以实验室文化为魂,创新高校实验室管理服务

实验室文化是高校校园文化的重要组成部分,对于营造积极向上、文明和谐的教学和科研环境,树立高校品牌,保持学校可持续发展,具有十分重要的意义.本文给出了营造实验室文化,创新实验室管理服务的几点做法.     

Versatile transamination in quinonediimine chemistry: Towards a novel class of water soluble UV/violet chromophores

The transamination reaction of 2,5-diaminobenzoquinonediimine (QDI) with ethylenediamine gave fluorescent 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline (1). When the same reaction was carried out with N,N’-bis(aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine, a novel cationic quinoxalinium species (2) was isolated, which can be further condensed with p-cyanobenzaldehyde to afford a benzimidazolo-fused quinoxaline dye (3) that is a water-soluble fluorophore in the UV–visible range.     

3标度层次分析法下盘锦人口预测方法的优选

基于目前我国人口数量预测方法繁多,优缺点不一的现状,以盘锦市1978～2008年人口数据为基础,分别采用曲线回归、GM(1,1)与等维递补灰色模型、BP神经网络与RBF神经网络、马尔萨斯模型与费尔哈斯模型、宋健模型与Leslie矩阵方法分别对盘锦市2030、2050、2070、2090年人口进行预测,并根据预测结果设置了盘锦市人口预测方法的多目标定量优选体系,并采用Matla,b2009b软件运用3标度层次分析法方法进行了预测方法的优选.优选结果显示在盘锦市人口预测中,径向基网络(RBF)为最优方案.     

Nanocomposites based on cationic polyelectrolytes and silver nanoparticles: Synthesis,characterization, molybdate retention and antimicrobial activity

The objective of this work was to synthesize nanocomposites based on cationic polyelectrolytes and silver nanoparticles using poly(N-vinylbenzyl-N-triethylammonium chloride) as polymer phase. For that, a nanostructured crosslinker was synthesized from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and acrylic acid. Molybdate retention properties of nanocomposites were studied in function of pH and ionic strength. In addition, their antimicrobial properties were evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus. It was evidenced that AgNPs can be stabilized using acrylic acid and that this material can be incorporated to the polymer phase during polymerization by free radical of cationic monomers. The effect of pH on retention of molybdate, by the nanostructured polymer, was significant only to low ionic strength (the order seen was pH 5.0 > pH 7.0 > pH 9.0 for 0.0% NaCl). Results suggest that the main interaction influencing the molybdate retention is electrostatic in nature. Finally, antimicrobial activity was enhanced by incorporation of polymerizable nanostructured crosslinker based on AgNPs.     

A direct correspondence between charge transfer to solvent spectra and electrochemical data and theories: a linear relationship up to 10 mol dm−3 and precise madelung constants from spectral shift data

The shift in E_max for the CTTS spectrum of iodide on addition of alkali chlorides is definitively related to their mean activity coefficients. The relative contributions to the coulombic interaction of the Debye—Hückel and expanded-lattice models are determined by a new precise procedure, yielding accurate Madelung constants.     

Unexpected intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization of ureidoacetamide: A novel route towards the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubsituted oxazoles

A variety of N, 2-diaryl-2-ureidoacetamide prepared from the condensation of N-aryl-α-aminoamide with potassium cyanate (KOCN) undergo efficient Hendrickson’s reagent-mediated nucleophilic cyclization to afford 2,5-diamine-4-aryloxazoles. The two-step synthesis provides seven target products in yields of 61–78% under mild conditions. This reaction involves an unusual pathway in which the electrophilic amide carbonyl carbon is activated by Hendrickson’s reagent and attacked by a nucleophilic ureido oxygen in a 5-exo-trig O-cycloisomerization.     

