全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1011篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
国内免费 | 62篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 871篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 10篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
数学 | 1篇 |
物理学 | 260篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 37篇 |
2020年 | 72篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 38篇 |
2017年 | 28篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 37篇 |
2014年 | 28篇 |
2013年 | 57篇 |
2012年 | 43篇 |
2011年 | 47篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 72篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 41篇 |
2004年 | 48篇 |
2003年 | 33篇 |
2002年 | 32篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1151条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
This study compares the physicochemical properties of six electrolytes comprising of three salts: LiFTFSI, NaFTFSI and KFTFSI in two solvent mixtures, the binary (3EC/7EMC) and the ternary (EC/PC/3DMC). The transport properties (conductivity, viscosity) as a function of temperature and concentration were modeled using the extended Jones-Dole-Kaminsky equation, the Arrhenius model, and the Eyring theory of transition state for activated complexes. Results are discussed in terms of ionicity, solvation shell, and cross-interactions between electrolyte components. The application of the six formulated electrolytes in symmetrical activated carbon (AC)//AC supercapacitors (SCs) was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling with potential limitation (GCPL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated aging. Results revealed that the geometrical flexibility of the FTFSI anion allows it to access and diffuse easily in AC whereas its counter ions (Li+, Na+ or K+) can remain trapped in porosity. However, this drawback was partially resolved by mixing LiFTFSI and KFTFSI salts in the electrolyte. 相似文献
3.
4.
Experimental analysis, modeling, and theoretical design of McMaster pore-filled nanofiltration membranes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A side-by-side comparison of the performance of McMaster pore-filled (MacPF) and commercial nanofiltration (NF) membranes is presented here. The single-salt and multi-component performance of these membranes is studied using experimental data and using a mathematical model. The pseudo two-dimensional model is based on the extended Nernst–Planck equation, a modified Poisson–Boltzmann equation, and hydrodynamic calculations. The model includes four structural properties of the membrane: pore radius, pure water permeability, surface charge density and the ratio of effective membrane thickness to water content. The analysis demonstrates that the rejection and transport mechanisms are the same in the commercial and MacPF membranes with different contributions from each type of mechanism (convection, diffusion and electromigration). Solute rejection in NF membranes is determined primarily by a combination of steric and electrostatic effects. The selectivity of MacPF membranes is primarily determined by electrostatic effects with a significantly smaller contribution of steric effects compared to commercial membranes. Hence, these membranes have the ability to reject ions while remaining highly permeable to low molecular weight organics. Additionally, a new theoretical membrane design approach is presented. This design procedure potentially offers the optimization of NF membrane performance by tailoring the membrane structure and operating variables to the specific process, simultaneously. The procedure is validated at the laboratory scale. 相似文献
5.
J. Saunier F. Alloin J. Y. Sanchez L. Maniguet 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(12):2308-2317
Microporous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) separators for lithium-ion batteries, used in liquid organic electrolytes, have been characterized with respect to the swelling phenomena on dense PVdF membranes (obtained through hot pressing). In the first and second parts of this study, we have described the swelling equilibria and swelling kinetics of dense PVdF. Here the thermal properties of PVdF gels and their irreversible modifications induced by swelling are characterized. Particular attention is paid to crystallinity modifications, polymer plasticization, and membrane degradation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 2308–2317, 2004 相似文献
6.
Pirjo Sainio Irma Mäkinen Jaap-Willem Hutter Theo den Ouden Mikael Krysell 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2006,11(3):116-121
The international joint project HYCREF (Contract No. G6RD-CT-2002-00854), funded by the European Commission in the 5th Framework programme, aimed to develop methods to prepare homogeneous and stable reference materials of water, soil, and waste contaminated with mineral oil hydrocarbons and to certify the mineral oil content by gas chromatographic methods. The results of a feasibility study for the preparation of three soil reference materials are discussed in this paper, and for the preparation of three waste reference materials in the second part (Koch et al., Accred Qual Assur submitted for publication). The soil materials were selected to represent different soil types and contamination levels. The project plan set three requirements for these reference materials: uncertainty in the mineral oil content resulting from the certification exercise <5%, a sample inhomogeneity of <3% and a minimum long-term stability of 5 years. For the most part, these requirements were met within this project. 相似文献
7.
This paper presents results of studies on dc electrical conductivity and transference number measurements on potassium bromate
(KBrO3) complexed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films prepared by solution cast technique. Temperature dependence of dc electrical conductivity
and transference number data indicated the dominance of ion type charge transport in these specimens. The magnitude of conductivity
increased with increase in concentration of the salt and temperature. Using this (PVC + KBrO3) electrolyte, solid-state electrochemical cells were fabricated, and their discharge profiles were studied under a constant
load of 100 kΩ. Several cell profiles such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current, power density, and energy density
associated with these cells were evaluated and were reported. The features of complexation of the electrolytes were studied
by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Ionic Devices (ICID 2006), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Dec. 7–9, 2006 相似文献
8.
9.
Yu. A. Dobrovolsky P. Jannasch B. Lafitte N. M. Belomoina A. L. Rusanov D. Yu. Likhachev 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2007,43(5):489-501
The 2000–2006 achievements in the field of synthesis, property examination, and application of proton-exchange membranes are reviewed on the basis of more than 120 papers. 相似文献
10.
Solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of sodium chloride: Experimental results and correlation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of sodium chloride was measured in the temperature range from 40 to 160°C, up to 6 mol-kg salt solutions and total pressures up to 10 MPa. Pitzer's(1) equations as well as the Chen and Evans(2) model were used to correlate the new data. Results are reported and compared to literature data and correlations. 相似文献