Difference in enzyme activity and conformation of glucose oxidase before and after purification

Enzyme activity of commercial glucose oxidase was enhanced after purification through a strong anionic exchange resin. In order to get a better insight into this phenomenon, surface pressure–area (π–A) isotherms and surface pressure–time (π–t) isotherms was used to study the interaction and the absorption at different pH values of the subphases between octadecylamine and glucose oxidase purified by a styrene system quaternary ammonium type strongly basic anionic exchange resin. Circular dichroism (CD), electrophoresis and enzyme activity measurements were conducted to study these phenomena. A preliminary hypothesis has been suggested to explain why the enzyme activity of purified glucose oxidase was higher than that of the commercial one.     

十八胺单分子膜的研究

通过测定在纯水和CdCl2溶液亚相上十八胺单分子膜的平衡、循环π～A等温线及其动态弹性,发现在亚相中加入Cd2+可以使膜的液态相凝聚性增强,固态相凝聚性减弱.液态的单分子膜在两种亚相上有较好的可回复性,而在固态膜中则不然.这可归因于在水面上十八胺分子间可形成氢键,而在CdCl2水溶液亚相上的十八胺则与Cd2+发生配位,形成了多配位络合物,两种情况下十八胺分子在高膜压区都会发生稳定的聚集.静、动态弹性的比较表明,膜障的振动不利于十八胺分子与Cd2+间的配位作用.     

近红外光谱测定十八烷基聚氧乙基醚

利用近红外光谱与化学计量学的技术,建立了十八烷基胺聚氧乙基醚校正模型,预测未知样品的叔胺值,获得了成功。交互检验的预测残差平方和(PRESS)确定最佳主因子数为3,PLS回归系数R2=0.9995,经过Mahalanobis距离验证。在车间既定工艺控制下生产的产品测试误差,均在Mahalanobis距离设定的阈值之内。结果可靠且测试稳定,已用于产品的质量监控。     

A hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on Langmuir-Blodgett technique: Direct electron transfer of hemoglobin in octadecylamine layer

The present paper describes the modification of hemoglobin (Hb)-octadecylamine (ODA) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film on a gold electrode surface to develop a novel electrochemical biosensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of Hb-ODA LB film indicated Hb molecules existed in ODA layer in a well-ordered and compact form. The immobilized Hb displayed a couple of stable and well-defined redox peaks with an electron transfer rate constant of 4.58 ± 0.95 s⁻¹ and a formal potential of −185 mV (versus Ag/AgCl) in phosphate buffer (1.0 mM, pH 5.0) contain 0.1 M KCl at a scan rate of 200 mV s⁻¹, characteristic of Hb heme Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. The formal potential of Hb heme Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple in ODA film shifted linearly between pH 5 and 8 with a slope of −23.8 mV pH⁻¹, suggesting that proton took part in electrochemical reaction. The ODA could accelerate the electron transfer between Hb and the electrode. This modified electrode showed an electrochemical activity to the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) without the aid of any electron mediator.     

Interaction of Bauhinia monandra lectin (BmoLL) with lipid monolayers

The interfacial behavior of the hypoglycemia lectin BmoLL purified from the leaves of Bauhinia monandra, and its ability to interact with lipid monolayers has been studied by surface tension (γ) measurements. The results of these experiments revealed that in the solution concentration range comprised between 0.2 and 1.0 mg/ml, there was an extremely pronounced increase in the BmoLL adsorption at the interface with the air phase. This adsorption at the higher studied BmoLL concentrations gave rise to a more gradual increase in the surface pressure (π = γ₀−γ). The results showed also that the surface pressure of adsorbed films was pH dependent and it substantially increased at low pHs (between pH 4.0 and pH 2.5). Independently carried out ξ potential measurements demonstrated that BmoLL was negatively charged at all pHs and borne the highest charge at the pH around 5.5. The penetrant ability of BmoLL into the two different in chemical nature monolayers: (dioleoylphosphatidylcholine and octadecylamine) have been assessed measuring Δπ increments at constant area. It was observed that, whereas the monolayers of either pure dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) or pure octadecylamine (ODA) stimulated BmoLL adsorption, the lectin adsorption within their mixtures strongly depended on both the content of positively charged octadecylamine in a mixture and on the monolayer compressibility. These findings are discussed in terms of both the electrostatic interaction involved in adsorption of BmoLL and of changes in monolayer compressibilities brought up by the addition of ODA molecules to the phospholipid. The relevance of this work to liposome preparations is indicated in the concluding remarks.     

