance liquid chromatographic
(HPLC) determination of oxytetracycline (OTC) and sulphadimidine (SDD) in cow's milk. Isolation is rapid and simple—homogenization
with an inorganic acid solution by means of a handy ultrasonic homogenizer, which is easy-to-use and portable, followed by
centrifugation. Reversed-phase HPLC was performed on a C4 column, with 1.25 mmol L−1 succinic acid solution as mobile phase, and identification was by means of a photodiode-array detector. Separation of the
analytes was achieved in less than 8 min. Significant linearity was established over the concentration range of 0.1–1.0 μg
mL−1 for both target compounds (r>0.99,P<0.01). Average recoveries of OTC and SDD (each spiked at 0.1–1.0 μg mL−1) were ≥88.8, and inter- and intra-assay variability was ≤2.8%. The total time required for analysis of one sample was <20
min. The limits of quantitation of the method (μg mL−1 in milk) were 0.044 for OTC and 0.023 for SDD. No organic solvent was used at any stage of the analysis. 相似文献
Laser induced backside wet etching combined with the diffractive gray tone phase mask has been used for the fabrication of a micro-lens array with a single lens diameter of 1 mm and a micro-prism in quartz. The micro-lens array was tested as beam homogenizer for high power XeCl excimer laser yielding a clear improvement in the quality of the laser beam.The optimum fluence range for fabrication of micro-lenses by laser induced backside wet etching using 1.4 M pyrene in THF solution and 308 nm irradiation wavelength is 1-1.6 J/cm2. The etching mechanisms of LIBWE are based on a combination of pressure and temperature jumps at quartz-liquid interface. 相似文献
A technique is presented for the measurement of individual phase flowrates in two-phase flow without separation. The technique is based on signal analysis and pattern recognition methodologies to extract, classify and identify stochastic features from turbulent pressure waveforms. Experiments in a horizontal air-water loop have shown that a set of features is uniquely related to the individual phase flowrates. It is shown that the “flowmeter” can be isolated from installation effects by means of a homogenizer. 相似文献
Herein the fundamentally new unit for production of silicate refractory melts with the use of high-concentrated heat fluxes
is considered. Mathematical model describing temperature fields in skull layer in the process of the plasma flow interaction
with the particles of refractory silicate material has been developed. Typical numerical results of temperature distribution
in various sections of the skull layer are presented. Numerical and experimental data have been compared, and their fair agreement
is obtained.
The work was financially supported by RF President (Grant No. MK 1110.2008.8). 相似文献
A high molecular weight ladder polymer based on 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrahydroxy‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylspirobisindane and 1,4‐dicyanotetraflurobenzene has been synthesized by polycondensation under high‐intensity mixing conditions at about 155 °C and cyclic‐free products were obtained in high yield with low molecular weight distribution (1.7–2.3). The reaction could be completed within a few minutes. The polymer properties were characterized by GPC, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, F NMR, FT‐IR, and MALDI‐TOF MS. In addition, the mechanical properties, apparent surface areas and gas permeability are also reported. This procedure can also be used for the synthesis of other ladder polymers by irreversible polycondensations of tetraphenols with activated tetrafluoro aromatics.
The feasibility of depth profiling was studied by using a 193-nm ArF* excimer laser ablation system (GeoLas, MicroLas, Goettingen, Germany) with a lens array-based beam homogenizer in combination with an ICP-QMS Agilent 7500. Two ablation cells (20 and 1.5 cm3) were compared at the laser repetition rate of 1 Hz, laser beam energy of 135 mJ and the carrier gas flow rate 1.5 L min–1 He + 0.78 L min–1 Ar. The ablation cell dimensions are important parameters for signal tailing; however, very small cell volumes (e.g. 1.5 cm3) may cause memory effects, which can be probably explained by dominant inertial losses of aerosol on cell walls with its delayed mobilization. The 20-cm3 ablation cell seems to be appropriate for depth profiling by continuous single-hole drilling. The study of the influence of the pit diameter magnitude on the waning and emerging signals under small crater depth/diameter aspect ratios, which range between 0.75 and 0.0375 for the 3-m-thick coatings and pit diameters 4–80 m, revealed that the steady-state signals of pure coating and pure substrate (out of interface) were obtained at crater diameters between 20 and 40 m. Depth resolution defined by means of slopes of tangents in the layer interface region depend on the pit diameter and has an optimum value between 20 and 40 m and gives 0.6 m for the 20-m pit. In-depth variation of concentration of coating constituent (Ti) was proved to be almost identical with two different laser/ICP systems.Viktor Kanický performed this work while on leave at ETH Zurich 相似文献
A compact beam-shaping device with a reflective aspherical surface is proposed. The device converts a circular symmetric Gaussian
beam from a laser into a uniform distribution on a target plane. The device consists of a laser, a reflective aspherical surface
formed on the base plane inclined by 45° against the optical axis, and a spacer. The surface is designed for an optical device
used as a transmitter of indoor wireless optical communication, which is one of the promising applications. The designed surface
is obtained by approximation using polynomial. Beam shaping of a simulated surface and a uniform intensity distribution on
the target plane is obtained. The intensity distribution generated by the surface is numerically simulated and evaluated if
the surface is misaligned. It is clarified that the generated distribution is tolerable for the misalignment. 相似文献