A new semiconducting organic-inorganic nanocomposite, 1,5-diaminonphthalene-saponite intercalation compound

We synthesized a new intercalation compound, 1,5-diaminonaphathalene(DAN)-saponite where intercalated DAN molecules were shown to have a formal charge of +0.67 The measurement of optical diffuse reflectance spectra revealed the formation of electronic bands with a gap of ca. 1 eV suggesting semiconducting behaviour of this system. From ESR measurements, the radical formation in DAN-saponite was confirmed and the spin concentration was determined to be 1 spin per 200 and 300 DAN-molecules at 290 and 7.9 K, respectively. This temperature dependence of the spin density also implies the semiconductive nature of DAN-saponite.     

铝交联皂石的合成和表征及催化性能

用XRD、化学分析、IR、MASNMR、TPD等手段表征了合成皂石及其铝交联物的结构。结果表明:皂石的交联密度与四面体层电荷和交联条件(Al/土比)有关。在乙醇氨化反应中,交联皂石显示了较好的催化活性和选择性。皂石的交联密度与液相产物分布的关系表明层柱材料对此反应具有择形催化作用。醇氨化反应可能是在吸附态NH_3和气相醇分子间进行的。     

Structure and Catalytic Behaviour of Saponite and Its Cross-Linking Product

Synthetic saponites have been intercalated with hydroxyl aluminium oligomers and characterized with several techniques. The basal 001 peak of the pillared saponite (PS) is 1. 8 nm. The amount of the aluminium in the tctrahedral sheet is correlative with cross-linking density. The sheet-to-pillar linkage mode may be Si-O-AlpⅥ. The acid sites in pillared saponite may locate either at surface of clay or at that of pillar. The cumene conversion is relative to accessible acid sites on the surface of PS. The pillar density in the PS has an effect on the pore structure which is correlative with shape selectivity during the reaction between ethanol and ammonia.     

含铁镍皂石的合成与交联的研究

用水热法合成出铁皂石和铁镍皂石,用羟基铝作交联剂制备了交联粘土.经XRD、DTA、IR、TPR、Mssbauer谱和化学分析表征,证明铁进入了粘土层骨架,铝交联可能作用在四面体铁上.形成Al_p-O-Fe键.     

皂石的合成、表征及其催化性能

用水热法合成了皂石,并用羟基铝低聚物与其交联制得AICLS。用XRD、~(27)Al和~(29)Si MASNMR及吡啶吸附量表征其晶相、结构和表面酸性。合成产物的结晶度很高。皂石中T—O—T片内四面体层上铝量可由合成条件控制,表明交联密度的柱间距与铝量有关。在异丙苯裂解反应中,AICLS的活性高于皂石,但活性衰减较慢;样品的催化裂化活性与探针分子可抵达的强酸中心数有关。     

聚乳酸/壳聚糖季铵盐皂石纳米复合材料的原位插层聚合及性能表征

通过两步法将2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵接枝壳聚糖合成了水溶性壳聚糖季铵盐(HTCC),以其为插层剂对稀有的新疆皂石(Saponite)黏土矿物进行有机改性,制备了壳聚糖季铵盐皂石(HTCC-saponite),并以其为助剂,以丙交酯为单体,通过原位插层聚合法制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/HTCC-saponite纳米复合材料.最优化合成条件:聚合反应温度150℃,辛酸亚锡加量2%(质量分数),HTCC-saponite加量1%(质量分数)、聚合反应时间16 h.微观结构分析表明HTCC-saponite具有插层与剥离共存的结构.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析(TG-DTG)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等对PLA/HTCC-saponite纳米复合材料的微观结构、形貌及热稳定性进行了表征和分析.结果表明,HTCC-saponite有效改善了PLA的结晶性能,提高PLA的热稳定性.抗菌测试结果表明,HTCC-saponite具有良好的抗菌性,并赋予PLA/HTCC-saponite复合材料较强的抑菌能力.     

青海兴海上新世砂岩中膨胀性粘土矿物种属的厘定及光谱学特征

利用X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外吸收光谱(FTIR)深入研究了青海羊曲剖面砂岩中膨胀性粘土矿物的具体种属和光谱学特征。XRD结果表明,砂岩中粘土矿物以膨胀性粘土矿物为主,含量在97 %以上。样品006面网在1.534  和1.498 均存在明显的衍射峰,表明可能同时含有二八面体和三八面体结构膨胀性粘土矿物。进一步的Li+-300 ℃加热后甘油饱和实验结果显示,大部分样品膨胀性粘土矿物001衍射峰塌陷至9.3～9.9,少数样品膨胀至 ～18 ,表明膨胀性粘土矿物以蒙皂石为主,部分样品含少量皂石。蒙皂石由于部分Li+进入八面体层间,平衡了由于Mg替代Al造成的电价不平衡,从而使得蒙皂石不膨胀。FTIR结果表明,膨胀性粘土矿物同时含有吸附水和结构水,与X射线衍射结果一致。样品在913和842 cm-1出现吸收峰,表明膨胀性粘土矿物八面体层间以Al—Al和Al—Mg为主;部分样品含有Al—Fe(吸收谱峰880 cm-1),指示其为二八面体结构。膨胀性粘土矿物中同时含有Si—O以及Al—O—Si振动峰,表明四面体只有部分Al取代Si。XRD和FTIR均指示研究样品与贝得石和绿脱石有不一样的光谱学特征,而与蒙皂石极为吻合。本研究能有效对膨胀性粘土矿物具体种属进行厘定,对粘土矿物学揭示沉积物物源和气候环境信息具有重要的作用。     

傅里叶红外光谱在微波水热合成镁皂石中的应用研究

微波水热法在不同压力(1×105, 5×105, 1.5×106, 2.5×106, 3.5×106 Pa)条件下合成得到的皂石矿物进行了傅里叶红外光谱研究。结果显示,低频振动(归属于Si—O—Mg)强度和峰形对于合成条件变化非常敏感。特别是归属于Si—O—Mg弯曲振动模式的吸收强度随着合成压力的增加有了明显的增强。随微波水热合成压力的提高,Si(Al)—O伸缩振动频率红移清晰地反映了层状材料片层结构大小,揭示了硅氧四面体层铝取代量的多少,可以作为分析合成皂石样品结晶度的一个简单而有效的指示性参数。此外,对微波水热法合成皂石还进行了SEM和XRD表征。     

Highly fluorescent colloids based on rhodamine 6G, modified layered silicate, and organic solvent

Synthetic layered silicate saponite was modified with dodecyltrimethylammonium (C12), octadecyltrimethylammonium (C18), and dioctadecyldimethylammonium (2C18) cations for use as sorbents of the laser dye, rhodamine 6G (R6G). Via solvent exchange, transparent colloids in xylene were prepared and investigated using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Molecular aggregation and partial quenching of the fluorescence were observed for the colloids based on 2C18 cations. Maximal fluorescence yields were observed for the colloids with C12 and C18 cations. Transparent gels without an apparent loss of luminescent efficiency could be prepared by concentrating the colloids. These highly fluorescent colloids and gels represent new types of materials with interesting optical properties.