A modular integer GCD algorithm

This paper describes the first algorithm to compute the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two n-bit integers using a modular representation for intermediate values U, V and also for the result. It is based on a reduction step, similar to one used in the accelerated algorithm [T. Jebelean, A generalization of the binary GCD algorithm, in: ISSAC '93: International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, Kiev, Ukraine, 1993, pp. 111–116; K. Weber, The accelerated integer GCD algorithm, ACM Trans. Math. Softw. 21 (1995) 111–122] when U and V are close to the same size, that replaces U by (U−bV)/p, where p is one of the prime moduli and b is the unique integer in the interval (−p/2,p/2) such that . When the algorithm is executed on a bit common CRCW PRAM with O(nlognlogloglogn) processors, it takes O(n) time in the worst case. A heuristic model of the average case yields O(n/logn) time on the same number of processors.     

基于改进遗传算法的布局优化子问题

本针对子问题，构造了布局子问题(关于同构布局等价类)的改进遗传算法。将该算法应用于二维布局优化子问题，数值实验表明该算法能够在很好地保持图元的邻接关系的前提下找到子问题的最优解。由于布局优化问题可分解为有限个子问题，所以利用该算法可以找到整个布局优化问题的全局最优解。     

基于指数分布的进化策略

典型的进化策略受自然进化过程的启发而成为求解全局优化问题的重要方法。传统的ES变异算子作为一个主要的进化技术是建立在正态分布的随机变量基础上的，本文提出了基于指数分布的进化策略由于采用了新的变异算子有效地减少了产生探试解的成本，从而优于传统的进化策略。     

花生中多菌灵残留量的高效液相色谱分析方法的研究

建立了测定花生中多菌灵残留量的高效液相色谱法，以乙酸乙酯提取，乙腈萃取分离，石油醚去酯，乙醇＋水（４＋１）沉淀蛋白质，在Ｒａｄｉｌ＿ＰａｋＣ１８柱上，甲醇＋水（５５＋４５）为流动相，采用外标法进行定量检测，相对标准偏差为０１８％，回收率在８００％～９８０％，最低检测限为０２ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Capillary gas chromatography of pesticide residues in foods: Application of a split/splitless inlet system

Residue mixtures of pesticides in foods which were difficult to separate by packed-column gas chromatography were determined by capillary gas chromatography and electron capture detection. Manual injections of sample and reference standard were made with a 10 μL syringe on a septum-enclosed, split/ splitless inlet system. Optimal peak height repeatability (± 3%( was achieved with three-μL injections which were made within time periods of four hours or less. The average linearity coefficient (slope( obtained for detector response as a function of solution concentration was 1.1.     

四川地区宫颈癌组织HPV18和HPV45 E6基因突变分析

采用聚合酶链反应技术对四川地区2003~2004年收集的60例宫颈癌患者的癌组织DNA进行人乳头瘤病毒(HPV) E6基因扩增, 获得HPV18和45型E6基因. 序列分析发现, 18型三例E6基因有同样的两处同义突变; 45型两例E6基因发生突变, 一例有两处碱基突变, 另一例发生六处碱基突变, 其中两处涉及氨基酸变化, 均位于E6抗原决定簇区. HPV45型E6基因中134位c→t, 157位c→t, 259位g→t和341位t→c的碱基点突变未见报道. 另外， 该地区HPV18和45型突变株之间存在碱基互变,  它们之间的最小差异比野生型HPV18和HPV45之间的差异小4.05%, 该数值比在非洲发现的突变株的要小很多, 该结果支持HPV18和HPV45可能起源于非洲的观点.     

Genomic variation and point mutations analysis of Indian COVID-19 patient samples submitted in GISAID database

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) endemic has havoc on the world; the causative virus of the pandemic is SARS CoV-2. Pharmaceutical companies and academic institutes are in continuous efforts to identify anti-viral therapy or vaccines, but the most significant challenge faced is the highly evolving genome of SARS CoV-2, which is imparting evolutionary selective benefits to the virus. To understand the viral mutations, we have retrieved nine hundred and thirty-four samples from different states of India via the GISAID database and analyzed the frequency of all types of point mutation in all structural, non-structural proteins, and accessory factors of SARS CoV-2. Spike glycol protein, nsp3, nsp6, nsp12, N and NS3 were the most evolving proteins. High frequency point mutations were Q496P (nsp2), A380V (nsp4), A994D (nsp3), L37F (nsp6), P323L & A97V (nsp12), Q57H (ns3), D614G (S), P13L (N), R203K (N), G204R (N) and S194L (N).     

The ground-state energy of the ±J sping glass. A comparison of various biologically motivated algorithms

We compare various evlutionary strategies to determine the ground-state energy of the ±J spin glass. We show that the choice of different evolution laws is less important than a suitable treatment of the free spins of the system At least one combination of these strategies does not give the correct results, but the ground states of the other different strategies coincide. Therefore we are able to extrapolate the infinit-size ground-state energy for the square lattice to –1.401±0.0015 and for the simple cubic lattice to –1.786±0.004.     

Nitrofuran antibiotic residues in pork: The FoodBRAND retail survey

Use of nitrofuran drugs in food-producing animals has been prohibited within the EU because they may represent a public health risk. Monitoring compliance with the ban has focused on the detection of protein-bound nitrofuran metabolites which, in contrast to the parent compounds, are stable and persist in animal tissues. As part of the “FoodBRAND” project, an extensive survey of pork was undertaken across 15 European countries. Samples (n = 1500) purchased at retail outlets were analysed for the nitrofuran metabolites AOZ, AMOZ, AHD and SEM using LC–MS/MS determination of nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives. Limits of quantification for the method were 0.1 μg/kg (AOZ, AMOZ), 0.2 μg/kg (SEM) and 0.5 μg/kg (AHD). Of the 1500 samples tested, measurable residues of nitrofuran metabolites were confirmed in 12 samples (0.8% incidence overall) of which 10 samples were purchased in Portugal (AOZ, 0.3 μg/kg; AMOZ, 0.2–0.6 μg/kg) and one sample each in Italy (AMOZ, 1.0 μg/kg) and Greece (AOZ, 3.0 μg/kg).     

Diminished Respirative Growth and Enhanced Assimilative Sugar Uptake Result in Higher Specific Fermentation Rates by the MutantPichia stipitis FPL-061

A mutant strain ofPichia stipitis, FPL-061, was obtained by selecting for growth on L-xylose in the presence of respiratory inhibitors. The specific fermentation rate of FPL-061, was higher than that of the parent,Pichia stipitis CBS 6054, because of its lower cell yield and growth rate and higher specific substrate uptake rate. With a mixture of glucose and xylose, the mutant strain FPL-061 produced 29.4 g ethanol/L with a yield of 0.42 g ethanol/g sugar consumed. By comparison, CBS 6054 produced 25.7 g ethanol/L with a yield of 0.35 gJg. The fermentation was most efficient at an aeration rate of 9.2 mmoles O₂ L^-1 h^-1. At high aeration rates (22 mmoles O₂ L^-1 h^-1), the mutant cell yield was less than that of the parent. At low aeration rates, (1.1 to 2.5 O₂ L^-1 h^-1), cell yields were similar, the ethanol formation rates were low, and xylitol accumulation was observed in both the strains. Both strains respired the ethanol once sugar was exhausted. We infer from the results that the mutant, P.stipitis FPL-061, diverts a larger fraction of its metabolic energy from cell growth into ethanol production.