721型分光光度计故障分析和维修

本文主要介绍了７２１型分光光度计所发生的一些故障现象和排除故障时分析，判断及检查结果。     

对杂散光测试材料要求的探讨

从分光光度计杂散光测试原理出发,对我国目前在用的几种杂散光测试材料特性进行了分析。通过实验验证,指出了其中的不合理处,并提出了对杂散光测试材料特性的基本要求。 ,     

Nafion-PAN optical chemical sensor: optimization by FIA

A copper-sensitive optical chemical sensor (optrode) is described. The optrode is based on a Nafion membrane and an immobilized organic ligand coupled with a flow injection (FI) system. The FI system includes a flow-through removable measuring cell and a simple spectrophotometer. Owing to the miniature size of the system and the efficient use of optical fibers, this optrode is well suited for monitoring environmental water samples. The success of the described optrode system depends on the effectiveness of the FI reagent delivery system. Optimum contact time with the membrane (as determined by the reagent flow rates) and the injected sample volume are critical. Environmental water samples were analyzed for copper content using the optimized optrode system. To validate the optrode's performance, the same water samples were analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer.     

Comparison of purge and trap GC/MS and spectrophotometry for monitoring petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in oilfield produced waters

Results of using a field spectrophotometer and its appropriate protocols as a surrogate method for an oilfield produced water treatment process is presented. Methylene chloride extractions of the produced water before and after treatment maintained a yellow color pigment that was directly proportional to the hydrocarbon concentration. From this, an absorption spectrum and standard curve were developed. A resultant linear plot of the standard curve indicated that there is an excellent correlation (r²=0.9847) between the varying concentrations and the associated absorbance values at a wavelength of 400 nm. Total n-alkane concentration comparisons between the laboratory GC/MS analysis and the spectrophotometry analysis generated data of similar accuracy and precision at concentrations ranging from 1 to 137 mg/l (alpha=0.05). Linear comparisons between GC/MS and spectrophotometric coefficients were near unity, with the constant being near zero, with a correlation coefficient (r²) of 0.99. Based on this study, spectrophotometry is a complimentary method to GC/MS for determining total n-alkane concentrations in oilfield produced water samples.     

Trace Spectrophotometric Determination of Dichlorvos using Diphenyl Semicarbazide (DPC) in Environmental and Agricultural Samples

A new and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method is developed for the determination of sub ppm levels of the widely used organophosphorus insecticide dichlorvos. The method is based on alkaline hydrolysis of dichlorvos to dichloroacetaldehyde followed by coupling with diphenyl semicarbazide (DPC) in alkaline medium. The absorption maxima of the wine red dye compound formed is measured at 490 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 4.3 to 34 μg in a final solution volume of 25 mL (0.18–1.36 ppm). The molar absorptivity, Sandell's sensitivity and correlation coefficient were found to be 2.9 × 10⁵ l mole^?1 cm^?1, 0.013 μg cm^?2 and 0.9999, respectively. The standard deviation and relative standard deviation were found to be ± 0.007 and 1.90%, respectively. The lower limit of detection is 0.04 μg. The method is simple, sensitive and free from interferences of other pesticides and diverse ions. Other organophosphorous pesticides do not interfere with the proposed method. The method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of dichlorvos in environmental and agricultural samples.     

费菜不同部位原花色素含量分析

以儿茶素为标准对照品,使用香草醛/硫酸比色法和超微量微孔板分光光度计在500nm波长下测定并比较费菜根、茎、叶和果4个部位原花色素含量.结果表明：费菜中原花色素含量较高,不同部位差异较大,其中,根中含量为1.7％,茎中含量为0.29％,叶中含量为1.4％,果实中含量为1.2％,不同部位原花色素含量根＞叶＞果＞茎;叶片作为费菜主要的食用部位,原花色素含量较高,具有较好的营养价值.     

用分光光度法研究非晶硅薄膜的光学性质

提出了一种测量薄膜透射光谱的方法.该方法用自制的夹具改进了分光光度计,保证了在测量大小不同的样品时参考光的强度和入射到待测样品上光的强度相同.利用改进后的分光光度计测量了沉积在玻璃衬底上非晶硅薄膜的透射光谱,并对透射光谱进行了拟合和计算,确定出非晶硅薄膜的光学常量和厚度.     

基于实时双光路校正的分光测色仪优化设计

设计了一种基于实时双光路校准的分光测色仪结构,在现有双光路设计中加入校准光源对主光路和辅助光路进行实时双光路校准.构建算法对由温度变化引起的传感器响应效率变化进行修正,并设计实验在不同温度下对仪器采样稳定性进行评价.实验表明,采用了实时双光路校正仪器的工作温度从10℃变化至30℃后,测量数据稳定性标准偏差小于等于0.03,最大偏差小于等于0.04,相对于现有技术方案有显著改善.     

721型分光光度计灯电源电路和稳压电路故障维修

介绍了７２１型分光光度计,灯电源电路和稳压电路故障现象,分析了故障产生的原因,提供了排除故障办法,对该仪器维修提供了借鉴的经验。     

测色分光光度计的双光束分光系统设计

通常测色分光光度计均由两个独立且完全相同的分光系统组成,为实现测色分光光度计小型化、轻量化,提出一种双光束分光系统设计。将传统的分光系统进行改进,使一个分光系统实现双光束分光系统的功能,用两个小狭缝代替一个狭缝,即可实现两束光谱同时探测。分析了双光束分光系统的工作原理及设计要求,设计了一个用于便携式测色分光光度计的分光系统。设计的Czerny-Turner结构双光束分光系统采用超环面成像镜,可以较好的校正像散,防止两束光谱串扰,两束光谱在探测器上完全没有重叠,光谱分辨率小于10 nm,谱面长度9.12 mm,体积仅为57 mm×54 mm×23 mm,满足设计指标要求。通过与相同设计指标的单光束分光系统比较得出,采用双光束分光系统的改进型测色分光光度计比传统的测色分光光度计减少了一整套分光系统,从而使体积大幅缩小。该方法特别适用于便携式测色分光光度计,也可适用于其他双光束分光光度计。