Effects of swimming associated with risedronate in osteopenic bones: An experimental study with ovariectomized rats

Physical activity and risedronate sodium have effects on metabolic bone diseases, maintaining the integrity of bone tissue. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of swimming associated with risedronate as a prophylactic means in osteopenic bone of ovariectomized rats. A total of 24 animals of the Wistar strain were used and separated into four groups containing six animals: Ovariectomy (OVX), ovariectomy and swimming (OVXS), ovariectomy and risedronate (OVXM), ovariectomy, risedronate and swimming (OVXMS). The effectiveness of the treatments were evaluated using the tibia by means of biomechanical, radiographic, histomorphometric analyzes. Statistical analysis was performed by the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05). The OVXM and OVXMS groups showed higher values ​​compared to OVX in maximum strength and rigidity. Microscopic analysis showed increased trabecular bone in the OVXM group in relation to the others, and in the OVXMS compared to OVXS. Proximal densitometry in the OVXM and OVXMS groups showed higher values than the OVX and OVXS groups. There were no significant differences in overall densitometry. In conclusion, when comparing the prophylactic means, risedronate was able to preserve bone mass significantly, unlike exercise where an improvement of bone tissue was observed, although not significant, and when swimming and risedronate are combined the result was even better.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定中药中有机氯农药残留量

建立了江西省两种中药中有机氯农药残留量的气相色谱分析方法。样品以丙酮提取,在NaCl存在下,以正已烷进行液—液分配,提取液用H2SO4净化,采用DB—1701毛细管柱,GC—ECD检测有机氯农药残留量。最低检测限为1.0×10-3-5.0×10-3mg/kg,添加回收率为85.7%-115.2%,应用于实际样品中有机氯农药残留量的检测,获得了较为满意结果。     

中药川白芷化学成分的研究

中药川白芷为伞形科当归属杭白芷 (Ａｎｇｅｌｉｃａｄａｈｕｒｉｃａ (Ｆｉｓｃｈ .ｅｘＨｏｆｆｍ .)Ｂｅｎｔｈ .ｅｔＨｏｏｋ .ｃｖｈａｎｇ ｂａｉｚｈｉＨｏｒｔ)的干燥根。川白芷为我国传统中药 ,主治头疼、鼻炎、癣症等疾病。现代药理实验表明白芷中所含的呋南香豆素具有平喘、降压、抗菌、解痉、光敏、活化交感系激素等多种药理作用[1] 。已有文献对白芷的化学成分进行了研究 ,发现白芷中主要含香豆素成分[2～ 4] 。四川遂宁产川白芷为道地白芷 ,其药性好 ,为进一步研究其活性成分 ,本文对遂宁产川白芷进行化学成分研究。共分离、…     

Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatographic–Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Essential Oils of Two Traditional Chinese Medicines, Angelica pubescens and Angelica sinensis

Angelica pubescens and Angelica sinensis belong to the Umbelliferae family and both are used as traditional Chinese medicines. In the present study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the analysis of the volatile constituents present in their roots. Eighty-seven compounds in Angelica pubescens and thirty-six compounds in Angelica sinensis were identified by GC-MS. Their relative contents were calculated by the peak area ratio. HS-SPME was compared to steam distillation (SD) by analyzing the volatile constituents of Angelica sinensis root. A good agreement between results obtained with both techniques was found. As a conclusion, HS-SPME is a powerful tool for determining the volatile constituents present in the TCMs.     

微乳液增敏光度法测定中草药中微量硒

研究了在非离子微乳液介质中,硫氰酸盐罗丹明B 明胶体系分光光度法测定微量硒的方法。实验表明,当微乳液组成为V(OP乳化剂) +V(正戊醇) +V(正庚烷) +V(水) =1 5 0 +0 1 1+0 41 +97 98时,体系的表观摩尔吸收系数达1 3 0 1×1 0 6 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,灵敏度比在OP溶液中有显著提高,使该法成为少有的超高灵敏度测定硒的光度法之一。Se (Ⅳ)含量在0～0 0 5 μg·mL- 1范围内符合比耳定律,对0 0 2 μg·mL- 1Se(Ⅳ)平行测定1 1次,测得相对标准偏差为0 945 %。应用于中草药中微量硒的测定结果令人满意     

