GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from the Oleoresin of Pistacia atlantica var. mutica

The oleoresin of Pistacia atlantica var. mutica, growing in different regions of Iran, is a popular naturally occurring chewing gum and has been used traditionally in the treatment of peptic ulcer. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil, obtained from steam distillation of the oleoresin of P. Atlantica var. mutica, has led to the identification and quantification of eleven terpenoids, -pinene (70%), -pinene (1.94%), 3-carene (0.2%), carveol (2.18%), epoxypinene (2.15%), limonene oxide (9%), myrtenol (5.31%), limonene (0.62%), citral (5.72%), -phellandrene (0.2%), and -myrcene (0.3%). The total amount of essential oil obtained was 22% v/w which is higher than any other species of the genus Pestacia.     

Fatty Acid Composition of Pistachio Nuts in Turkey

In this study oil yields and fatty acid compositions in the kernels of two varieties (Uzun and Siirt) of pistachio grown in different region of Turkey were investigated. Kernel oils were obtained by Soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether. The yields were found to be 57.1-58.9% and 56.1-62.6 respectively for the Uzun and Siirt varieties, on a moisture-free basis. Fatty acid composition of oils were analysed by GC/MS in the methyl ester form. Fourteen fatty acid components representing about 99% of the total oils were characterised. Oleic acid (55.4-62.6% and 60.7-65.5%, respectively) was the main fatty acid component in both varieties. Pentadecanoic acid, (Z)-7-hexadecenoic acid, margaric acid, Z-7-octadecenoic acid, arachidic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid, and behenic acid were detected in both varieties for the first time.     

Essential Oil and Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Pistacia eurycarpa

The compositions of microdistilled and hydrodistilled essential oils of the mastix ofPistacia eurycarpaYalt. (Anacardiaceae) were compared. The essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS:- andbeta;-pinenes were found as the major constituents. The antimicrobial activity of the hydrodistilled oil was determined due to the ethnomedical uses of the oleo-gum resin on skin diseases.     

LC-ESI-MS/MS and cytotoxic activity of three Pistacia species

LC-ESI-MS/MS was used for a comprehensive characterisation of ethanol extract from the leaves of three Pistacia species. After optimisation of the method and the use of the negative ionisation mode, a total of 42 different compounds were identified, of which 22 were tentatively characterised in P. chinensis Bunge, 33 in P. khinjuk stocks and 25 in P. lentiscus L. leaves. Flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their derivatives were the most abundant identified compounds. LC-ESI-MS/MS revealed identification of 15, 18 and 6 not previously detected compounds in P. chinensis Bunge, P. khinjuk Stocks and P. lentiscus L., respectively. The three extracts were also tested for their cytotoxic activities against human PC3 prostate cancer, A549 lung cancer, MCF7 breast cancer and HepG2 liver cancer. Generally, all the extracts have a moderate cytotoxic activity against lung, breast and prostate cancer, with different IC₅₀. However, only P. lentiscus L. showed moderate activity against liver cancer.     

Development and Validation of QuEChERS Followed by UHPLC-ToF-MS Method for Determination of Multi-Mycotoxins in Pistachio Nuts

Pistachios are one of the types of tree nut fruits with the highest mycotoxin contamination, especially of aflatoxins, worldwide. This study developed a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method that was followed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography combined with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC–ToF-MS) for the determination of mycotoxins in pistachios. Different approaches to dispersive solid phase extraction as a clean-up method for high lipid matrices were evaluated. For this, classic sorbents such as C18 (octadecyl-modified silica) and PSA (primary secondary amine), and new classes of sorbents, namely EMR-Lipid (enhanced matrix removal-lipid) and Z-Sep (modified silica gel with zirconium oxide), were used. The QuEChERS method, followed by Z-Sep d-SPE clean-up, provided the best analytical performance for aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), toxin T2 (T2) and toxin HT-2 (HT2) in pistachios. The method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, interday precision and recovery; it achieved good results according to criteria imposed by Commission Regulation (EC) no. 401/2006. The method was applied to real samples and the results show that pistachios that are available in Portuguese markets are safe from mycotoxins that are of concern to human health.     

清香木叶挥发油成分及其抑菌作用

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法(SD)提取清香木叶挥发油、采用GC-MS联用技术分析了挥发油的化学成分,采用杯碟法和Alamar blue法检测了其抑菌和抗肿瘤活性.结果表明,从清香木叶挥发油中分离鉴定出29种化合物.占挥发油总质量的99.54%.清香木叶挥发油中的活性物质对大肠杆菌(E.coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)、红酵母(R.glutinis)均有较强的抑制活性;对体外人非小细胞肺癌(NCI-H460)细胞核有显著的抑制作用,且其抑制作用与浓度呈正相关,当质量浓度达到0.1 g/L时,抑制率达92.56%.     

Chemical variation in leaf oils of Pistacia chinensis from five locations in China

Hydrodistilled leaf oils of Pistacia chinensis Bunge from five locations in China were analyzed using GC/MS. A total of 58 compounds was identified in the oils, and a relatively high variation in their contents was found. The major compounds include β-phellandrene (0.54–53.86%), α-pinene (4.74–54.44%), β-pinene (0.49–42.90%), caryophyllene (5.64–20.01%), cis-ocimene (tr−43.93%), eudesmadiene (0–15.06%), and camphene (tr−20.57%). Cluster analysis classified the leaf oils into two chemotypes: one rich in α-pinene and β-pinene, and the other rich in β-phellandrene. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 341–343, July–August, 2006.     

Two New Gallotannins from Pistacia weinmannifolia

Pistacia weipmannghlia J. Poisson ex Franch. (Anacardiaceae) is a shrub or an arbor thatis widely found in Yunnan province of China. The leaves of this plant have the functionso f "expelling toxin by cooling and astringing to stop bleeding", and can be used againstdysentery, enteritis, influenza, traumatic bleeding, headache and lung cancer]. However,its chemical constituents have never been studied. In a survey on them, we found thatbeside the essential oil, this medicinal plant was also ri…     

Fatty acids determination in Bronte pistachios by gas chromatographic method

A gas chromatographic with flame ionization detector (GC-MS FID) method for the identification and quantification of fatty acids based on the extraction of lipids and derivatisation of free acids to form methyl esters was developed and validated. The proposed method was evaluated to a number of standard FAs, and Bronte pistachios samples were used for that purpose and to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. In this regard, repeatability, mean and standard deviation of the analytical procedure were calculated. The results obtained have demonstrated oleic acid as the main component of Bronte pistachios (72.2%) followed by linoleic acid (13.4%) and showed some differences in composition with respect to Tunisian, Turkish and Iranian pistachios.