全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1721篇 |
免费 | 22篇 |
国内免费 | 368篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1462篇 |
晶体学 | 13篇 |
力学 | 19篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
数学 | 30篇 |
物理学 | 585篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 17篇 |
2022年 | 22篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 26篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 39篇 |
2013年 | 57篇 |
2012年 | 82篇 |
2011年 | 109篇 |
2010年 | 86篇 |
2009年 | 85篇 |
2008年 | 71篇 |
2007年 | 100篇 |
2006年 | 87篇 |
2005年 | 75篇 |
2004年 | 79篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 52篇 |
2000年 | 57篇 |
1999年 | 139篇 |
1998年 | 108篇 |
1997年 | 121篇 |
1996年 | 72篇 |
1995年 | 56篇 |
1994年 | 42篇 |
1993年 | 37篇 |
1992年 | 62篇 |
1991年 | 54篇 |
1990年 | 36篇 |
1989年 | 33篇 |
1988年 | 27篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2111条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Shufeng Zuo 《Applied Surface Science》2006,253(5):2508-2514
Al-pillared clays supported rare earths (RE/Al-PILC) are prepared and used as supports of palladium catalysts for deep oxidation of low concentrations of benzene (130-160 ppm). The supports and catalysts are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, BET, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The results show that Al-pillaring results in a strong increase in the basal spacing (d0 0 1) from about 1.2 to 1.8 nm, and an increase in the BET surface area from 63.6 (±3.2) to 238.8 (±11.9) m2/g. Activity tests of deep oxidation of low concentration benzene show catalysts supported on Al-PILC and RE/Al-PILC are obviously more active than that on raw clay. Pd/6% Ce/Al-PILC, in particular, can catalyze the complete oxidation of low concentration benzene at a temperature as low as about 290 °C. 相似文献
2.
A fully quantum mechanical approach to the calculation and normalization of the Franck–Condon factors for diatomic species is described. The treatment is based on the fundamental demand of completeness of the energy eigenfunctions, which results in the rigorous sum rule for the Franck–Condon overlap integrals. The importance of this general rule has been discussed and thoroughly illustrated in the case of diatomic xenon molecules. Exactly solvable reference potentials for this system have been constructed and a complete basis of the actual energy eigenstates (including both bound and scattering states) has been created. Several direct spectroscopic applications to xenon excimers are presented, and their good agreement with relevant experimental data demonstrated. In particular, a kinetic model is proposed to explain the observed oscillatory structures in the fluorescence spectra of Xe2* [Chem. Phys. Lett. 117 (1985) 301] related to their classical left turning points. The same model gives a uniform explanation to the well-known first and second emission continua of rare gases. 相似文献
3.
Uptake of trace elements into fish otoliths is governed by several factors such as life histories and environment in addition to stock and species differences. In an attempt to elucidate the elemental signatures of rare earth elements (REEs) in otoliths, a solid phase extraction (SPE) protocol was used in combination with electrothermal vaporization (ETV) as a sample introduction procedure for the determinations by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Effects of various parameters, such as carrier gas flow rate, atomization temperature and chemical modification, were examined for optimization of the conditions by ETV-ICP-MS. Atomization was achieved at 2800 °C. Lower temperatures (i.e. 2600 °C) resulted in severe memory problems due to incomplete atomization. Palladium was used as a chemical modifier. It was found that an increase in Pd concentration up to 0.5 μg in the injection volume (70 μl) led up to four-fold enhancement in the integrated signals. This phenomenon is attributed to the carrier effect of Pd rather than the stabilization since no significant losses were observed for high temperature drying around 700 °C even in the absence of Pd. Preconcentration was performed on-line at pH 5 by using a mini-column of Toyopearl AF-Chelate 650M chelating resin, which also eliminated the calcium matrix of otolith solutions. After preconcentration of 6.4 ml of solution, the concentrate was collected in 0.65 ml of 0.5% (v/v) HNO3 in autosampler cups, and then analyzed by ETV-ICP-MS. The method was validated with the analysis of a fish otolith certified reference material (CRM) of emperor snapper, and then applied to samples. Results obtained from otoliths of fish captured in the same habitat indicated that otolith rare earth element concentrations are more dependent on environmental conditions of the habitat than on species differences. 相似文献
4.
