DNA‐Templated Copper Nanoprobes: Overview,Feature, Application,and Current Development in Detection Technologies

Metal nanoprobes have recently attracted board research interestinr their application in establishing sensing systems due to their unique optical, electrical, physical, and chemical properties. In comparison to gold and silver nanoprobes, analytical platform based on copper nanoprobes (Cu‐NPs) is still in the early stages of development. In this review, we focus on single‐stranded, and double‐stranded DNA capped Cu‐NPs sensing systems which have been designed for various analytes, including metal ions, anions, small molecules, biomolecules (DNA, RNA, and protein, etc.). In addition, the application of Cu‐NPs in biological labeling or bio‐imaging platforms has also been introduced and summarized.     

贵金属多孔纳米结构的模板法制备及生物检测应用

贵金属多孔纳米材料是一类非常重要的新型多功能纳米材料,其具有独特的空心内部、多孔的外壁以及可调的形貌等,表现出优异的光、电、催化等特性。调制贵金属多孔纳米材料的尺寸、形状、排列和空间取向等对促进其在拉曼光谱、生物传感等方面的应用至关重要。模板法是利用与目标产物的纳米尺度特征相匹配的预制结构来指导纳米材料的合成,可以制备出其他方法难以制备的新型多孔纳米结构材料。基于模板的多样性,能够便捷的调节多孔贵金属的孔径、尺寸和组分,充分的开发贵金属纳米结构的特性。本文着重介绍了贵金属多孔纳米材料的类型和调控这些纳米结构的各种模板方法,分析了各种制备方法的优势和不足,并简要综述了贵金属多孔纳米结构在生物检测方面的一些应用进展。     

稀土纳米晶用于近红外区活体成像和传感研究进展

稀土纳米晶具有丰富的激发和发射波长,良好的化学和光稳定性、大Stokes位移等特点.近年来,稀土纳米晶在生物活体成像与传感领域的应用研究取得了迅速进展.通过纳米尺度的材料设计与合成,可以对稀土纳米晶的荧光效率、波长、寿命等光学性质,以及生物相容性、靶向性、响应性等生化性质进行精细调控,使其更好地适应于活体深组织的成像与分析.先概述活体荧光成像的技术特点与要求,然后介绍稀土纳米晶的一般组成、光学性质和荧光机理,随后详细讨论对稀土纳米晶光学和生化性质进行调控的方法,着重展示这些材料的设计和修饰在生物成像与传感领域的一些最新应用.通过总结最近的研究成果,期望能够为下一步的研究提供一些参考思路,以推进基于稀土纳米晶的生物成像与传感技术的临床转化和应用.     

Differential in situ sensing of extra- and intracellular glutathione by a novel redox-responsive silica matrix-Au nanoprobe

We synthesized a biothiol-sensitive nanoprobe by assembling gold nanoparticles with a novel redox-responsive silica (ReSi) matrix using dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate) and (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane. Thin layer disulfide-bonded networks of the ReSi could differentially respond to extra- and intracellular glutathione in cancer cells within 30 min; furthermore, targeted cellular uptake could be monitored in situ by fluorescence recovery. Sigmoidal dose–response pattern of the nanoprobes presented in this study were attributed to the buried disulfide-linked 3D nanostructure of the ReSi nanoshell, optimized at an appropriate thickness, enabling not only buffering of small redox disturbances in the extracellular milieu but also the satisfied sensitivity for rapid redox sensing. Such a ReSi-functionalized gold nanoparticle-based nanoconjugate possesses the potential to serve as an effective intracellular drug carrier for future cancer theranostics.