Anti-Fatigue Peptides from the Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Cervus elaphus Blood

Red deer (Cervus elaphus) blood is widely used as a health product. Mixed culture fermentation improves the flavor and bioavailability of deer blood (DB), and both DB and its enzymatic hydrolysates exhibit anti-fatigue activities in vivo. To elucidate the bioactive ingredients, enzymatic hydrolysates were fractioned into different peptide groups using reversed phase resin chromatography, and then evaluated using an exhaustive swimming mice model to assess swimming time and biochemical parameters. The structures of the bioactive peptides were elucidated by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass detection. Thirty-one compounds were identified as glutamine or branched-chain amino acids containing short peptides, of which Val-Ala-Asn, Val-Val-Ser-Ala, Leu(Ile)-Leu(Ile)-Val-Thr, Pro-His-Pro-Thr-Thr, Glu-Val-Ala-Phe and Val-Leu(Ile)-Asp-Ala-Phe are new peptides. The fractions containing glutamine or valine short peptides, Ala-Gln, Val-Gln, Val-Val-Ser-Ala, Val-Leu(Ile)-Ser improved exercise endurance by increasing hepatic glycogen (HG) storage. The peptides group containing Leu(Ile)-Leu(Ile), Asp-Gln, Phe- Leu(Ile), Val-Val-Tyr-Pro contributed to decreased muscle lactic acid (MLA)accumulation and to an increase in HG. The anti-fatigue activities of DB hydrolysates were attributed to the synergistic effects of different types of peptides.     

蒌叶乙醇提取物抗氧化及抗疲劳作用研究

以75%乙醇提取蒌叶提取物,运用鲁米诺化学发光体系测定提取物清除羟自由基的能力,并以小白鼠为研究对象,从运动耐力学和生化指标两方面,考察蒌叶乙醇提取物的抗疲劳活性。结果表明:蒌叶乙醇提取物对羟基自由基抑制的IC50为63.65μg·mL-1,其提取物能显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间,明显降低运动后血清尿素氮水平,具有降低小鼠运动后血乳酸曲线下面积的作用。蒌叶乙醇提取物具有抗氧化和缓解体力疲劳的作用,其提取物中抗氧化活性成分有较高的热和光稳定性。     

抗疲劳类保健品中非法添加药物的拉曼检测法

本文采用拉曼光谱方法研究抗疲劳类保健品中非法添加化学药物的快速筛查方法。该方法结合拉曼光谱初筛、光谱叠加分析和增强拉曼光谱以获取样品的特征拉曼信息,通过分析样品和化学药物的拉曼信息的匹配程度,判断抗疲劳类保健品中是否非法添加了化学药物。采用这种方法对北京公安在市场上抽样送检的上百种保健品进行了测试,检测的准确性大于95%,这表明拉曼光谱方法可用于快速筛查抗疲劳类保健品中是否非法添加药物。     

In Vivo Effect of Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles to Relieve Physical Fatigue for Sports Nutrition Supplements

Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural flavonoid polyphenol compound extracted from the plants which shows various biological activities. However, the clinical application of RSV is limited by its poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability. In this study, resveratrol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (RSV- SLNs) was design as a nano-antioxidant against the physical fatigue. The resultant RSV-SLNs were characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), transmission electron micrographs (TEM), zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy pattern. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-fatigue effect assays showed that RSV-SLNs prolonged the mice exhausted time and running distance. The biochemical parameters of blood related to fatigue suggested that RSV-SLNs have potential applications to improve the antioxidant defense of the mice after extensive exercise and confer anti-fatigue capability. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of antioxidant by RSV-SLNs supplementation was investigated through the analysis of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) protein expression, which demonstrated that it could downregulate the expression of SIRT1 and increase autophagy markers, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II) and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/p62). These results reveal that the RSV-SLNs may have great potential used as a novel anti-fatigue sports nutritional supplement.     

Structure analysis and anti-fatigue activity of a polysaccharide from Lepidium meyenii Walp

A polysaccharide was obtained from Lepidium meyenii Walp by hot water extraction and purification by Millipore (100 kD) and Sephadex G-200. The content of polysaccharide was examined to be 89.9% with phenol-sulfuric acid method. Its average molecular weight was estimated to be 2.213 × 10⁶ Da by High Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC). Monosaccharide analysis showed that the polysaccharide was composed of arabinose, mannose, glucose and galactose with the molar ratio of 2.134: 1: 2.78: 2.82. After Smith degradation, methylation, infrared spectroscopy and NMR, the primary structure of the polysaccharide was identified. The backbone of the polysaccharide was composed of →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ and →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, while the branches were comprised of →6)-β-D-Glup-(1→, →5)- β-D-Araf-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3)-α-D-Galp-(1→, and α-D-Glup-(1→. The anti-fatigue effect of the polysaccharide was evaluated using exhaustive swimming test and biochemical indexes. The results indicated the polysaccharide has anti-fatigue effect.