从含氢硅油制取水性氟硅聚合物

在无溶剂的条件下, 通过硅氢加成法将烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚, 氟化丙烯酸烷基酯接枝共聚到甲基含氢硅油侧链, 成功地合成了一系列有机氟硅聚合物. 通过高速剪切乳化法可制得不同质量投料比时的水性氟硅聚合物水分散物. 采用FTIR, ¹H NMR和TEM对有关产物和乳液进行了结构分析, 并进一步系统研究了水分散物表面张力, 流变性等性能, 结果表明: 质量分数为2.0%的水性氟硅聚合物水分散物的表面张力降低至22.00～26.00 N/m, 其黏度随着剪切速率的增大有剪切变稠现象发生, 且不同质量投料比时, 其粒子粒径大小及形状也有较大差别.     

Hydrophobic and Oleophobic Epoxy Surfaces Prepared by a Facile Process with Fluorosilicone Copolymer and SiO2 Nano-Particle

Hydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces with multi-scale structures were prepared on epoxy coating surfaces by using a facile process with fluorosilicone copolymer and SiO₂ nano-particles. The fluorosilicone copolymers were synthesized using perfluoroalkyl acrylate (FA), vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and styrene (St) as comonomers via radical emulsion polymerization. In this paper, the surface properties of epoxy coating modified by fluorosilicone copolymer and SiO₂ nano-particles were analyzed by using the contact angle measurement. The results showed that the modified epoxy coating surface exhibited not only excellent hydrophobicity but also oleophobicity, the water contact angle reached as high as 149° and the oil (atoleine) contact angle 101°, respectively.     

Effect of cold atmospheric plasma treatment on hydrophilic properties of fluorosilicone rubber

Vulcanized fluorosilicone rubber for aviation was treated by argon and oxygen cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in order to modify its hydrophilic properties. The sample's chemical composition was analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The static contact angle, surface free energy, and adhesion strength were used to indicate the hydrophilic properties. Additionally, the surface morphologies of the specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results showed that the contact angle declined from 101.5° to 22°, and the surface energy rose from 21.3 to 71.2 mJ/m² after they were treated by argon plasma. Alternatively, the water contact angle decreased to 25.5°, and the surface energy increased to 70.6 mJ/m² after they were treated by oxygen plasma. In addition, the SEM and AFM images of the samples illustrate that the treated surface of fluorosilicone rubber becomes rougher than the non‐treated surface. The concentrations of carbon (C) and fluorine (F) elements of the material' surface decreased and the contents of O element greatly enriched after plasma treatment. Additionally, chemical group C―O and C―OH appeared after the treatment. However, the hydrophilic effect of the plasma treatment is aged after the specimens were stored for 8–12 h. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and characterization of novel fluorosilicone rubber using imide modified vinyl‐containing fluorosilicone resin as cross‐linker

A novel imide modified vinyl‐containing fluorosilicone resin (MP‐VFS) was firstly prepared from maleopimaric acid (MPA), and characterized by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. Containing MPA based imide heterocycle (MPABI), MP‐VFS was further used as a novel cross‐linker to prepare MPA modified fluorosilicone rubber (MP‐FSR). Morphology, mechanical and oil‐resistance properties, thermal properties, and low temperature resistance of MP‐FSR had been studied. Microphase separation was observed in MP‐FSR. Although the tensile strength of fluorosilicone rubber was not significantly enhanced, the tearing strength, breaking elongation, rebound resilience and hardness were effectively improved. When the MP‐VFS content was 2.0 wt %, the tearing strength of MP‐FSR was increased by 23.5%, breaking elongation by 18.6% and rebound resilience by 9.7%. The thermal stability was enhanced due to the incorporation of MPABI. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 1769–1776     

抗结冰涂层: 从表面化学到功能化表面

在交通运输、航空航天、电力通信等诸多领域,结冰给人类和社会带来很大危害和安全隐患。现有的抗结冰方法如机械除冰、加热除冰以及喷洒化学试剂等虽然有效,但是存在耗能大和环境污染等问题。在基体表面涂装具有抗结冰性能的功能涂层被认为是一种必要的切实有效的方法,近年来备受关注。本文在介绍了涂层抗结冰原理及基体表面结冰影响因素的基础上,详细综述了近年来各类抗结冰涂层取得的研究成果,主要包括牺牲性涂层、疏冰涂层和超疏水涂层。重点介绍了制备抗结冰涂层所用的材料及方法,并分析了各种抗结冰涂层的优缺点,指出了抗结冰涂层目前存在的问题,最后对抗结冰涂层的发展趋势进行了分析和展望。     

The reinforcing effect of clay on the mechanical properties of nitric acid–treated fluorosilicone rubber filled PI composites

The mechanical behaviour of fluorosilicone rubber–filled PI composites with and without clay was investigated. The clay filled fluorosilicone rubber composite had the highest interlaminar shear strength value of all the combinations because its higher bond strength may have hindered a large fibre/matrix debonding. The maximum tensile strength was observed for 20 vol% fluorosilicone rubber/PI/5vol%clay composite. The interlaminar shear strength of clay filled fluorosilicone rubber/PI composite was greater than that of fluorosilicone rubber/PI composite, which shows that the adhesion factor of the combination of the PI and fluorosilicone rubber was greater.     

含氟硅油作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

用SRV摩擦磨损试验机评价了2种含氟硅油在聚α烯烃基础油中作为添加剂时的摩擦学性能,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）观察并分析了磨斑表面形貌和主要元素的化学状态,探讨了含氟硅油的摩擦化学机制。结果表明：含氟硅油具有优良的减摩和抗磨性能;含氟硅油在摩擦作用下发生分解,在摩擦副表面生成的含氟的摩擦化学产物是提高摩擦副抗磨减摩性能的关键因素。     

钢-铜摩擦副在边界润滑条件下的减摩抗磨机理研究

用SRV摩擦磨损试验机分别考察了聚α烯烃基础油含磷氮添加剂和两种含氟硅油添加剂在钢-铜摩擦副滑动下的摩擦学性能,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)观察并分析了铜磨斑表面形貌和磨斑表面主要元素的化学状态.结果表明:含磷氮添加剂和含氟硅油添加剂均具有优良的减摩和抗磨性能;磷、氮和氟等在摩擦表面生成的摩擦化学产物是提高摩擦副抗磨减摩性能的根本原因.     

四氟乙烯五聚体与胺基化合物的反应

四氟乙烯五聚体(1),在 DMF 存在下与氨基磺酸反应,可生成2a,2b 与2c,并在2a 与2b 的分子中引入了 N,N-二甲胺基酮亚胺基。1与γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)反应,可得到烯亚胺及其环化产物环丁烯亚胺。根据~(19)F 和~(29)Si NMR 确证生成了 SiF_n(OEt)_(3-n)结构产物,n 可受反应条件控制,能起到瞬时交联的作用。1与乙醇胺的反应产物和四氟乙烯四聚体与乙醇胺反应结果类似, 得到七员环化物,但产率很高,可能是五聚体结构的反应活性较四聚体为大。四个脂肪族伯胺的反应活性顺序是正丁基胺,KH-550>乙醇胺>氨基磺酸。