Keka Chakraborty S K Paranjpe V Siruguri O D Jayakumar S K Kulshreshtha 《Pramana》1997,48(6):1115-1122
Neutron diffraction and M?ssbauer measurements have been carried out on the cubic Laves phase intermetallic TbMnFe. The magnetic
moment on the transition metal atom is found to be low, 0.2μ
B, at room temperature. This moment is temperature independent down to 10 K. Magnetic moment on the rare earth atom varies
from 2.5μ
B at 296 K to 7.27μ
B at 10 K. M?ssbauer spectra recorded at 298 K and 78 K have magnetic character but there is a large distribution of hyperfine
field values. Both these features arise due to magnetic frustration created in the sample due to the competing ferro and antiferromagnetic
interactions between the transition metal atoms. 相似文献
5.
S. Juneja 《Queueing Systems》2007,57(2-3):115-127
Efficient estimation of tail probabilities involving heavy tailed random variables is amongst the most challenging problems
in Monte-Carlo simulation. In the last few years, applied probabilists have achieved considerable success in developing efficient
algorithms for some such simple but fundamental tail probabilities. Usually, unbiased importance sampling estimators of such
tail probabilities are developed and it is proved that these estimators are asymptotically efficient or even possess the desirable
bounded relative error property. In this paper, as an illustration, we consider a simple tail probability involving geometric
sums of heavy tailed random variables. This is useful in estimating the probability of large delays in M/G/1 queues. In this setting we develop an unbiased estimator whose relative error decreases to zero asymptotically. The key
idea is to decompose the probability of interest into a known dominant component and an unknown small component. Simulation
then focuses on estimating the latter ‘residual’ probability. Here we show that the existing conditioning methods or importance
sampling methods are not effective in estimating the residual probability while an appropriate combination of the two estimates
it with bounded relative error. As a further illustration of the proposed ideas, we apply them to develop an estimator for
the probability of large delays in stochastic activity networks that has an asymptotically zero relative error.
相似文献
6.
X射线荧光光谱法快速测定稀土萃取生产的中控样品 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了一种新型样品杯,通过使用这种样品杯,实现了大型X射线荧光光谱仪在稀土萃取生产过程中的现场分析,同时还对基体效应,谱线干扰,背景扣除等进行了研究。实践证明本法准确可靠,简便快速。 相似文献
7.
乙酰丙酮稀土四苯基卟啉配合物的电化学研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文指出我国环境保护产业发展中存在的问题,论述了“入关“对我国环境保护产业的影响及应采取的经济和税收政策。 相似文献
8.
LaB6-ZrB2共晶复合材料的组织特征及控制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用电弧炉和电子束悬浮区熔炉法制备了LaB6ZrB2共晶复合材料,并用SEM和TEM方法对其显微组织进行了研究。结果表明,LaB6ZrB2形成纤维状共晶组织,控制凝固条件可得到定向排列的组织,LaB6基体上均匀分布着直径为02~12μm的ZrB2纤维,纤维长度可达100μm以上。对于固液界面为平面生长的试样,其结晶学取向关系为[001]LaB6∥[001]ZrB2,(110)LaB6∥(010)ZrB2。 相似文献
9.
ICP激发光源以其独特的功能使ICP/AES技术在稀土分析中的应用日益广泛,在一定程度上取代了经典的直流电弧光谱法,但应指出,由于常规雾化器的低雾化效率(≤5%)和试样的高倍稀释,ICP/AES技术的实际检测能力的改善并不明显,本文用ICP光谱法测定了 相似文献
10.
研究了四元体系CsCl-LaCl3-HCl-H2O(25℃、「HCl」=13%(wt),23%(wt)和CsCl-LaCl3-HAc-H2O(30℃,「HAc」=42%(wt))的平衡态的溶度数据,并给出制了相应的溶度图,共得到了CsCl.LaCl3.4H2O、2CsCl.LaCl3.2H2O和3CsCl.LaCl3.3H2O3种化合物。对得到的新相进行了热分析,X射线粉末衍射及偏光性质的测定,依 相似文献