Oxygen activation on metallic centers and oxidizing abilities of such oxygen

It was shown that metallcontaining peroxides such as XOOOBu-t [X = (t-BuO)₂Al, (t-BuO)₃Ti] generate molecular oxygen in the electron-excited singlet state (¹O₂). These ozonides and η²-peroxocomplex Ph₃Bi(η²O₂) demonstrate high oxidative activity towards some classes of organic substances under mild conditions (20 °C).     

Nitroxyl radicals and nitroxylethers beyond stabilization: radical generators for efficient polymer modification

Beyond traditional polymer stabilization, sterically hindered piperidine derivatives move into new application areas where radical functions are key elements. Recent achievements in using nitroxyl derivatives in degradation, polymerization and grafting processes are discussed together with the involved chemical reactions and the resulting material properties. The examples shown cover selected nitroxylethers (NORs) performing as flame retardants and flame retardant synergists or replacing peroxides in manufacturing controlled rheology polypropylene (PP). Furthermore, NORs and nitroxyl radicals mediate radical polymerization processes resulting in tailor-made intermediates for polymer modification via radical and condensation steps and offer access to complex polymer architecture. To cite this article: R. Pfaendner, C.R. Chimie 9 (2006).     

Anticancer Drugs ( Ⅳ )——New Derivatives of Podophyllotoxin

Four new derivatives of podophyllotoxin, N'-podophyllic acid-N-[3-(2, 2, 5, 5-te-tramethyl-pyrrolinenyloxy)] semicarbazide(GP-11, 6), podophyllic acid [3-(2,2,5,5-te-tramethyl-pyrrolinenyloxy)]hydrazone (GP-12, 7), podophyllic acid-[4-(2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-1-hydroxy piperidine)]hydrazone(GP-1-OH, 8) and podophyllic acid[4-(2,2, 6, 6-tetramethyl piperidine)]hydrazone(GP-1-H, 9) were synthesized. The inhibition effect of the four new compounds on L-1210 cells were determined. The antitumor activity and toxicity of GP-1(2), GP-1-OH(8), GP-1-H(9) and VP-16-213(1) were discussed.     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Amines on a Mediator‐Modified Electrode by Electrochemical Copolymerization of Nitroxyl Radical Precursor Containing Pyrrole Side Chain and Bithiophene

This paper describes the electrocatalytic oxidation of amines on TEMPO (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl)‐modified electrodes prepared by electrochemical copolymerization of TEMPO precursor containing pyrrole side chain and 2,2′‐bithiophene. The modified electrode exhibits electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of primary and secondary amines. Cyclic voltammetric studies showed that the peak current of the cyclic voltammogram increased linearly with increasing concentration of amine in the sample solution.     

氮氧自由基的应用研究进展

氮氧自由基化合物是指含碳、氮、氧、氢等元素以及自旋单电子的有机化合物,因其自身的特殊性质被广泛应用于很多领域。本文结合氮氧自由基的特点,对其在生物学、磁性、有机催化和阻聚等方面的应用研究进行了总结,并对氮氧自由基化合物的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Development and testing of a CW-EPR apparatus for imaging of short-lifetime nitroxyl radicals in mouse head

This article describes a method for reducing the acquisition time in three-dimensional (3D) continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) imaging. To visualize nitroxyl spin probes, which have a short lifetime in living organisms, the acquisition time for a data set of spectral projections should be shorter than the lifetime of the spin probes. To decrease the total time required for data acquisition, the duration of magnetic field scanning was reduced to 0.5 s. Moreover, the number of projections was decreased by using the concept of a uniform distribution. To demonstrate this faster data acquisition, two kinds of nitroxyl radicals with different decay rates were measured in mice. 3D EPR imaging of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-d₁₇-1-¹⁵N-1-oxyl in mouse head was successfully carried out. 3D EPR imaging of nitroxyl spin probes with a half-life of a few minutes was achieved for the first time in live animals.     

A Chemiluminescent Probe for HNO Quantification and Real‐Time Monitoring in Living Cells

Azanone (HNO) is a reactive nitrogen species with pronounced biological activity and high therapeutic potential for cardiovascular dysfunction. A critical barrier to understanding the biology of HNO and furthering clinical development is the quantification and real‐time monitoring of its delivery in living systems. Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of the first chemiluminescent probe for HNO, HNOCL‐1 , which can detect HNO generated from concentrations of Angeli's salt as low as 138 nm with high selectivity based on the reaction with a phosphine group to form a self‐cleavable azaylide intermediate. We have capitalized on this high sensitivity to develop a generalizable kinetics‐based approach, which provides real‐time quantitative measurements of HNO concentration at the picomolar level. HNOCL‐1 can monitor dynamics of HNO delivery in living cells and tissues, demonstrating the versatility of this method for tracking HNO in living systems.     

5-氟尿嘧啶自旋标记衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

将4种稳定氮氧自由基引入5-氟尿嘧啶,合成了10个新的5-氟尿嘧啶(Fu)自旋标记衍生物2a-8.经元素分析、IR、UV、MS和ESR确定了其组成和结构.化合物对KB、HCT-8和A 2780细胞毒性实验结果表明,化合物2a和3a的抗癌活性高于5-Fu,与HCFU的活性相当.     

Anticancer Drugs (VI)——Synthesis and Activity of Spin Labeled Derivatives of 4-Amino-4-deoxy-4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin

Some derivatives of podophyllotoxin(1), such as etoposide(12), possess antitumor activity and have been extensively used clinically^[1]. Because etoposide has a less solubility in water and higher toxicity, many chemists have an interest in further studies on the modification of the C-4 substituent of 1 for its better antitumor activity. Lee Kuo-hsing, Wang Zhe-qing et al. have synthesized a series of derivatives of CA (substituted anilino)-4-deoxypodophllotoxin. The pharmaceutical tests have shown that a number of 4β-(arylamino )-4'-demethylepi-podophyllotoxin are as potent as or more potent than etoposide(12) in inhibiting the human DNA topoisomerase Ⅱ.