由Mg-Fe(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅲ)LDH层状前体制备MgFe2O4尖晶石的研究

提出了一种由层状前体合成单一晶相镁铁尖晶石的新方法，首先对Mg-Fe(Ⅱ)- Fe(Ⅲ)水滑石的制备进行了系统研究，成功合成了Mg^2+/Fe^2+/Fe^3+摩尔比分别 为1／2／1，4／5／3，2／1／1的系列水滑石层状前体，结果表明在以上三种投料 比下均可制备出晶型较好的水滑石层状前体，并探讨了合成条件对晶体结构的影响 规律。在此基础上，利用X射线衍射、振动样品磁强计和穆斯堡尔谱等手段研究了 层状前体焙烧产物的结构、组成、磁性及微观信息，研究表明当 Mg^2+/Fe^2+/Fe^3+投料摩尔比为2／1／1时，焙烧层状前体可得到晶相单一的尖晶 石型铁氧体。     

掺杂Y^3+的锂锰尖晶石的合成及其电化学性能研究

采用流变相反应法合成了掺杂稀土钇离子的锂锰尖晶石LiYxMn2-xO4，并对其 结构和电化学性能进行了初步研究。结果表明，当掺入的Y^3+的含量较低（x≤0. 02)时，得到的产物能保持完整的尖晶石结构，并表现出极佳的电化学性能。Y^3+ 的掺入使材料的循环稳定性能大幅度提高，而这种提高是源于Y^3+对尖晶石结构的 稳定作用。电极材料LiY0.02Mn1.98O4显示了最优的电化学性能，在0.2℃放电速率 下，其初始放电容量为118mA·h·g^-1，100次循环后仍能保持初始容量的98％。     

铁酸盐催化剂上乙醇的催化燃烧

用共沉淀法制备了N i,Co,Cu等的铁酸盐复合氧化物催化剂,并采用XRD、IR等手段对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明具有尖晶石结构的CuFe2O4复合氧化物催化剂对乙醇催化燃烧反应具有较高活性和选择性,Co部分掺杂的CuFe2O4其活性和选择性有所提高,乙醇可在约229℃达到完全转化,燃烧产物中没有发现乙醛副产物.     

Hydrothermal preparation of CuO-ZnAl<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> catalyst for phenol <Emphasis Type="Italic">ortho</Emphasis>-alkylation with methanol: effect of the calcination temperature on the catalytic performance

The effect of heat-treatment on 10 wt% CuO-ZnAl₂O₄ catalytic activity in methylation of phenol and the degree of interaction of CuO active phase with support spinel phase were investigated. The CuO-ZnAl₂O₄ sample was subjected to heat-treatment up to 1000°C. The thermal products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption at -196°C and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD-MS) of CO₂. Additionally, the reducibility of copper phases was investigated by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). XRD patterns of the fresh catalyst sample (calcined at 600°C) indicated the presence of a mixture of poorly crystallized CuO and ZnAl₂O₄ spinel phase. The presence of two reducible copper species has been found on fresh CuO-ZnAl₂O₄ catalyst by TPR analysis. After subsequent calcinations in air at elevated temperatures some CuO disappeared with appearance of CuAl₂O₄ phase. The catalytic results revealed that the CuO addition to ZnAl₂O₄ increases the activity in ortho-methylation of phenol. Subsequent heat-treatment up to 900°C causes partial deactivation of copper centers, which is the result of transformation of CuO to the inactive CuAl₂O₄ phase.