直观推导式演进特征投影法测定不同方法提取的国产血竭中龙血素B的含量

利用HPLC-DAD产生的二维数据和化学计量学方法-直观推导式演进特征投影法（HELP），解析了不同提取方法得到的国产血竭中的重叠色谱峰，并对其中的指标性成分-龙血素B进行了含量测定，结果满意。这表明这化学计量学方法与现代分析手段有机结合，将为中药等复杂体系的分析提供一条新途径。     

新疆地产胡桐泪中16种无机元素的测定与健康风险评估

目的 为准确、快速地评价新疆地产胡桐泪中无机元素的组成及其分布特征,全面、客观、科学地评价该药材的质量,本研究采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry,ICP-MS）对胡桐泪中16种无机元素进行了含量测定。方法 在采用综合评分法优化样品前处理过程的基础上,建立ICP-MS法测定胡桐泪中16种无机元素的含量并绘制其无机元素特征谱。通过热图聚类分析、主成分分析及元素间相关性分析进行化学计量学分析。通过计算样品的单项污染指数（individual pollution index ,Pi）和综合污染指数（combined pollution index ,P综）对其进行安全性评价。通过计算样品的每日最大耐受摄入量（Maximum Tolerable Daily Intake,EDI）、靶标危害系数（Target Hazard Coefficient,THQ）和致癌风险（Carcinogenic Risk,CR）等指标评估样品对人体的潜在健康风险。结果 优化后的样品前处理工艺为：盐酸-硝酸-过氧化氢-氢氟酸（3:1:1:1）体系,消解温度100℃,工艺可以满足同时测定胡桐泪中多种元素含量的需求。方法学考察结果表明本文所建立的ICP-MS方法可用于测定样品中16种元素的含量。样品的Pi与P综均处于安全水平。EDI提示对于成人和儿童而言口服胡桐泪不存在潜在健康风险。THQ和 CR结果表明样品所含的砷（As）和铅（Pb）对成年人和儿童有较高的健康风险,但无致癌风险。结论 本文建立的方法便捷准确,稳定可靠,可为胡桐泪用药安全及质量评价提供依据。     

Comparison of microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with high-performance liquid chromatography for fingerprint analysis of resina draconis

Microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) has been developed for fingerprint analysis of resina draconis, a substitute for sanguis draconis in the Chinese market. The microemulsion as the running buffer was made up of 3.3% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 6.6% (w/v) n-butanol, 0.8% (w/v) n-octane, and 10 mmol/L sodium tetraborate buffer (pH 9.2), which was also used as the solvent for ultrasonic extraction of both water- and fat-soluble compounds in the traditional Chinese medicine samples. Four batches of resina draconis obtained from different pharmaceutical factories located in different geographic regions were used to establish the electrophoretic fingerprint. MEEKC was performed using a Beckman PACE/MDQ system equipped with a diode-array detector and with monitoring at 280 nm. The fingerprint of resina draconis comprised 27 common peaks within 100 min. The relative standard deviations of the relative migration time of these common peaks were less than 2.1%. Through repetitive injection of the sample solution six times in 24 h, all relative standard deviations of the migration time and peak area of loureirin A and loureirin B were less than 2.5 and 3.8%, which demonstrated that the method had good stability and reproducibility. The relative peak areas of these common peaks in the electropherograms of four batches of resina draconis were processed with two mathematical methods, the correlation coefficient and the interangle cosine, to valuate the similarity. The values of the similarity degree of all samples were more than 0.91, which showed resina draconis samples from different origins were consistent. On the other hand, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with photodiode-array detection was also applied to establish the fingerprint of resina draconis. The samples were separated with a LiChrospher C₁₈ column using acetonitrile (solvent A) and water containing 0.1% H₃PO₄ (solvent B) as the mobile phase in linear gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min and detection was at 280 nm. There were only 20 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprint, and the values of the similarity degree of all samples were also more than 0.91. Though the similarity results of fingerprint analysis seemed to be the same, MEEKC resulted in more common peaks and higher separation efficiency for a variety of polarities of the components than HPLC. So, MEEKC was more suitable for development of the fingerprint of resina draconis.