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StudyoftheLaserLightEffectonImprovingSheepSemenQuality¥YUEWenbin;LIUWenzhong(DepartmentofAnimalShanxiAgricultutalUniversity,S... 相似文献
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G. Domairry Amin G. Davodi Arash G. Davodi 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2010,26(2):384-398
In this work, we implement some analytical techniques such as the Exp‐function, Tanh, and extended Tanh methods for solving nonlinear partial differential equation, which contains sine terms, its name Double Sine‐Gordon equation. These methods obtain exact solutions of different types of differential equations in engineering mathematics. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2010 相似文献
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Abstract Naturally produced methane shows different δ13C-values with respect to its origin, e.g., geological or biological. Methane-production of ruminants is considered to be the dominant source from the animal kingdom. Isotopic values of rumen methane—given in literature—range between ?80‰ and -50‰ and are related to feed composition and also sampling techniques. Keeping cows, camels and sheep under identical feed conditions and sampling rumen gases via implanted fistulae we compared δPDB 13C-values of methane and CO2 between the species. Referring to mean values obtained from 4 or 5 samples at different times of 11 animals (n = 47) we calculated δPDB 13C-medians resulting in small but not significant differences within and significant differences between the species for CO2 and methane. The δPDB 13C-differences between methane and CO2 were statistically equal within and also between the species. Therefore a linear regression of methane values on CO2 is appropriate and leads to: δPDB 13C(methane)‰ = 1,57 * δPDB 13C(CO2)‰-47‰ with a correlation coefficient of r = 0,87. 相似文献
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Sarah Greenfield Francisco Chiclana 《International Journal of Approximate Reasoning》2013,54(8):1013-1033
The work reported in this paper addresses the challenge of the efficient and accurate defuzzification of discretised interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The exhaustive method of defuzzification for type-2 fuzzy sets is extremely slow, owing to its enormous computational complexity. Several approximate methods have been devised in response to this bottleneck. In this paper we survey four alternative strategies for defuzzifying an interval type-2 fuzzy set: (1) The Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure, (2) the Wu–Mendel Approximation, (3) the Greenfield–Chiclana Collapsing Defuzzifier, and (4) the Nie–Tan Method.We evaluated the different methods experimentally for accuracy, by means of a comparative study using six representative test sets with varied characteristics, using the exhaustive method as the standard. A preliminary ranking of the methods was achieved using a multi-criteria decision making methodology based on the assignment of weights according to performance. The ranking produced, in order of decreasing accuracy, is (1) the Collapsing Defuzzifier, (2) the Nie–Tan Method, (3) the Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure, and (4) the Wu–Mendel Approximation.Following that, a more rigorous analysis was undertaken by means of the Wilcoxon Nonparametric Test, in order to validate the preliminary test conclusions. It was found that there was no evidence of a significant difference between the accuracy of the Collapsing and Nie–Tan Methods, and between that of the Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure and the Wu–Mendel Approximation. However, there was evidence to suggest that the collapsing and Nie–Tan Methods are more accurate than the Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure and the Wu–Mendel Approximation.In relation to efficiency, each method’s computational complexity was analysed, resulting in a ranking (from least computationally complex to most computationally complex) as follows: (1) the Nie–Tan Method, (2) the Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure (lowest complexity possible), (3) the Greenfield–Chiclana Collapsing Defuzzifier, (4) the Karnik–Mendel Iterative Procedure (highest complexity possible), and (5) the Wu–Mendel Approximation. 相似文献
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Five hybridomas stably secreting monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) to androstenedione were prepared by using artificially synthesized androstenedione-11α-succinyl conjugate with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as antigen. These McAbs showed slightly high cross-reactivity with testosterone (8.1—12.3%) and estrone (0.8—2.5%) and high affinities ranging from 2.0×10~7 to 2.8×10~8 L/M. They were all of the IgG_1 subclass. Xinjiang finewool ewes which were passively immunized with McAbs had higher circulating levels of progesterone (P) and luteinizing hormone (LH) than those of control ewes in two oestrous cycles and these changes led to increased ovulation rate and twin lambs born in young ewes. 相似文献
