Homogenous Alloys of Formamidinium Lead Triiodide and Cesium Tin Triiodide for Efficient Ideal‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

The alloying behavior between FAPbI₃ and CsSnI₃ perovskites is studied carefully for the first time, which has led to the realization of single‐phase hybrid perovskites of (FAPbI₃)_1−x (CsSnI₃)_x (0<x <1) compositions with anomalous bandgaps. (FAPbI₃)_1−x (CsSnI₃)_x perovskites exhibit stable, homogenous composition/microstructure at the nanoscale, as confirmed by microscopic characterization. The ideal bandgap of 1.3 eV for single‐junction solar cell operation is achieved in the rationally‐tailored (FAPbI₃)_0.7(CsSnI₃)_0.3‐composition perovskite. Solar cells based on this new perovskite show power conversion efficiency up to 14.6 %.     

Atomically Dispersed Copper–Platinum Dual Sites Alloyed with Palladium Nanorings Catalyze the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Designing highly active catalysts at an atomic scale is required to drive the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Copper–platinum (Cu‐Pt) dual sites were alloyed with palladium nanorings (Pd NRs) containing 1.5 atom % Pt, using atomically dispersed Cu on ultrathin Pd NRs as seeds. The ultrafine structure of atomically dispersed Cu‐Pt dual sites was confirmed with X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. The Pd/Cu‐Pt NRs exhibit excellent HER properties in acidic solution with an overpotential of only 22.8 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² and a high mass current density of 3002 A g⁻¹_(Pd+Pt) at a −0.05 V potential.     

Part IV. Review and evaluation of spark source mass spectrometry as an analytical method

Summary The analytical features and most important fields of application of spark source mass spectrometry are described with respect to the trace analysis of highpurity materials and the multielement analysis of technical alloys, geochemical and cosmochemical, biological and radioactive materials, as well as in environmental analysis. Comparisons are made to other analytical methods. The distribution of the method as well as opportunities for contract analysis are indicated and developmental tendencies discussed.

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Überblick und Bewertung der Funken-Massenspektrometrie als Analysenmethode

Zusammenfassung Die Analyseneigenschaften und wichtigsten Einsatzgebiete der Funken-Massenspektrometrie zur Spurenanalyse an hochreinen Materialien und zur Multielementanalyse an technischen Legierungen, geo- und kosmochemischen, biologischen und radioaktiven Materialien sowie in der Umweltanalytik werden beschrieben. Vergleiche zu anderen Analysenverfahren werden gegeben. Die Verbreitung der Methode sowie Möglichkeiten der Auftragsanalytik werden angegeben und Entwicklungstendenzen diskutiert.

     

Guiding Uniform Li Plating/Stripping through Lithium–Aluminum Alloying Medium for Long‐Life Li Metal Batteries

The uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites upon cycling might result in low coulombic efficiency and severe safety hazards. Herein, a lithiophilic binary lithium–aluminum alloy layer, which was generated through an in situ electrochemical process, was utilized to guide the uniform metallic Li nucleation and growth, free from the formation of dendrites. Moreover, the formed LiAl alloy layer can function as a Li reservoir to compensate the irreversible Li loss, enabling long‐term stability. The protected Li electrode shows superior cycling over 1700 h in a Li|Li symmetric cell.