Preparation of monodentate phosphinite ligands: their applications in palladium catalyzed Suzuki reactions

Two phosphinites 2,6-OMe, 4-Me, 1-OPR₂C₆H₂ (5a: R=Ph; 5b: R=^tBu) were prepared in good yields. Two methoxy groups are placed on the 2,6 positions of the phosphinites deliberately thereby to avoid a plausible orthometallation process while coordinating toward palladium metal. Further reaction of 5a with PdCl₂ in the ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 gave 5a ligated palladium complexes {(5a)PdCl(μ-Cl)}₂7a and {(5a)₂PdCl₂} 8a, respectively. As revealed from their crystal structures, the former is a dimeric complex with anticipated molecular arrangement; nevertheless, the latter is a monomeric complex with unexpected, energetically unfavorable cis form. By contrast, only dimeric form was observed from the reaction of 5b with PdCl₂. It is believed that the bulky substituents, ^tBu, on 5b prevent the formation of a monomeric complex in cis form. Fair to good efficiencies were observed for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions employed in situ-prepared 5/Pd(OAc)₂ as the catalytic precursor.     

Heterobimetallische Vanadium- und Thallium-2-(dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl-Verbindungen

Zusammenfassung Synthesen und Eigenschaften von 2-(Dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl-Derivaten der Formel (FcN) _n VCl_3–n (FcN=2-(Dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl;n=1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (3)), die aus VCl₃·3THF und (FcN) Li (I) entstehen, werden mitgeteilt. WährendCp ₂VCl₂ (Cp=C₅H₅) mitI unter Bildung vonCp ₂ V(FcN) (4) reagiert, läßt sich VO (acac)₂ (acac=Anion des Acetylacetonates, C₅H₇O₂) in die 2-(Dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl-Verbindung des vierwertigen Vanadiums (FcN)VO(acac),5) überführen. Dagegen entsteht bei Umsetzungen von VOCl₂·2THF mitI das Organovanadium (III)-Derivat Li [(FcN)₂V(O)Cl] (6).Reaktionen von VCl₄·2THF,Cp ₂VCl₂, VOCl₃ undCpVOCl₂ mit (FcN)₃Tl (II) führen unter Bildung von (FcN)₂TlCl (7) zu thermisch instabilen vanadiumorganischen Verbindungen. Eine eingehende Charakterisierung von1–7 erfolgte durch Elementaranalysen, Ermittlung der effektiven magnetischen Momente, IR-, Massen- und NMR-Spektroskopie sowie, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Ausbildung möglicher Chelatstrukturen, durch UV/Vis und Mößbauer-Spektroskopie.

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Heterobimetallic 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl compounds of vanadium and thallium

Summary Syntheses and properties of 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenylderivatives of the composition (FcN) _n VCl_3–n (FcN=2-(dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl;n=1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (3)), which are formed from VCl₃·3THF and (FcN) Li (I), are reported. WhereasCp ₂VCl₂ (Cp=C₅H₅) reacts withI under formation ofCp ₂V(FcN) (4), VO(acac)₂ (acac=anion of acetylacetonate, C₅H₇O₂) can be transformed into the 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-ferrocenyl compound of tetravalent vanadium (FcN)VO(acac),5). However, when VOCl₂·2THF reacts withI, the organovanadium(III)-derivative Li[(FcN)₂V(O)Cl] (6) is formed.Reactions of VCl₄·2THF,Cp ₂VCl₂, VOCl₃, andCpVOCl₂ with (FcN)₃Tl (II) lead to thermally instable vanadiumorganic compounds under formation of (FcN)₂TlCl (7). A detailed characterization of1–7 was carried out by elementary analysis, determination of effective magnetic moments, IR, mass and¹H NMR spectroscopy as well as — especially referring to the formation of possible chelate structures — by UV/Vis andMöbauer spectroscopy.

     

New orthopalladated complexes of phosphorus ylides: Crystal structure of [Pd{CH{P(C7H6)(p-tolyl)2}COCH3}Cl{P(p-tolyl)3}]

This work reports on the preparation of the complexes [PdCl₂(Y¹)₂], [PdCl₂(Y²)₂] (Y¹ = (p-tolyl)₃PCHCOCH₃ (1a); Y² = Ph₃PCHCO₂CH₂Ph (1b)), [Pd{CHP(C₇H₆)(p-tolyl)₂COCH₃}(μ-Cl)]₂ (2a), [Pd{CHP(C₆H₄)Ph₂CO₂CH₂Ph}(μ-Cl)]₂ (2b), [Pd{CH{P(C₇H₆)(p-tolyl)₂}COCH₃}Cl(L)] (L = PPh₃ (3a), P(p-tolyl)₃ (4a)) and [Pd{CH{P(C₆H₄)Ph₂}CO₂CH₂Ph}Cl(L)] (L = PPh₃ (3b), P(p-tolyl)₃ (4b)). Orthometallation and ylide C-coordination in complexes 2a–4b are demonstrated by an X-ray diffraction study of 4a.     

