血清瘦素水平在评估慢性病毒性肝炎肝纤维化程度中的意义

目的探讨血清瘦素(LEP)水平与慢性乙肝（CHB）和慢性丙肝（CHC）患者肝纤维化程度之间的关系。方法采用ELISA方法检测65例CHB、41例CHC患者血清LEP浓度，同期25例健康体检者作为对照。所有入选患者均经肝脏穿刺病理学检查评估肝纤维化程度。结果与对照组相比，CHB与CHC患者LEP水平明显增高（P＜0.05或0.01），CHB和CHC患者血清LEP水平在纤维化程度较高者均明显高于纤维化程度较低者（均P＜0.01），且CHC组血清LEP水平显著高于相同纤维化分期CHB患者（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论血清LEP水平与慢性病毒性肝炎肝纤维化程度相关，血清LEP水平可作为慢性病毒性肝炎患者肝纤维化程度监测指标之一。     

Polydiacetylene/Anti‐HBs Complexes for Visible and Fluorescent Detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen on a Nitrocellulose Membrane

The immunochromatographic assay (ICA) using a nitrocellulose (NC) membrane offers several advantages. This technique is a rapid and straightforward method in contrast to other immunoassays. Polydiacetylene (PDA) vesicles have unique optical properties, displaying red color and red fluorescence at the same time. In this system, red‐phase PDA vesicles are used as a fluorescent dye as well as a surface for immobilized hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb). PDA has a remarkable stability compared with other fluorescent dyes. In this study, the most suitable PDA/HBsAb complexes are introduced for detecting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Then, the PDA/HBsAb complexes affixed antibody is attached to NC membrane, which has two lines to confirm detection of HBsAg. The main advantage of this system is that the detection of HBsAg can be observed in both visible and fluorescent images due to the optical properties of polydiacetylene. Detection of HBsAg is observed up to 0.1 ng mL⁻¹ by fluorescent analysis and confirmed by red line on the NC membrane up to 1 ng mL⁻¹ (HBsAg) using the naked eye. Consequently, these results show that PDA/HBsAb complexes were successfully applied to ICA for the diagnosis of hepatitis B.     

Isolation and Characterization of Two Chalcone Derivatives with Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity from the Endemic Socotraen Dracaena cinnabari (Dragon’s Blood Tree)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent and continues to be a global health concern. In this study, we determined the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) potential of the Socotra-endemic medicinal plant Dracaena cinnabari and isolated and characterized the responsible constituents. A bioassay-guided fractionation using different chromatographic techniques of the methanolic extract of D. cinnabari led to the isolation of two chalcone derivatives. Using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including ¹H-, ¹³C-, and 2D-NMR, these derivatives were identified as 2,4’-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone (compound 1) and 2,4’-dihydroxy-4-methoxyhydrochalcone (compound 2). Both compounds were isolated for the first time from the red resin (dragon’s blood) of D. cinnabari. The compounds were first evaluated for cytotoxicity on HepG2.2.15 cells and 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) values were determined. They were then evaluated for anti-HBV activity against HepG2.2.15 cells by assessing the suppression of HBsAg and HBeAg production in the culture supernatants and their half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and therapeutic index (TI) values were determined. Compounds 1 and 2 indicated inhibition of HBsAg production in a dose- and time-dependent manner with IC₅₀ values of 20.56 and 6.36 μg/mL, respectively.     

超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用分析鸭蛋黄中的苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ

建立了鸭蛋黄中苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ号的超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用（UPLC-MS/MS）的分析方法。采用乙腈提取样品中的苏丹红,加水反沉淀除去蛋白质和脂肪等杂质,冷冻后高速离心,取上层清液供UPLC-MS/MS分析。经Waters Acquity BHE C18超高效液相色谱柱分离,串联四极杆质谱多反应监测模式检测,4种物质的检出限均为0.05 μg/L,实际样品中4种物质的检出限为10 μg/kg。采用标准添加法测定苏丹红的回收率,100.0,200.0,300.0 μg/kg 3个不同添加水平的回收率为50.2%～101.3%。实验结果表明该方法灵敏度高,检出限低,确证能力强,分析时间短,可满足高通量食品样品中苏丹红的日常检测。     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎YMDD变异的相关因素分析

目的分析拉米夫定治疗后慢性乙型肝炎酪氨酸(Y)、蛋氨酸(M)、天冬氨酸(D)、天冬氨酸(D)变异的相关因素.方法对169例经拉米夫定治疗12个月后的慢性乙型肝炎患者发生YMDD变异情况进行回顾性分析.采用荧光定量PCR和PCR产物测序等方法检测慢性乙型肝炎拉米夫定治疗前、治疗后HBV基因型、HBV DNA水平、HBeAg状态、ALT水平等指标.结果在169例患者中,基因型B共76例(44.97%),基因型C共93例(55.03%).拉米夫定治疗12个月后,46例(27.22%)患者发生YMDD变异,其中,基因型B变异27例(35.53%),基因型C变异19例(20.43%),两者有统计学差异(P<0.05).YMDD变异组患者治疗前HBV DNA水平显著高于YMDD未变异组[(7.26±0.58 vs6.44±0.65)log拷贝/ml,P<0.05].HBeAg阳性患者YMDD变异率显著高于HBeAg阴性患者(38.10%vs20.75%,P<0.05).YMDD变异组与未变异组在治疗前ALT水平上无明显差异[(136.09±28.21 vs 124.15±26.52)U/L,P>0.05].结论拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎发生YMDD变异与HBV基因型、HBV DNA水平、HBeAg状态等密切相关.拉米夫定治疗前,检测HBV基因型、HBV DNA水平,HBeAg状态等指标对慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗具有重要意义.