磺酸功能化金属-有机骨架吸附脱氮性能

以硝基甲烷为溶剂,采用三氟甲磺酸酐(Tf2O)和浓硫酸对金属有机骨架材料MIL-101(Cr){Cr3F(H2O)2O[(O2C)-C6H4-(CO2)]3nH2O(n~25)}进行磺酸功能化修饰,使其孔壁配体上形成磺酸基团.通过改变MIL-101(Cr)、Tf2O和浓硫酸的摩尔配比,得到含有不同磺酸基团数量的S-MIL-101(Cr),对磺化后的材料进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、氮气物理吸附、酸碱电位滴定以及热重分析(TGA)表征.结果表明,磺酸功能化后MIL-101(Cr)的孔道结构仍然保持,比表面积和孔径有所下降,表面磺酸基团的数量根据磺化程度的不同从0.21到0.42 mmol g-1不等.将磺酸功能化后的MIL-101(Cr)用于液体燃料的吸附脱氮,发现磺酸功能化能够增强MIL-101(Cr)与含氮化合物的相互作用,有利于其对碱性氮化物的吸附脱除.相对于未经磺化的样品,按照摩尔配比n(MIL-101(Cr)):n(H2SO4):n(Tf2O)=1:3:4.5反应得到的磺酸功能化MIL-101(Cr)对喹啉和吲哚的吸附量提高较大,其对喹啉和吲哚的Langmuir最大吸附量分别提高了12.2%和6.3%.通过乙醇洗涤,吸附剂可再生,经过三次再生之后的吸附剂对模拟燃料中含氮化合物的吸附量没有明显的降低.     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体与含氮化合物相互作用的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法研究了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐离子液体[Bmim]HSO_4与氮化物喹啉和吲哚分子的相互作用,并进行了NBO和AIM分析。[Bmim]HSO_4离子对最稳定结构表明,[HSO_4]~-阴离子中的氧原子与咪唑环中正电性较大的C14-H20之间有较强的氢键作用。在分子水平上,NBO和AIM分析证实了喹啉和吲哚分子与[Bmim]HSO_4的阴离子之间有较强的相互作用,其中,喹啉分子中的氮原子与阴离子[HSO_4]~-中氢原子之间的作用以及吲哚分子中N-H的氢原子与[HSO_4]~-中氧原子之间的作用是该离子液体能够有效脱除氮化物的主要动力。     

环境友好的选择性催化还原氮氧化物催化剂

富氧条件下的氮氧化物（NO。）选择性催化还原（SCR）是目前环境催化领域的研究热点,其核心问题是研发环境友好、高效稳定的SCR催化剂．目前,以NH3为还原剂的NH3-SCR已经大规模应用于固定源烟气脱硝和柴油车尾气净化,以碳氢化合物（Hc）为还原剂的HC-SCR也有望实际应用．针对NH3-SCR,本文以作者研究的铁钛复合氧化物催化剂、铈基氧化物催化剂以及国际上新兴的小孔分子筛催化剂为例,从催化剂结构、SCR反应机理、催化剂低温活性改进以及抗中毒性能等诸多方面对该领域的研究进展做了较为全面的论述．针对HC-SCR催化剂,本文在综述长链HC及柴油选择性还原NQ研究现状的基础上,结合作者在HC-SCR反应机理方面的研究成果,展望了实现柴油-SCR的发展方向．     

Multicomponent Reactions Involving Diazo Reagents: A 5-Year Update

This review summarizes recent developments in multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds. The role of diazo reagent and the type of interaction between components was analyzed to structure the discussion. In contrast to previous reviews on related topics mostly focused on metal catalyzed transformations, a substantial amount of organocatalytic or catalyst-free methodologies is covered in this work.     

