SELECTIVE ALKYLATION/ACYLATION OF DI- OR TRIANIONS: EXPEDITIOUS DERIVATIZATION OF ENDOTHELIN ANTAGONISTS[1]

ABSTRACT

Sitaxsentan sodium (1, TBC11251Na) is an ET_A selective endothelin antagonist under clinical development for pulmonary arterial hypertension and congestive heart failure. Second generation compounds, as exemplified by TBC2576 (2) are currently under development in our laboratories. To rapidly access analogs of 1 and 2, a route was developed for the selective alkylation or acylation of the corresponding di- or trianions derived from these two highly functionalized compounds. We report here on this straightforward, yet effective, procedure consisting of treating the di- or trianions with an excess amount of electrophiles, followed by a rapid quench. In this manner, selective alkylation or acylation of 1 and 2 was achieved with satisfactory yields.     

Sitaxsentan钠盐的合成

用4-甲基-邻苯二酚(1)与二氯甲烷(2)反应生成5-甲基-苯骈[d][1,3]二氧杂戊烯(3),氯甲基化生成5-氯甲基-6-甲基-苯骈[d][1,3]二氧杂戊烯(5),与镁(6)制得格氏试剂(7);N-甲氧基-N-甲基-3-[(4-氯-3-甲基-5-异恶唑基)-磺酰胺基]-2-噻吩甲酰胺(Weinreb酰胺)(8)与格氏试剂(7)反应得到Sitaxsentan(9),收率为52.6%,经饱和碳酸氢钠溶液处理得Sitaxsentan钠盐(10),收率为54.2%,产物经核磁共振分析证明,结构正确。实验表明,合成化合物3时,合适的反应温度为100℃,四丁基氯化铵作催化剂促进反应完全进行;合成化合物5时,用四丁基氯化铵代替四丁基溴化铵做催化剂,避免了副产物的生成;合成化合物9和化合物10时,改变原料摩尔比及反应顺序有效地缩短了反应时间,降低了生产成本。