十八胺基分子组装体在碳钢表面的作用机理与模拟

应用分子动力学模拟明确了以β-环糊精(β-CyD)为主体、 十八胺(ODA)为客体的分子组装体(CDDA)的最优空间构型, 并采用动态失重、 电化学极化与阻抗测试结合扫描电子显微镜、 原子力显微镜、 接触角、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)与衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)等表面分析手段, 研究了CDDA对Q235碳钢在蒸汽凝结水中的缓蚀机理. 结果显示, CDDA的4种构型可共存于组装体系内; 35 ℃下, 添加1 mmol/L CDDA对碳钢的缓蚀率达94.1%; 添加CDDA不改变腐蚀机理, 但可同时抑制电化学反应的阴、 阳极过程, 并显著提升极化阻抗, 属于阳极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂. XPS和ATR-FTIR结果均表明, CDDA在碳钢/溶液界面释放客体ODA, 并由其自发吸附组装形成疏水膜, 吸附过程符合Langmuir等温式. 分子动力学模拟与量子化学计算结果支持上述ODA释放并于金属表面组装成膜的推断.     

十八烷基胺在铁上成膜结构和耐腐蚀性研究

十八烷基胺(ODA)应用于热力设备停用保护技术在国外开发较早[1－3],国内电厂这二年来应用该技术也日益增多,但由于基础研究做得较少,使用效果受到影响.1996年以来我们对ODA的成膜条件和机理进行了一些研究[4－6],本文利用交流阻抗、俄歇电子能谱、红外镜反射光谱、光电化学等方法对ODA的成膜结构和耐蚀性进行探讨,同时介绍ODA在电厂的应用情况.1实验实验材料为DT-4型纯铁.样品制备及交流阻抗测试见文献[4－6].　　俄歇能谱(AES)Perkin-ElmerPHI550ESCA/SAM.实验在机械工业部上海材料研究所进行.　　红外镜反射(SR)Bio-R…     

Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of porous TiO2 films prepared by ODA/sol-gel method

Porous TiO₂ films were deposited on SiO₂ pre-coated glass-slides by sol-gel method using octadecylamine (ODA) as template. The amount of ODA in the sol played an important role on the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic performance of the TiO₂ films. The films prepared at different conditions were all composed of anatase titanium dioxide crystals, and TiO₂ crystalline size got larger with increasing ODA amount. The maximum specific surface area of 41.5 m²/g was obtained for TiO₂ powders prepared from titanium sol containing 2.0 g ODA. Methyl orange degradation rate was enhanced along with increasing ODA amount and reached the maximal value at 2.0 g addition of ODA. After 40 min of UV-light irradiation, methyl orange degradation rate reached 30.5% on the porous film, which was about 10% higher than that on the smooth film. Porous TiO₂ film showed almost constant activity with slight decrease from 30.5% to 28.5% after 4 times of recycles.     

烷基十八胺在离子交换树脂上的吸附及影响研究

研究发现，各种离子交换树脂对烷基十八胺均有较强的吸附作用，阳树脂吸附作用最强，可以近似100％吸附，吸附烷基十八胺后的树脂强度降低，沉降速度改变。常用的无机复苏液无法将吸附的十八胺洗脱出来。     

十八胺单分子膜的研究

通过测定在纯水和CdCl2 溶液亚相上十八胺单分子膜的平衡、循环π～A等温线及其动态弹性 ,发现在亚相中加入Cd2 + 可以使膜的液态相凝聚性增强 ,固态相凝聚性减弱 .液态的单分子膜在两种亚相上有较好的可回复性 ,而在固态膜中则不然 .这可归因于在水面上十八胺分子间可形成氢键 ,而在CdCl2 水溶液亚相上的十八胺则与Cd2 + 发生配位 ,形成了多配位络合物 ,两种情况下十八胺分子在高膜压区都会发生稳定的聚集 .静、动态弹性的比较表明 ,膜障的振动不利于十八胺分子与Cd2 + 间的配位作用