Synthesis of Heterocycles through Denitrogenative Cyclization of Triazoles and Benzotriazoles

During the past few decades, there has been considerable growth in the development of denitrogenative reactions of triazole skeletons to construct valuable cyclic compounds, particularly heterocycles. Despite the inherent difficulty of the ring-opening of triazole derivatives, many novel and efficient approaches have arisen in this area mainly with the use of transition metal (such as rhodium, palladium, silver, copper) catalysis, photolysis, or free radical mediated reactions. Generally, these procedures begin with the ring-opening of 1,2,3-triazoles or benzotriazoles followed by N₂ extrusion and subsequent diverse transformations, which enable the rapid synthesis of various heterocycles in a single step. To avoid overlap with other related reviews, this minireview covers the recent advances in the denitrogenative cyclization of 1,2,3-triazoles since 2016 and the denitrogenative cyclization of benzotriazoles since 2012.     

Utilization of Deep Eutectic Solvents to Reduce the Release of Hazardous Gases to the Atmosphere: A Critical Review

The release of certain gases to the atmosphere is controlled in many countries owing to their negative impact on the environment and human health. These gases include carbon dioxide (CO₂), sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and ammonia (NH₃). Considering the major contribution of greenhouse gases to global warming and climate change, mitigation of these gases is one of the world’s primary challenges. Nevertheless, the commercial processes used to capture these gases suffer from several drawbacks, including the use of volatile solvents, generation of hazardous byproducts, and high-energy demand. Research in green chemistry has resulted in the synthesis of potentially green solvents that are non-toxic, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are novel solvents that upon wise choice of their constituents can be green and tunable with high biocompatibility, high degradability, and low cost. Consequently, the capture of toxic gases by DESs is promising and environmentally friendly and has attracted much attention during the last decade. Here, we review recent results on capture of these gases using different types of DESs. The effect of different parameters, such as chemical structure, molar ratio, temperature, and pressure, on capture efficiency is discussed.     

煤非催化加氢热解过程中脱硫脱氮效应及硫变迁特性

采用５ｇ固定床反应器和在线热解质谱，对煤加氢热解过程的脱硫脱氮效应及硫变迁特性进行了考察。结果表明，煤中几乎所有硫铁硫矿被脱除殆尽，半焦中残存的向亘硫主要表现为硫酸盐硫。而热解过程中硫往焦油产组分的变迁、转移主要取准地煤中噻吩类含硫化物的不完全氢化还原反应，而与煤中其它有机硫化珠的含量关系不大，从而使高噻吩煤难于获得低硫充洁净焦油产物。同时发现，由于氢传质扩散的相对滞后，微量硫与煤中内在氧发生氧化     

富氢气氛下煤热解脱硫脱氮的研究

本文对兖州高硫煤在１０ｍｌ固定床反应器中分别与相当条件下的焦炉煤气、合成气、氢气共热解所得半焦及焦油元素进行系统的分析比较。结果表明,在压力为３ＭＰａ,温度为６５０℃,升温速率为１０℃／ｍｉｎ相对温和的热解条件下,兖州高硫煤与焦炉气、合成气、氢气共热解脱氮率分别为３０１％、３５７％、４４０％（ｗ％,ａｄ）,脱硫率基本相当约为８０％（ｗ％,ａｄ）,且在此三种热解气氛下煤中硫在热解固、液、气产物中的分布极为相似,分别约为２０％、１０％、７０％。与相当氢分压下的纯氢加氢热解相比,５ＭＰａ焦炉气气氛下兖州煤热解脱硫率增加约４５％,脱氮率降低约３５％。用焦炉气顶替纯氢气进行煤加氢热解具有较大的脱硫优势,这不失为我国高硫煤洁净利用的新途径     

氧化改性活性炭制备高效吸附剂用于油品吸附脱氮

以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,进行了活性炭的氧化改性,以提高活性炭在油品吸附脱氮中的吸附量.利用程序升温分解质谱对改性前后活性炭表面含氧基团进行了定性和定量检测.分别使用含有喹啉的模型油品和煤液化油对氧化前后活性炭的吸附脱氮性能进行了测试.结果显示氧化改性后活性炭表面含氧基团浓度由改性前的6.2mmol-O/g-A提高到改性后的25.9 mmol-O/g-A,同时,活性炭改性后其在模型油品和煤液化油吸附脱氮的吸附量也比改性前分别提高了2.8和2.6倍.进一步研究发现达到吸附饱和的活性炭可以通过甲苯进行脱附,脱附后的活性炭具有与吸附前基本相同的吸附脱氮能力.