柠檬醛对黄曲霉质膜物理损伤机制的研究

通过反射干涉对比显微技术和快速图像分析技术,捕获细胞质膜外光晕变化和细胞周边边缘激发变化的信息,并采用闪烁本征模式分解测定柠檬醛作用于黄曲霉质膜前后各模式（m=0,1,2）所对应的平均平方振幅<δn2m>、剪切弹性μ和弹性弯曲模量Kc,与理论模式光谱相比,研究柠檬醛损伤质膜的物理机制.结果表明,m=1的平动模式主导了光晕波谱,其平均平方振幅呈双指数衰变,该模式几乎与剪切弹性无关,即μ=0;弹性弯曲模量Kc的最小和最大值分别为9.45×10-18J和5.43×10-17J,与柠檬醛的浓度成正相关性.揭示该醛对黄曲霉质膜的损伤,除改变膜的选择通透性和电导率外,同时使质膜平动模式的平均平方振幅呈双指数衰变,弹性弯曲模量Kc增加,从而降低膜伸缩的弹性.     

假性紫罗酮的合成

假紫罗酮,6,10-二甲基-3,5,9-十一碳三烯2-酮,是合成重要香料紫罗酮、维生素A、E的重要中间体。工业上多用改进的Tjemann法,即丙酮与柠檬醛缩合的方法,及用芳樟醇的中间体脱氢芳樟醇制备。我国柠檬醛的来源——野生植物山苍子的资源丰富,所以     

Electrochemical hydrogenation of citral

The conditions for preparative electrocatalytic hydrogenation of citral to citronellol were found. Changes in the electrocatalytic properties of the nickel cathode depend on the method of pretreatment of the electrode (mechanical surface cleaning, thermal treatment, cathode-anode activation, and electrodeposition). The use of the nickel cathode with the surface covered with dispersed nickel in electrocatalytic hydrogenation was recommended. For Part 4, see Ref. 1. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1531–1534, August, 1998.     

阴离子交换树脂担载氟离子催化合成假性甲基紫罗兰酮

用阴离子交换树脂担载氟离子催化柠檬醛与丁酮的反应,合成了假性甲基紫罗兰。探讨了催化剂用量、反应物配比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对收率的影响,在柠檬醛为100mmol,n(柠檬醛)：n(丁酮)=1：10,催化剂用量为柠檬醛质量的75％,室温反应1h的最佳反应条件下,产物收率87．1％,纯度99．1％。     

香料紫罗兰酮的合成研究

报道用新的催化剂合成紫罗兰酮.用CH3ONa作固体碱催化剂催化柠檬醛与丙酮的Aldol缩合反应,在50～60℃反应3.5h,以95.3%的收率制得假性紫罗兰酮,然后假性紫罗兰酮在磷酸催化下进行关环反应,于温度55～65℃反应,得质量分数为97.6%的紫罗兰酮,收率81.5%,对合成条件进行了分析和讨论,对产品紫罗兰酮的IR谱图、NMR谱图进行了确认和详细的分析.     

2种苯并吡喃类查尔酮天然产物的全合成

2种苯并吡喃类查尔酮天然产物的全合成;全合成;苯并吡喃类查尔酮;三羟基苯乙酮;柠檬醛;苯甲醛     

柠檬醛长时程嗅觉吸入的脑功能活动MEMRI研究

本文使用设计的嗅觉吸入装置使大鼠吸入挥发性柠檬醛或无气味空气，之后使用锰增强磁共振成像（MEMRI）的方法，观察长时程（24 h）吸入柠檬醛之后，大鼠脑功能活动变化情况．基于体素分析和感兴趣区（ROI）分析结果显示，与对照组相比，长时程吸入柠檬醛组大鼠伏隔核中心部（AcbC）、嗅小球层（GL）等脑区功能活动增强；而该组大鼠视皮层（VC）、听觉皮层（AC）、压后皮层（RSC）等脑区锰累积显著减少．且长时程吸入柠檬醛之后，大鼠脑区GL与关联的脑区功能相关性显著增强．从而表明MEMRI可用于长时程嗅觉吸入刺激的脑功能研究，并极具应用前景．     

(±)-二氢猕猴桃内酯合成方法的改进

以柠檬醛为原料, 经环化、羟腈化、水解关环和脱水4步反应, 以40.24%的总产率合成了(±)-二氢猕猴桃内酯．     

Electrochemical hydrogenation of citral

The effect of the nature and concentration of the acid component on the yield and ratio of the products of electrocatalytic hydrogenation of citral was studied. The use of weak organic acids (e.g., AcOH) in amounts that are stoichiometric for hydrogenation of conjugated double bonds was shown to be advantageous. For Communication 3 see Ref. 1. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 480–483, March, 1997.     

HPLC‐DAD for the determination of three different classes of antifungals: method characterization,statistical approach,and application to a permeation study

This study describes and characterizes methods for high‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detection (HPLC‐DAD) analysis of formulations containing molecules with antifungal activity of three different classes: terbinafine and butenafine (allylamines), miconazole and fluconazole (azoles), and geraniol, neral and geranial (monoterpenes). All methods used the same chromatographic column (RP₁₈), enabling the analysis to be performed in a single batch. The specificity was extensively discussed through the establishment of purity peak methods. The analytical parameters (linearity, precision and accuracy) were calculated and discussed in detail using specific statistical approaches. All substances showed satisfactory results for chromatographic and analytical parameters. Limits of 1.3% to mean repeatability and 2.0% for intermediate precision are suggested as acceptance criteria in validation of methods by HPLC‐DAD, in situations where there is no extensive pretreatment of the samples. The methods proved to be robust and significant factors were discussed regarding their influence on chromatographic parameters (retention time, resolution, tailing factor and column efficiency). Finally, the application of the developed methods was demonstrated by the results of a permeation study of the antifungal agents through bovine hoof membranes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.