One-dimensional non-nearest-neighbor random walks in the presence of traps

A one-dimensional lattice random walk in the presence ofm equally spaced traps is considered. The step length distribution is a symmetric exponential. An explicit analytic expression is obtained for the probability that the random walk will be trapped at thejth trapping site.     

Inertia-preserving secant updates

Corrections to the last two equations of Ref. 1 are given.     

天空背景下飞行器结构特征提取的新方法

针对天空背景下低信噪比的飞行器,提出了一种基于SUSAN算法、灰色系统理论和数学形态学相结合的飞行器结构特征提取的新方法。在Visual C++6.0平台下,首先利用SUSAN算法从背景中提取飞行器的结构边缘信息,并与原图像相加实现目标增强;然后用灰色系统理论检测出飞行器的结构特征边缘;最后利用条件膨胀和重构算法,实现云层的抑制,并重构出飞行器目标。实验结果表明:该方法对于实现飞行器的跟踪、结构特征提取以及事后判读有重要的意义,同时验证了该方法的可行性。     

多元分辨校正模型与方法研究—无机多组份分析

系统研究了各种多元分辨校正模型、方法及其应用，以模拟体系、病态体系有态体系为对象，考察了它们的多元校正能力与多元分辨效果，给我机多组份分析态体系实例。     

Morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice: Metabolomic profiling of brain tissue to find “molecular switch” of drug abuse by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a widely used model to explore the mechanism of context-dependent learning. In this work, we developed a GC–MS method to investigate the metabolites in mice brain which was used to study the mechanism of context-dependent learning associated with rewarding effect of morphine. Metabolites were extracted from brain tissues and derivatized followed by analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In total, 69 peaks were identified as known compounds. By a Wilcoxon ran sum test with p value ≤0.05, 21 metabolites were selected and considered as the potential biomarkers of morphine in mice brain. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves, a model was constructed with a combination of these 21 metabolic markers. Multivariate statistics of the model yielded separation between the two groups with an area under the curve value of 0.947. Some metabolites were further discussed in detail about their pathway. Results showed that our technique can be successfully applied to profile for biomarkers and in understanding molecular mechanisms of drug abuse.     

On the limit law of a random walk conditioned to reach a high level

We consider a random walk with a negative drift and with a jump distribution which under Cramér’s change of measure belongs to the domain of attraction of a spectrally positive stable law. If conditioned to reach a high level and suitably scaled, this random walk converges in law to a nondecreasing Markov process which can be interpreted as a spectrally positive Lévy process conditioned not to overshoot level 1.     

同轴式反射三极管高功率微波源

运用两维半、全电磁模型的MAGIC程序对同轴式反射三极管中的虚阴极振荡现象进行了粒子模拟研究。模拟结果表明,同轴式反射三极管的辐射主要由在实虚阴极之间来 回振荡的反射电子提供,得到的微波瞬时峰值输出功率可达兆瓦级,瞬时峰值效率在1%左右,提高效率的方法是在腔中央加一个收集极。     

Phase transition for absorbed Brownian motion with drift

We study one-dimensional Brownian motion with constant drift toward the origin and initial distribution concentrated in the strictly positive real line. We say that at the first time the process hits the origin, it is absorbed. We study the asymptotic behavior, ast, ofm _t , the conditional distribution at time zero of the process conditioned on survival up to timet and on the process having a fixed value at timet. We find that there is a phase transition in the decay rate of the initial condition. For fast decay rate (subcritical case)m _t is localized, in the critical casem _t is located around , and for slow rates (supercritical case)m _t is located aroundt. The critical rate is given by the decay of the minimal quasistationary distribution of this process. We also study in each case the asymptotic distribution of the process, scaled by , conditioned as before. We prove that in the subcritical case this distribution is a Brownian excursion. In the critical case it is a Brownian bridge attaining 0 for the first time at time 1, with some initial distribution. In the supercritical case, after centering around the expected value—which is of the order oft—we show that this process converges to a Brownian bridge arriving at 0 at time 1 and with a Gaussian initial distribution.