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M. Bär J. Leonhardt G. Flachowsky A. Hennig I. Wolf K. Nehring 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(10):339-340
In der Welt fallen jährlich ca. 2 Milliarden t Getreidestroh an, die nur partiell für die Fütterung genutzt werden, weil seine Verdaulichkeit gering ist. Durch verschiedene chemische und physikalische Methoden ist seit den neunziger Jahren des vorigen Jahrhunderts versucht worden, die Verdaulichkeit des Strohs zu erhöhen (Übersicht Flachowsky [1]). 1962 berichteten Pritchard u. a. [2] über den Aufschlußeffekt von Gamma-Strablen bei Stroh. 相似文献
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目的对痰热清药品不良反应监测报告的结果进行分析,为临床合理用药提供参考依据。方法对赣州市妇幼保健院2012—2014年使用痰热清后出现不良反应的288例患者进行分类统计,分析患者性别、年龄、联合用药情况、用药观察时间与不良反应的发生率和临床症状的关联性。结果在所有不良反应患者当中,男性患者占55.56%,女性患者占44.44%,年龄小于10岁占38.9%,年龄大于60岁占33.3%。在联用药物中,抗菌药的不良反应发生率占90%以上。用药后30 min内出现的不良反应占50%,用药后1 d内出现不良反应占22.2%;不良反应症状中,过敏反应占33.3%。结论痰热清的不良反应与患者的年龄、性别和联合用药情况有关,且发生时间多集中在30 min以内。不良反应的临床症状以过敏反应为主。 相似文献
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Sheep on the island of North Ronaldsay (Orkney, UK) feed mostly on seaweed, which contains high concentrations of dimethylated arsenoribosides. Wool of these sheep contains dimethylated, monomethylated and inorganic arsenic, in addition to unidentified arsenic species in unbound and complexed form. Chromatographic techniques using different separation mechanisms and detectors enabled us to identify five arsenic species in water extracts of wool. The wool contained 5.2 ± 2.3 µg arsenic per gram wool. About 80% of the arsenic in wool was extracted by boiling the wool with water. The main species is dimethylarsenic, which accounted for about 75 to 85%, monomethylated arsenic at about 5% and the rest is inorganic arsenic. Depending on the separation method and condition, the chromatographic recovery of arsenic species was between 45% for the anion exchange column, 68% for the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and 82% for the cation exchange column. The SEC revealed the occurrence of two unknown arsenic compounds, of which one was probably a high molecular mass species. Since chromatographic recovery can be improved by either treating the extract with CuCl/HCl (CAT: 90%) or longer storage of the sample (CAT: 105%), in particular for methylated arsenic species, it can be assumed that labile arsenic–protein‐like coordination species occur in the extract, which cannot be speciated with conventional chromatographic methods. It is clear from our study of sheep wool that there can be different kinds of ‘hidden’ arsenic in biological matrices, depending on the extraction, separation and detection methods used. Hidden species can be defined as species that are not recordable by the detection system, not extractable or do not elute from chromatographic columns. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Kilia V Skandalis SS Theocharis AD Theocharis DA Karamanos NK Papageorgakopoulou N 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2008,22(9):931-938
Recent advances in the structural biology of chondroitin sulfate chains have suggested important biological functions in the development of the brain. Several studies have demonstrated that the composition of chondroitin sulfate chains changes with aging and normal brain maturation. In this study, we determined the concentration of all glycosaminoglycan types, i.e. chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparan sulfate, hyaluronan and chondroitin in cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem of young sheep brain. In all cases, chondroitin sulfate was the predominant glycosaminoglycan type, comprising about 54-58% of total glycosaminoglycans, with hyaluronan being present also in significant amounts of about 19-28%. Of particular interest was the increased presence of the disulfated disaccharides and dermatan sulfate in cerebellum and brainstem, respectively, as well as the detectable and measurable occurrence of chondroitin in young sheep brain. Among the three brain areas, cerebrum was found to be significantly richer in chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronan, two major extracellular matrix components. These findings imply that the extracellular matrix of the cerebrum is different from those of cerebellum and brainstem, and probably this fact is related to the particular histological and functional characteristics of each anatomic area of the brain. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献