全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3123篇 |
免费 | 128篇 |
国内免费 | 168篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2381篇 |
晶体学 | 32篇 |
力学 | 208篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
数学 | 564篇 |
物理学 | 201篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 51篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 58篇 |
2019年 | 60篇 |
2018年 | 57篇 |
2017年 | 88篇 |
2016年 | 89篇 |
2015年 | 75篇 |
2014年 | 110篇 |
2013年 | 165篇 |
2012年 | 156篇 |
2011年 | 185篇 |
2010年 | 174篇 |
2009年 | 174篇 |
2008年 | 130篇 |
2007年 | 151篇 |
2006年 | 163篇 |
2005年 | 142篇 |
2004年 | 121篇 |
2003年 | 100篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 103篇 |
1999年 | 65篇 |
1998年 | 75篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 61篇 |
1995年 | 68篇 |
1994年 | 51篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 40篇 |
1983年 | 28篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3419条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
D3h‐Symmetric Porphyrin‐Based Rigid Macrocyclic Ligands for Multicofacial Multinuclear Complexes in a One‐Nanometer‐Sized Cavity
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Yohei Ohkoda Akane Asaishi Tomoya Namiki Tomoaki Hashimoto Midori Yamada Koichiro Shirai Yuta Katagami Dr. Tomoaki Sugaya Prof. Makoto Tadokoro Prof. Akiharu Satake 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(33):11745-11756
The one‐step synthesis of D3h‐symmetric cyclic porphyrin trimers 1 composed of three 2,2′‐[4,4′‐bis(methoxycarbonyl)]bipyridyl moieties and three porphyrinatozinc moieties was achieved from a nickel‐mediated reductive coupling of meso‐5,15‐bis(6‐chloro‐4‐methoxycarbonylpyrid‐2‐yl)porphyrinatozinc. Although cyclic trimers 1 were obtained as a mixture that included other cyclic and acyclic porphyrin oligomers, an extremely specific separation was observed only for cyclic trimers 1 when using columns of silica gel modified with pyrenylethyl, cyanopropyl, and other groups. Structural analysis of cyclic trimers 1 was carried out by means of NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. Treatment of an η3‐allylpalladium complex with a cyclic trimer gave a tris(palladium) complex containing three η3‐allylpalladium groups inside the space, which indicated that the bipyridyl moieties inside the ring could work as bidentate metalloligands. 相似文献
2.
超尺寸物品装箱问题及其算法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文探讨一类新装箱问题-超尺寸物品装箱问题。针对实际解决该问题的两涉法,我们提出了一个评价效率更高的目标函数,证明了在此目标函数下两步法的渐近最坏比不小于2,并给出了渐近量坏比与拆分次数的关系。最后本文提出了一种不同于两步法的新在线算法MA,证明了在新目标函数下其渐近最坏比不超过7/4。 相似文献
3.
U型管内液柱振动的演示实验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
根据实验结果,分析了影响U型管中液柱振动的各种因素,给出了获得好的演示效果的改进措施. 相似文献
4.
Biosorption of Chromium(III) by Biomass of Seaweed Sargassum sp. in a Fixed-Bed Column 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Eneida Sala Cossich Edson Antonio da Silva Célia Regina Granhen Tavares Lúcio Cardozo Filho Teresa Massako Kakuta Ravagnani 《Adsorption》2004,10(2):129-138
This work aimed at modeling chromium biosorption using the biomass of seaweed Sargassum sp. in a fixed-bed column. The mathematical model used was obtained from the mass balance of the component in the liquid phase and in the biosorbent material. The effects of both axial dispersion in the column and the resistance to mass transfer in the solid were considered for the solution of the partial differential equations of the model, using the Galerkin method on finite elements. To represent the equilibrium data of the batch system the Langmuir isotherm were used. The chromium ion adsorption capacity of the seaweed Sargassum sp., at a temperature of 30°C and pH 3.5, was 2.61 mmol/g. The model performance was evaluated from experimental data obtained at 30°C for flow rates of 2, 6 and 8 mL/min. The parameters of the model, mass transfer and axial dispersion coefficients, were adjusted from these experimental data. The model proved adequate to describe chromium biosorption dynamics in fixed-bed columns. 相似文献
5.
Alvim Adriana C.F. Ribeiro Celso C. Glover Fred Aloise Dario J. 《Journal of Heuristics》2004,10(2):205-229
We propose in this work a hybrid improvement procedure for the bin packing problem. This heuristic has several features: the use of lower bounding strategies; the generation of initial solutions by reference to the dual min-max problem; the use of load redistribution based on dominance, differencing, and unbalancing; and the inclusion of an improvement process utilizing tabu search. Encouraging results have been obtained for a very wide range of benchmark instances, illustrating the robustness of the algorithm. The hybrid improvement procedure compares favourably with all other heuristics in the literature. It improved the best known solutions for many of the benchmark instances and found the largest number of optimal solutions with respect to the other available approximate algorithms. 相似文献
6.
The content of residual monomers is one of the most important characteristics of polymer dispersions. As a result of the similar physicochemical parameters of ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, it is very difficult to determine the residual monomers in acrylate dispersions obtained by emulsion polymerization of both monomers. Gas chromatography with capillary columns, however, permits separation of these monomers and their quantitative determination in acrylate dispersions. 相似文献
7.
YIN JIANXING 《高校应用数学学报(英文版)》1994,(4)
PACKINGPAIRSBYQUINTUPLES:THECASEOFZEROCONGRUENCEMOD4YINJIANXINGAbstract:LetD(v)denotethemaximumnumberofquintuplesofav-setofpo... 相似文献
8.
Dmitry I. Belov Ronald D. Armstrong 《Computational Optimization and Applications》2006,33(2-3):319-332
This paper introduces a novel approach for extracting the maximum number of non-overlapping test forms from a large collection
of overlapping test sections assembled from a given item bank. The approach involves solving maximum set packing problems
(MSPs). A branch-and-bound MSP algorithm is developed along with techniques adapted from constraint programming to estimate
lower and upper bounds on the optimal MSP solution. The algorithm is general and can be applied in other applications including
combinatorial auctions. The results of computer simulations and experiments with an operational item bank are presented.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
9.
Packing two disks into a polygonal environment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We consider the following problem. Given a polygon P, possibly with holes, and having n vertices, compute a pair of equal radius disks that do not intersect each other, are contained in P, and whose radius is maximized. Our main result is a simple randomized algorithm whose expected running time, on any input, is O(nlogn). This is optimal in the algebraic decision tree model of computation. 相似文献
10.
探讨了Z^d中离散填充指标的一些性质,给出了Z^d中离散填充维数的一个等价定义. 相似文献