Spectroscopic evidence for triplet excitation energy transfer among carotenoids in the LH2 complex from photosynthetic bacterium <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodopseudomonas palustris</Emphasis>

The LH2 complex from Rhodopsudomonas (Rps.) palustris is unique in the heterogeneous carotenoid compositions. The dynamics of triplet excited state Carotenoids (³Car* has been investigated by means of sub-microsecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy both at physiological temperature (295 K) and at cryogenic temperature (77K). Broad and asymmetric T _n ←T ₁ transient absorption was observed at room temperature following the photo-excitation of Car at 532 nm, which suggests the contribution from various carotenoid compositions having different numbers of conjugated C=C double bonds (N_c=c). The triplet absorption bands of different carotenoids, which superimposed at room temperature, could be clearly distinguished upon decreasing the temperature down to 77 K. At room temperature the shorter-wavelength side of the main T_n04T₁ absorption band decayed rapidly to reach a spectral equilibration with a characteristic time constant of ∽1 μs, the same spectral dynamics, however, was not observed at 77 K. The aforementioned spectral dynamics can be explained in terms of the triplet-excitation transfer among heterogeneous carotenoid compositions. Global spectral analysis was applied to the time-resolved spectra at room temperature, which revealed two spectral components peaked at 545 and 565 nm, and assignable to the T_n04 T₁ absorption of Cars with Nc=c=11 and Nc=c=13, respectively. Surprisingly, the decay time constant of a shorter-conjugated Car, i.e. 0.72 ώs (aerobic) and 1.36 ώs (anaerobic), is smaller than that of a longer-conjugated Car, i.e. 2.12 us (aerobic) and 3.75 ώs (anaerobic), which is contradictory to the general rule of carotenoids and relative polyenes. The results are explained in terms of triplet-excitation transfer among different types of Cars. It is postulated that two Cars with different conjugation lengths coexist in an α, β-subunit in the LH2 complex.     

催化光度法测定痕量甲醛

基于磷酸介质中甲醛催化溴酸钾氧化溴甲酚紫的褪色反应 ,建立了测定痕量甲醛的方法。方法的检出限为 1.0× 10 - 5g·L- 1,线性范围为 0 .0 2 0～ 0 .4 8μg·ml- 1,方法简便 ,用于空气中测定痕量甲醛 ,结果满意。     

准二维电荷密度波导体钾紫青铜KxMo6O17单晶样品的制备

采用碳酸盐替代高钼酸盐电解还原的方法成功制备出了准二维电荷密度波导体钾紫青铜单晶.通过x射线衍射、透射电子显微术等方法对单晶进行结构分析表明：晶胞参数a=b=0.5540nm，c=1.3508nm，单晶为三角晶系，对称群为P3.电阻温度关系曲线的测量显示：钾紫青铜K_xMo₆O₁₇单晶在112K附近发生金属到金属的Peierls相变. 关键词： 钾紫青铜 电荷密度波 Peierls相变     

Fluorescence staining of yeast cells permeabilized by killer toxin K1: Determination of optimum conditions

Optimal assay conditions were established for the previously described method used to determine the activity ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae pore-forming killer toxin K1. The method is based on cell staining with bromocresol purple. Sensitive cells ofS. cerevisiae from the early exponential phase under nongrowth conditions and in the presence of glucose were the most convenient for determining the killer toxin activity. Maximum killing war reached when the suspension was buffered with 10 mM citrate-phosphate at pH 4.6.     

盐生盐杆菌灭活原生质体融合的研究

通过双亲灭活方法将二株具不同遗传学特性的盐生盐杆菌Ｊ７（含质粒，不产紫膜）和Ｒ１（产紫膜，不含质粒）进行原生质体融合试验．结果表明，在以３０％ＰＥＧ６００为助融剂，加２５ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＥＤＴＡ条件下，４０℃保温１ｍｉｎ，获得融合率为０．７６×１０－５的融合子．这些融合子具有双亲菌株的某些特征，其中２２％的融合子既含有质粒又产紫膜，这些融合子对于进一步研究质粒与紫膜的关系，以及筛选高产紫膜的优良菌株，均有十分重要的价值．     

Spectral,electron microscopic and chemical investigations of gamma-induced purple color zonings in amethyst crystals from the Dursunbey-Balıkesir region of Turkey