Two isomeric products [Os3(μ-H)(C14H9N4)(CO)9] formed by orthometallation of the cluster [Os3(C14H10N4)(CO)10] containing the chelating ligand 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine

Treatment of the labile compound [Os₃(CO)₁₀(CH₃CN)₂] with 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine (C₁₄H₁₀N₄) in dichloromethane at room temperature gave the cluster [Os₃(C₁₄H₁₀N₄)(CO)₁₀] (1), which contains the chelating ligand co-ordinated axially through one of the pyridine rings and equatorially through a pyrazine nitrogen atom while one of the pyridine rings remains unco-ordinated. Thermolysis of 1 leads to loss of CO and yields two structural isomers of [Os₃(μ-H)(μ,η³-C₁₄H₉N₄)(CO)₉] (2) and (3). Isomer 2 contains an orthometallated 2-pyridyl group and a co-ordinated 2-pyridyl which is not orthometallated. A seven-membered chelate ring is formed and the pyrazine ring is uncoordinated. On the other hand, isomer 3 contains a 2-pyridyl-1,4-pyrazine fragment metallated in the pyrazine ring to form a five-membered chelate ring with the one pyridine ring remaining unco-ordinated. The molecular structures of 1-3 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies.     

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of ortho-metallated Pd(II) complexes containing N-benzoylthiourea derivatives

The synthesis and characterization (elemental analysis, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction) of the first ortho-metallated Pd(II) complexes containing N-benzoyl thiourea ligands are described. Four of these compounds showed liquid crystal properties which were investigated by mean of DSC and polarised light microscopy and their mesogenic properties are compared to those of ortho-metallated imine Pd(II) complexes with other types of co-ligands.     

Suzuki-Miyaura and Hiyama reactions catalyzed by orthopalladated triarylphosphite complexes

Orthometallated, dimeric, and monomeric palladium complexes with triphenylphoshito ligands and square-planar complexes of the type PdCl₂[P(OR)₃]₂ (where R=Ph, m-MeC₆H₄, o-MeC₆H₄, C₆H₃-2,4-^tBu₂) were applied in the Suzuki-Miyaura and the Hiyama reactions leading to the same product, 2-Mebiphenyl. The desired product was obtained in high yield in reactions performed in ethane-1,2-diol with Cs₂CO₃ as a base. The optimized procedure was also applied to the synthesis of other biphenyl derivatives, and in most cases the Suzuki-Miyaura procedure led to higher yields of the product.     

Novel phosphite palladium complexes and their application in C-P cross-coupling reactions

A mono- and a 1,3-bis-phosphite arene ligand based on 2,2′-biphenol have been synthesized in order to study the synthesis of the corresponding palladium(II) complexes starting from different Pd precursors. Novel bis-phosphite palladium complex 1 [PdCl₂(L)₂] (L = dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin, 6-phenoxy), C,P-chelate bonded monophosphite palladium complex 2 [Pd(κ₂-L)(μ-Cl)]₂, and PCP-pincer palladium complex 3 have been prepared from these ligands in promising to excellent yields (50-95%). Additionally, complexes 1 and 3 have been characterized by X-ray crystal structure determinations. The application of 2,6-bis-phosphite pincer palladium(II) complex 3 in C-P cross-coupling between diphenylphosphine-borane and a wide range of various aryl iodides under very mild conditions is reported. Kinetic investigations indicate that 3 merely acts as a pre-catalyst and that Pd nanoparticles are the actual catalytically active species.     

Intramolekulare C?H-Aktivierung bei der Reaktion von Bis(benzylcyclopentadienyl)zirconiumdichlorid mit Vinyllithium — Bildung eines Crotyl-zirconacyclus

Intramolecular C? H Activation at Reaction of Bis(benzylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium Dichloride with Vinyllithium — Formation of a Crotyl Zirconacyclus Bis(benzylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dichloride, (C₆H₅CH₂? C₅H₄)₂ZrCl₂ ( V ), reacts with vinyl lithium with formation of the chiral compound (C₆H₅CH₂? C₅H₄)? ? CH₂CH=CHCH₃ ( IX ) as the product of vinyl group coupling and an orthometallation reaction. The reaction mechanism and the ¹³C n.m.r. spectrum are discussed.     

Intermolecular versus intramolecular C-H activation reaction in the thermolysis of [Ru(Me)Cp*(PMe2Ph)2] (Cp* = η-C5Me5): formation and crystallographic characterisation of [Ru(Ph)Cp*(PMe2Ph)2]

Thermolysis of the ruthenium complex [Ru(Me)Cp*(PMe₂Ph)₂] (1) (Cp* = η⁵-C₅Me₅) in benzene gives methane and [Ru(Ph)Cp*(PMe₂Ph)₂] (2), which is converted slowly to (3) through the loss of benzene. 2 was structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. DFT calculations were performed in order to understand the behaviour of the ruthenium complex 1 towards inter- or intra-molecular C-H bond activation reactions.     

Preparation of a palladium dimer with a cobalt-containing bulky phosphine ligand: Its application in palladium catalyzed Suzuki reactions

A palladium dimer with a cobalt-containing phosphine ligand, {(μ-PPh₂CH₂PPh₂)Co₂(CO)₄(μ,η-(tBu)₂PCCC₆H₄-κC¹)Pd(μ-Cl)}₂ (3), was prepared from the reaction of its monomer precursor, (μ-PPh₂CH₂PPh₂)Co₂(CO)₄(μ,η-(tBu)₂PCCC₆H₄-κC¹)Pd(μ-OAc) (2), with LiCl. The crystal structure of 3, determined by X-ray diffraction methods, revealed a doubly chloride-bridged palladium dimeric conformation. Suzuki coupling reactions of bromobenzene with phenylboronic acid were carried out catalytically using these two novel palladium complexes 2 and 3 as catalyst precursors. Factors such as the molar ratio of substrate/catalyst, reaction temperature, base and solvent that might affect the catalytic efficiencies were investigated. As a general rule, the performance is much better by employing 3 than 2 as the catalyst precursor.