毛细管电泳安培检测法在中草药分析中的应用

由于毛细管电泳安培检测法(CE-AD)具有高的分离效率和低的检测限的优势,现已在分析科学的各个领域,特别是在药物行业中得到广泛应用。中草药的研究在我国医药事业中占有重要的地位,采用CE-AD分离并检测中草药中有效成分对于促进中草药的药理药效研究及中草药的定量分析和质量监测等有重要意义。本文综述了CE-AD在中草药及中药复方制剂中有效成分分析中的应用,评述了该法与其他分离分析方法相比在中草药分析中的优越性,并对CE-AD在中草药分析中的发展进行了展望。     

Metabolomic-based investigation of Yinlan alleviating hyperlipidemia by inhibiting blood stasis and phlegm turbidity through the PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1-FXR pathway

Yinlan lipid regulatory capsule (YL) is a composite traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) new drug to alleviate hyperlipidemia, while its therapeutic mechanism in vivo was not clarified with nontargeted metabolomics investigation. An animal model was established in rats fed a high-fat diet, and their body weights, body mass index (BMI) and blood cholesterol levels were measured. Serum, liver and kidney tissue samples were also extracted for PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1-FXR signaling pathway research using PCR and UHPLC–MS. The obtained plasma samples were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS metabolomic investigation, which revealed PXR-CYP3A4-related metabolites and changes induced by YL. Finally, the key metabolites were chosen as index components, and their levels in the serum, liver, small intestine and bile were used for simultaneous UHPLC–MS-MS determination. The results indicated that YL was effective in rebalancing blood TG and TC levels (compared to controls). With respect to the PXR-CYP3A4-ABCB1 pathway, as a result of YL’s effect, gene expression or activity of the two targets decreased significantly in both the liver and kidney. The same trend was observed in the serum samples mentioned above. Metabolomics screening and data revealed that 44 metabolites can be regarded as biomarkers related to hyperlipidemia, fatty acids synthesis, and body energy consumption, as well as synthesis, transportation and exertion of cholesterol. YL’s treatment focused on 26 of them, primarily bile acids, indicating that the antihyperlipidemic effect of this drug lies in its inhibitory activity of cholesterol metabolism. Subsequent analysis of those in vivo components revealed that significant increases (compared to the model group) occurred in the blood, liver, small intestine and bile in groups that received medium and high doses of YL (while the low dose was relatively unchanged). Those target components exhibit a close relationship with PXR and/or CYP3A4. The use of YL repressed PXR expression and subsequently decreased CYP3A4 activity. As a result, synthesis of related bile acids increased, while cholesterol levels decreased, consequently leading to the attenuation of hyperlipidemia. This study comprehensively investigated the antihyperlipidemia mechanism of YL based on its repression of PXR-CYP3A4 activity and related metabolite yield, establishing an accurate method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of YL.     

微量元素与中医辩证分型

通过对两间小学639名学生进行微量元素检测及体格检查，并进行中医辩证分型，发现广州市部份小学生体内微量元素缺乏较严重，占体检总人数的62．3％，同时也存在营养不良，贫血、佝偻病，急慢性上呼吸道炎等、按中医辩证分型有肝热、脾气虚弱、肝血不足、肾气虚等，本文试从微量元素缺乏与中医辩证中找出两者之间的联系，以便于指导治疗，提高小学生的健康水平，增强体质和智力。     

毛细管色谱直接进样法测定白酒中高碳脂肪酸乙酯的研究

介绍了采用ＦＦＡＰ键合毛细管柱直接进样测定白酒中５种高碳脂肪酸乙酯的方法，操作简捷，定量准确，检测限低达０４ｍｇ／Ｌ。用该法测定了各种香型近９０个白酒样品。改变色谱条件后，在一次直接进样分析中除能测定高碳脂肪酸乙酯外，而且还能对白酒中醇、酯、醛、酮以及有机酸等５２种香味组分进行定量测定，结果重现性良好。     

中药配方颗粒红外光谱法的快速鉴别

采用红外光谱法对中药配方颗粒及其辅料进行了鉴别研究。结果表明：不同生产厂商的配方颗粒中所添加的辅料类型及用量有较大差别；不同种的配方颗粒在辅料含量较低的情况下有较明显的指纹性，而辅料含量较高时，采用差谱技术可以提高谱图的指纹性，达到中药配方颗粒--鉴别的目的。该法简便、快速、可靠，是中药配方颗粒宏观质控的一个强有力的手段。