Use of a MDI-functionalized reactive polymer for the manufacture of modified bitumen with enhanced properties for roofing applications

In this study, the suitability of a reactive polymer, synthesized by reaction of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with a low molecular weight polyethylene-glycol (PEG), as a modifying agent for the manufacture of bitumen-based waterproof membranes, was evaluated. With that purpose, rheological and thermal analysis tests, and microstructural observations by AFM were carried out on different samples of modified bitumen having a MDI–PEG content ranging from 0 to 10 wt.%, cured at room temperature for a period of time within 0–30 days. The results obtained demonstrate that the addition of the reactive polymer proposed in this work to bitumen is very suitable at high in-service temperatures, because a noticeable increase in the values of viscosity, at 60 °C, of the resulting modified bitumen samples is observed on a time-scale of days. AFM observations, carried out at 50 °C, evidenced that the reactive polymer MDI–PEG leads to a new microstructure, displaying a higher level of stiffness. Therefore, this polymer should be seriously taken into consideration as a modifier of bituminous coatings for the waterproofing industry.     

西安市某辖区2～6岁儿童全血样品微量元素含量状况调查

摘要对西安市某辖区妇幼保健站及多家幼儿园920名2～6岁身体健康儿童的全血样品进行微量元素检测,统计得到该区域正常儿童微量元素的含量范围,为准确了解西安地区某区域2-6岁正常儿童体内微量元素正常含量提供了参考数据。     

Bitumen/polyethylene blends: using m-LLDPEs to improve stability and viscoelastic properties

The stability and the rheological properties of blends of a 60/70 penetration-grade bitumen with conventional HDPEs and metallocene catalysed LLDPEs (m-LLDPE) are investigated. Considerably better stability results are obtained using m-LLDPEs instead of conventional polyethylenes, allowing one to avoid phase separation of the emulsion-like system during storage at high temperature. Thermodynamical interaction between bitumen and polyethylene is discarded as a cause of the observed difference, because the solubility parameter is practically the same for all the investigated polyethylenes. The result is explained on the basis of the lower melt elasticity of m-LLDPEs (attributed to their narrow molecular weight distribution), which facilitates the drop breakup during mixing process. The modification of bitumen with any of the m-LLDPEs considered in this work gives a new material with considerably improved viscoelastic properties.     

在役老旧拱桥的极限承载力分析

在役老旧拱桥的承载力是人们关心的热点问题之一,某些桥梁随着使用年限的不断增加,拱肋以及其他结构部件变形甚至破坏,其承载能力削弱问题会变得尤为突出．以宁波市灵桥为例详细分析了其极限承载力,分析过程中考虑了材料和几何双重非线性,以及涉及到灵桥由于战争、船体碰撞、行车事故和其他意外事故引起的拱肋变形和扭曲情况．计算结果表明：拱肋面外的初始变形极大地削弱了灵桥的极限承载能力;要准确评估该桥的极限承载能力,必须考虑材料非线性和几何非线性的影响．     

Markierung von Humanserumalbumin mit 131J durch elektrochemische Oxydation von Jodid zum Jod

Es wird über eine Methode und deren optimale Bedingungen berichtet, die eine schnelle, schonende und fernbediente Markierung von Humanserumalbumin mit ¹³¹ J gestattet. Die Markierungsausbeuten, bezogen auf das eingesetzte Jod, sind gut reproduzierbar und liegen bei über 90%.     

低温循环老化航空锂离子电池热失控的爆炸危险性

鉴于全寿命周期内循环老化后航空锂离子电池热失控反应较新电池有显著差异,且低温环境对锂离子电池系统重大失效危险性影响更加贴近低空实际飞行场景,自主搭建了锂离子电池热失控及气体爆炸测试平台,采用锂离子电池的热失控时间、表面峰值温度和热失控超压及热失控气体的爆炸极限、压力及温度为关键参数,探讨低温（−10 ℃）循环老化对锂离子电池热失控爆炸危险性的影响。实验结果显示,常温循环老化锂离子电池较新电池热失控时间明显提前和电池安全阀开启到完全热失控的时间间隔明显增长,分别为559.86和122.56 s,且热失控气体爆炸下限升高30.95%,气体爆炸压力降低至258.6 kPa;低温环境因素则会使老化锂离子电池热失控的爆炸危险性发生显著变化,导致热失控时间提前至412.38 s,安全阀打开到完全热失控的时间间隔缩短至56.66 s,并使热失控气体爆炸下限降低20.49%,爆炸压力高达319.5 kPa。     

不同成因天然沥青的结构组成特征研究

利用液相色谱等仪器分析手段,较系统地研究了不同成因类型的天然沥青及模拟沥青样品,特别是其中的胶质、沥青质重组分,揭示了沥青结构组成中的成因信息。研究表明,不同成因的天然沥青具有各自特有的化学结构和组成,综合利用其结构组成特征能准确有效地判断天然沥青的成因类型,在其开发利用研究中具有重要的应用价值。