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1.
Patrick Imrie Jianyong Jin 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(2):149-174
4D printing is an exciting branch of additive manufacturing. It relies on established 3D printing techniques to fabricate objects in much the same way. However, structures which fall into the 4D printed category have the ability to change with time, hence the “extra dimension.” The common perception of 4D printed objects is that of macroscopic single-material structures limited to point-to-point shape change only, in response to either heat or water. However, in the area of polymer 4D printing, recent advancements challenge this understanding. A host of new polymeric materials have been designed which display a variety of wonderful effects brought about by unconventional stimuli, and advanced additive manufacturing techniques have been developed to accommodate them. As a result, the horizons of polymer 4D printing have been broadened beyond what was initially thought possible. In this review, we showcase the many studies which evolve the very definition of polymer 4D printing, and reveal emerging areas of research integral to its advancement. 相似文献
2.
Liang Zhao 《Journal of Differential Equations》2019,266(9):5615-5624
In this paper, let be n-dimensional noncompact metric measure space which satisfies Poincaré inequality with some Ricci curvature condition. We obtain a Liouville theorem for positive weak solutions to weighted p-Lichnerowicz equation where are real constants. 相似文献
3.
Effect of additive length and chemistry on the morphology of blends of conjugated thiophenes and fullerene derivative acceptor molecules 下载免费PDF全文
Small molecule additives have been shown to increase the device efficiency of conjugated polymer (donor) and fullerene derivative (acceptor) based organic solar cells by modifying the morphology of the device active layer. In this paper we conduct a systematic study of how additives affect the donor‐acceptor morphology using molecular dynamics simulations of blends of thiophene‐based oligomers, mimicking poly(3‐dodecylthiophene) (P3DDT) or poly(2,2′:5′,2”‐3,3”‐didocyl‐terthiophene) (PTTT), and fullerene derivatives with additives of varying length and chemical functionalization, mimicking experimentally used additives like methyl ester additives, diiodooctane, and alkanedithiols. We find that functionalization of additives with end groups that are attracted to acceptor molecules are necessary to induce increased donor‐acceptor macrophase separation. In blends where acceptors intercalate between oligomer alkyl side chains, functionalized additives decrease acceptor intercalation. Functionalized additives with shorter alkyl segments increase acceptor macrophase separation more than additives with same chemical functionalization but longer alkyl segments. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 1046–1057 相似文献
4.
《Comptes Rendus Chimie》2015,18(9):993-1000
The electrochemical oxidation of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (PAR) was investigated at a Pt electrode with the application of cyclic (CV) and differential pulse (DPV) voltammetry methods. An effect of scan rate, substrate concentration and pH on electrode reactions was determined. The parameters of substrate electro-oxidation, i.e. heterogeneous rate constant, charge transfer coefficient, and diffusion coefficient, were calculated. Our investigation's results prove the exchange of two electrons and one proton in the first step, followed by a chemical reaction. PAR electro-oxidation occurs according to an EC mechanism. 相似文献
5.
SPECTRUM-PRESERVING ELEMENTARY OPERATORS ON B(X) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hou Jinchuan 《数学年刊B辑(英文版)》1998,19(4):511-516
1.IntroductionLetXbeaninfinitedimensionalcomplexBanachspaceandB(X)theBanachalgebraofallboundedlinearoperatorsonX.ForTEB(X),a(T),asusual,willdenotethespectrumofT.Let4bealinearmapfromB(X)intoitself.4isspectrum-preservingifa(di(T))=a(T)forallTEB(X);4isspectrum-compressingifa(4(T))ga(T)forallTEB(X).Itisclearthatif4isunital(i.e.,ac(I)=I),thenacisspectrum-preserving(spectrum-compressing)ifandonlyif4preservesinvertibilityinbothdirections(preservesinvertibility),i.e.,4(T)isinvertibleifando… 相似文献
6.
矩阵方程A^TXB=C的正定和半正定解 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
何楚宁 《高校应用数学学报(A辑)》1997,(4):475-480
给出了矩阵方程A^TXB=C在正定和半正定矩阵类中有解的充要条件及解的一般表达式。 相似文献
7.
本文给出了混合型多项式Hammerstein积分方程正解的迭代求法,并将所得结果应用到二阶非线性常微分方程的边值问题 相似文献
8.
A new family of positive photosensitive polyimide (PPI) systems composed of solvent soluble polyimides (Pls) with cyclobutane (CBDA) structures and diazonaphthoquinone compounds (DNQ) has been prepared. Heat and catalytic imidizations were carried out to obtain CBDA Pls; the former was better than the latter in controlling the molecular weight of the Pl. The ? OH groups in the Pls were easily acetylated during catalytic imidization, so ? COOH groups were selected as weak acidic groups in the Pls. The ? COOH groups were also effective in giving the Pls an alkaline solubility. Therefore, Pls having ? COOH groups were superior to those having ? OH groups for PPI systems. The photosensitive properties of various PPl systems containing ? COOH were found to vary with the fraction of ? COOH groups in the Pls, the content of DNQ in the systems, and the molecular weight of the Pls. 相似文献
9.
A. V. Semykin I. A. Kazarinov E. A. Khomskaya 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2006,42(6):643-648
The hydrogen ionization process is studied experimentally on an industrial sintered nickel oxide electrode in models of sealed nickel-metal hydride batteries. It is shown that the hydrogen ionization rates that are reached during overcharge by high current densities in conditions of forced gas delivery into the electrode pores (up to 40 mA cm?2) exceed the self-discharge rate of a nickel-hydrogen battery by two orders of magnitude. Up to 70% of hydrogen delivered into the compact assembly block undergoes ionization during forced charge of models of sealed nickel-metal hydride batteries with a closed hydrogen cycle. Two independent methods (potentiostatic and manometric) are used to determine the relationship between rates of hydrogen ionization with the degree of the electrode filling with gas and perform estimation of the process intensity at a unit reaction surface. It is established that, in conditions of forced gas delivery, practically all the hydrogen oxidation current is generated at the surface of the nickel oxide electrode beneath thin films of an electrolyte solution at the rate of 4–5 mA cm?2. It is shown that the hydrogen oxidation rate on a nickel oxide electrode filled in part by gas is independent of the electrode potential, probably because of a tangible contribution made by diffusion limitations to the overall hampering of the process. 相似文献
10.