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B. Velázquez-Martí C. Gracia-López 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2004,25(7):1109-1122
The thermal treatment by millimeter waves for the soil disinfection can be one possible alternative to chemical treatments. This physical method is based on incrementing the soil temperature and its pathogens irradiating with high frequency electromagnetic waves. So the previous knowledge of the temperature distribution in the irradiated soil is essential for achieving an effective bad microorganism and weed seeds elimination. This report analyse the heating kinetic and spatial distribution of the maximum temperatures reached by the soil. It is presented a mathematic model about how are distributed the reached temperatures in the depth of the irradiated soil. This model concludes that when an orchard soil is irradiated superficially by microwaves, the microwaves have a big attenuation due to the soil dielectric properties and the water located in the pores of the most superficial layer. This fact causes a shield effect blocking the waves penetration in few centimetres. The heating by radiation is reduced to the superficial layer. The heating propagation in the depth is occurred by conduction following the Fourier equations. 相似文献
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Martínez-Huitle CA Brillas E 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2008,47(11):1998-2005
Chlorination is the most common method worldwide for the disinfection of drinking water. However, the identification of potentially toxic products from this method has encouraged the development of alternative disinfection technologies. Among them, electrochemical disinfection has emerged as one of the more feasible alternatives to chlorination. This article reviews electrochemical systems that can contribute to drinking water disinfection and underscores the efficiency of recently developed diamond films in chlorine-free electrochemical systems. 相似文献
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气相色谱-质谱法检测饮用水新生含氮消毒副产物氯代乙酰胺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法检测饮用水中新生致突变含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)二乙酰胺(DCAcAm)和三乙酰胺(TCAcAm)的分析方法.考察了GC/MS和GC/ECD两种检测仪器及不同样品前处理技术对氯代乙酰胺(CAcAms)的检测效果.对比发现,酸催化水解+GC/ECD的分析方法容易受其它消毒副产物(DBPs)的影响,直接液液萃取(LLE)+GC/MS更适合CAcAms的分析;乙酸乙酯(ETAC)的萃取效果优于DBPs分析常用萃取剂甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE).在选定条件下,DAcAm和TAcAm在10~1000 μg/L的范围内线性关系良好,r>0.9995; 方法回收率在82.0%~111.9%之间;RSD小于10%;检出限(MDL)和测定限(RQL)均低于1 μg/L. 相似文献
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Dr. Jinpeng Liu Dr. Nali Zhu Dr. Haiming Xu Jinwu Bai Dr. Chaofeng Shao Prof. Meiting Ju Prof. Qilin Yu Prof. Lu Liu 《ChemistryOpen》2019,8(10):1309-1315
Bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) nanosheets are exciting photocatalysts for microbial disinfection and organic dye degradation. However, it remains a great challenge to easily recycle these nanomaterials and improve their photocatalytic ability. Herein, we constructed a novel photocatalytic BiOBr@PAG gel containing BiOBr nanosheets and polyacrylamide gel (PAG), based on peroxydisulfate-induced polymerization reaction. The photocatalytic gel had equally distribution of BiOBr nanosheets on the surface, and could be easily recycled from water. More strikingly, the gel could also rapidly kill all tested pathogenic bacteria (i. e., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) under irradiation. Its disinfection activity is attributed to remarkable intracellular ROS production and oxidative cell damage. Furthermore, the gel had higher photocatalytic activity than BiOBr nanosheets alone during degradation of organic dyes. This study developed a novel strategy for preparation of easy-recycling and high-efficiency photocatalytic systems for practical application in environmental treatment and medicinal disinfection. 相似文献
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消毒灭菌技术广泛应用于食品工业、医疗领域、水处理等方面。相对于传统化学和热效应的消毒灭菌方法,γ射线、X射线、电子束、微波、低温等离子体、紫外线、高压脉冲电场等物理手段具有不污染环境、消毒灭菌温度低、没有化学残留物等优点而日益受到重视。但这些物理技术手段各有不同,本文首先介绍了γ射线、X射线、电子束、微波、低温等离子体、紫外线、高压脉冲电场等消毒灭菌的技术原理,然后对比了各自优缺点和应用领域。每种方法都有优势和不足,应针对不同的消毒灭菌对象而选择不同的方式。最后,展望了消毒灭菌的发展方向,提出了消毒灭菌在家庭日常消毒、医疗垃圾处理、有人状态下的室内空气消毒等方面的迫切需求。 相似文献
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《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2023,16(2):104473
The coupling of piezocatalysis and photocatalysis known as piezo-photocatalysis has attracted a lot of attention as one of the most effective advanced oxidation process (AOPs) for wastewater treatment, especially for the degradation of organic pollutants and disinfection of microbes. To advance this technology, there’s a need to develop lead free piezoelectric materials to drive both piezocatalytic and photocatalytic process to prevent secondary pollution due to lead toxicity. Hence, barium titanate (BaTiO3) has been widely used as lead free piezoelectric material for several applications including water splitting, bacterial disinfection, and wastewater treatment due to its exceptional optical and piezoelectric properties. This work presents a comprehensive review on the application of BaTiO3 as a promising lead-free piezo-photocatalyst for the catalytic degradation of organic pollutants and bacterial disinfection from aqueous solution. This review article details the optical and piezoelectric properties, modification strategies, and synthetic methods of BaTiO3. Furthermore, the application of BaTiO3 as a preferred piezo-photocatalyst for wastewater treatment and a future perspective is presented. 相似文献
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Amphetamine and methamphetamine are emerging contaminants—those for which no regulations currently require monitoring or public reporting of their presence in our water supply. In this research, a protocol for weak cation‐exchange (WCX) SPE coupled with LC‐MS/MS was developed for determination of emerging contaminants amphetamine and methamphetamine in a complex wastewater matrix. Gradient LC parameters were adjusted to yield baseline separation of methamphetamine from other contaminants. Methamphetamine‐D5 was used as the internal standard (IS) to compensate for sample loss during SPE and for signal loss during MS (matrix effects). Recoveries were 102.1 ± 7.9% and 99.4 ± 4.0% for amphetamine and methamphetamine, respectively, using WCX sorbent. Notably, methamphetamine was determined to be present in wastewater influent at each sampling date tested. Amphetamine was present in wastewater influent on two of four sampling dates. Amphetamine concentrations ranged from undetectable to 86.4 ng/L in influent, but it was undetectable in wastewater effluent. Methamphetamine was detected in influent at concentrations ranging from 27.0–60.3 ng/L. Methamphetamine concentration was reduced but incompletely removed at this facility. Although absent in one post‐UV effluent sample, concentrations of methamphetamine ranged from 10.8–14.8 ng/L. 相似文献
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