卡尔曼预测及姿态补偿算法研究及在机载天线稳定跟踪系统扰动隔离应用

为集中展示校园风貌和文化氛围,基于Creator和Vega平台实现了自动导航寻径的虚拟校园漫游系统。结合校园建筑特点,引入面向对象思想并应用有向无环树状图组织场景数据,实现了对虚拟场景的层次化管理。在建模阶段,利用不同精度的纹理贴图生成不同精度的模型,给出了支持LOD的快速建模方法。在漫游导航中,通过鼠标拾取实时显示虚拟物体的属性信息,运用方向优先的Dijkstra算法查找最短路径并实现漫游导航功能。在普通PC上测试,无论是单个模型的渲染效率还是系统的整体性能,场景的逼真度和浏览的顺畅性都较为理想,体现出人机工程顺畅和自然的特征。     

嵌入式Web控制终端的物联网移动E-Laboratory平台

为了进一步提高大学校园设备资源的利用率,实现多种实验装置的网络化控制和用户终端移动化。基于物联网技术,将LAMP移植到采用ARM架构的微处理器上,通过搭建嵌入式Web控制终端,对Web服务平台进行了详细的设计,实现了多种实验装置的网络化控制。将单自由度机械臂系统这一实验装置,与EWC_T连接,基于Android操作系统上开发了一个应用,设计并搭建了Mobile Experiment系统,实现了网络化实验室平台的用户终端的移动化。通过实验证明该系统能够可靠地完成对实验装置的远程控制,并具有低功耗、低成本和便携性好等优点。     

移动床生物膜技术处理校园污水过程中DOM的光谱特征

研究了厌氧-缺氧-好氧移动床生物膜(MBBR)工艺对校园污水的处理效果,采用三维荧光光谱和紫外光谱分析了污水处理过程中溶解性有机物(DOM)的降解特性及其组成特征。结果表明,MBBR对校园污水具有较好的去除效果,COD,NH₃-N,TN,TP和DOC的去除率分别达到83.0%,70.9%,52.4%,59.2%和62.2%。三维荧光光谱显示有3个明显的特征荧光峰,其中心位置分别在E_x/E_m=230 nm/325 nm(T峰)、E_x/E_m=280 nm/350 nm(S峰)、E_x/E_m=350 nm/440 nm(R峰)附近,污水中荧光类溶解性有机物主要包括类色氨酸(Trp)、类溶解性微生物代谢产物(SMP)和类腐殖酸(HA)。DOM特征荧光峰的中心位置及荧光强度随处理流程而变,说明污水中DOM的组成和相对含量经MBBR处理后发生变化。其中,类色氨酸、类溶解性微生物代谢产物荧光特征峰近乎消失,表明MBBR对这两类有机物质去除效果显著;溶解性微生物代谢产物荧光强度在厌氧池、缺氧池、好氧池分别为进水的37.1%,20.3%,13.1%,表明MBBR的各生化阶段,微生物均能很好的降解SMP;但类腐殖酸(R峰)荧光强度降低较小,微生物对类腐殖酸总的去除效果不明显。在MBBR工艺流程中,DOM腐殖化指数HIX、荧光指数FI、生物源指数BIX均逐渐增大,微生物对有机污染物降解起到了关键作用。其中,HIX值在缺氧池、好氧池、出水中增大到4以上,经MBBR处理后,DOM腐殖化程度和成熟度逐渐增加;缺氧池、好氧池及出水的荧光FI值接近1.9(分别为1.899,1.881,1.887),说明其中类腐殖质有机物主要源于微生物代谢活动;缺氧池、好氧池及出水中DOM的 BIX值约为1.0(依次为0.985,1.018,0.979),说明缺氧池、好氧池及出水中DOM也主要源于微生物代谢或死亡。污水的紫外特征值E₂₅₀/E₃₆₅随工艺流程逐渐减小、SUVA₂₅₄不断增大,表明经MBBR处理后,污水中DOM类型和含量均发生了较大变化,有机物的共轭不饱和双键或芳香性基团增多,聚合度、腐殖化程度、分子质量增大。