Amethyst crystals on matrix specimens from the Dursunbey-Bal?kesir region in Turkey have five representative purple color zonings: dark purple, light purple, lilac, orchid, and violet. The purple color zonings have been analyzed with optical absorption spectra in the visible wavelength region, chemical full trace element analyses (inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy), and scanning electron microscopic images with high magnification. It can be proposed that the production of the purple color in amethyst crystals is due to three dominant absorption bands centered at 375, 530, and 675 nm, respectively. In addition, the purple color zonings are also due to four minor absorption bands centered at 435, 480, 620, and 760 nm. X-ray diffraction graphics of the investigated amethyst crystals indicate that these crystals are composed of a nearly pure alpha-quartz phase and do not include any moganite silica phase and/or other mineral implications. Trace element analyses of the amethyst crystals show five representative purple color zonings, suggesting that the absorption bands can be mainly attributed to extrinsic defects (chemical impurities). However, another important factor that influences all structural defects in amethyst is likely to be the gamma irradiation that exists during amethyst crystallization and its inclusion in host materials. This gamma irradiation originates from the large underlying intrusive granitoid body in the region of amethyst formation. Irradiation modifies the valence values of the impurity elements in the amethyst crystals. It is observed that the violet-colored amethyst crystals have the most stable and the least reversible coloration when exposed to strong light sources. This situation can be related to the higher impurity content of Fe (2.50 ppm), Co (3.1 ppm), Ni (38 ppm), Cu (17.9 ppm), Zn (10 ppm), Zr (3.9 ppm), and Mo (21.8 ppm).     

紫薯中花青素的超声波提取工艺

花青素是允许使用的一类天然红色素、是以黄酮核为基础的糖甙,紫薯中的花青素具有较强耐热性和耐光性,稳定性好,抗突变性较强、抗氧化能力和活性氧消除能力很强,对动物的肝功能障碍具有缓解作用。从紫薯中提取花青素色素解决了以往工业生产葡萄、草莓原料生产季节性强、造价高等不足。目前,主要是以酸化乙醇在静置条件下加热浸提紫薯中的花青素,温度较高,时间较长。本文对超声波提取与冻结。融解法相结合,得出最佳的提取条件。     

高碘酸钾氧化溴甲酚紫动力学光度法测定间苯二酚

在碱性和沸水浴条件下,微量的间苯二酚对高碘酸钾氧化溴甲酚紫褪色的反应具有显著的促进作用,据此建立了测定间苯二酚的新动力学光度法。该方法测定间苯二酚的线性范围为0．10～5．0μg／mL,检出限为0．041μg／mL,对于2．0μg／mL的间苯二酚11次测定的相对标准偏差是1．94％。方法用于皮炎宁酊及水样中间苯二酚的测定,结果满意。     

离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的研究

报道了离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的方法. 考察了不同离心速率、不同离心时间的破乳效率. 试样以V(正己烷):V(乙酸乙酯)＝1:1提取, 经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5 (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离, μ-ECD检测器测定. 方法检出限为1.0×10-3 mg/kg (S/N=3). 在添标水平0.05、 0.25和0.50 mg/kg时的平均回收率为92.3%～104.3%, 相对标准偏差为6.9%～9.3%. 线性范围为0.02～1.0 mg/L (r2=0.9994). 方法适合黑米中残留抑霉唑的测定.     

Electrochemical Determination of Reduced Glutathione at Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Poly(bromocresol green)Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

A multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(bromocresol green) modfied glassy carbon electrode (MWNTs-PBG/GCE) was used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of reduced glutathione(GSH). GSH showed an irreversible oxidation process on MWNTs-PBG/GCE with an oxidation peak at 0.77 V(vs. SCE) in a phosphate buffer solution(pH=4.0). The kinetic parameters of the electrochemical behavior of GSH on MWNTs-PBG/GCE were calculated. Under the optimal conditions and with the help of amperometric method, a linear relationship was obtained between the oxidation peak current and GSH concentration in the range from 2×10–7 mol/L to 5×10–6 mol/L with the detection limit as 1×10–8 mol/L(signal-to-noise ratio of 3). The current reached the steady-state current within about 5 s. The modified electrode surface had very good reproducibility and stability.