Measurements of velocity distributions in the deformation zone in cold rolling by a scanning LDV

Experimental determination of the velocity distribution in the deformation zone is of significant importance to investigate the metal flow in both conventional and asymmetrical rolling processes. In this paper, a scanning laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system, designed for measuring the velocity distributions in the deformation zone in plate rolling is reported. The LDV used for the rolling process is briefly described and then the scanning mechanism based on beam displacement by a rotating transparent plate is introduced. The relationship among the scanning distance, the beam-cross angle of the LDV system and the rotating angle of the plate is established. The scanning LDV was first tested with a rotating disk and then applied in the rolling process. The test results have demonstrated the feasibility of the scanning LDV.     

明渠非定常水流的垂向结构实验研究

本文报告了明渠非定常水流垂向结构的实验研究,通过 LDV 激光测速,我们给出了非定常水流的速度削面,湍流度,Eulerian质量输运速度的垂向分布。实验结果表明:在非定常周期很长时非定常流动的速度剖面,湍流强度及其粗糙度的影响基本上与定常流动相一致,当非定常流动为纯往复流动时,存在一个逆时针方向的环流,这种环流有利于底部的质量输运。     

用LDV系统测量转盘萃取塔内流场

本文应用激光多普勒测速仪对二种转盘萃取塔模型进行切向速度、轴向速度和湍流度测量。实验结果表明，在ＲＤＣ是切向速度比较大，因而有较大的搅拌效果，它的内部流场比较均匀稳定，有利于传质，所以ＲＤＣ是广泛应用于化学工业中的一种液－液萃取设备。     

双柱单锥型液-液旋流管内流场的激光诊断

应用激光测速仪，对一种双柱单锥型液 液旋流管内的流动结构，进行了全场范围内的多工况流动诊断研究．揭示出其切向速度由内旋流区和外旋流区构成，其中内旋流区中的速度分布符合准强制涡关系，外旋流区中的速度分布符合准自由涡关系；轴向速度由上行流动区和下行流动区构成，两者之间在直管段以零速点作分界，在锥体段则以零速区作过渡并伴随有一定的回流出现，且该过渡区或回流区的大小随锥体截面的收缩而减小，直到进入直管段后消失；各湍流量的分布以管芯处最大向外逐渐减小，沿轴向是直管段中的湍流度大于锥体段中的湍流度，而且湍流度在旋流管内具有各向异性的特性．     

沟槽面与光滑面湍流边界层特性比较

应用ＬＤＶ技术对沟槽面及光滑面湍流边界层流速和湍流度分布进行了精细的测量，实验结果表明：与光滑面相比，沟槽面湍流边界层时均流速分布对数公式中具有较大的积分常数Ｃ值，且沟槽面湍流度最大值较小，但其出现的位置距壁面较远。另外，偏斜因子及平坦因子的分布特性区别不大，但是在近壁区内沟槽面结果波动较大。     

Experimental and computational study of the developed flow field in a flat plate integrated collector storage (ICS) solar device with recirculation

The flow structure in a flat plate integrated collector storage device, with recirculation of the storage water, is studied experimentally and theoretically. To facilitate flow visualization, an experimental device was constructed by transparent material (Plexiglas). Flow velocities and fluctuations are measured, using a LDV system. A three-dimensional CFD-model was developed using the FLUENT code. The standard k–ω model is selected as the most appropriate. The model is validated, with good agreement, against experimental measurements. Furthermore, copper tubes, in the form of embedded heat exchanger, are placed inside the device and another similar 3D model was developed. The model was used to examine the behavior of the system, when the service water enters the heat exchanger, thus being indirectly heated by the stored hot water. It is shown that the outlet temperature of the service water is enough higher, when recirculation occurs.     

轴流压气机时尖泄漏涡的时均流动

用三维激光多普勒测速系统测量研究低速大尺寸单级压气机设计状态转子内尖区流场．结果表明，泄漏流在气流一进入转子叶片通道就开始发生，发生于前半弦长，其诱导形成的泄漏涡约在30％弦长处达到最强，随后逐渐衰减，其涡核顺下游慢慢向压力面方向和低时高方向移动，涡核在转子出口移至通道中部．泄漏涡影响区域沿流向逐渐扩大，并向压力面方向和低叶高方向移动．设计状态叶尖泄漏涡在转子尖区流动中起主要作用，是造成尖部流动阻塞的主要因素．     

固体沿光轴方向的极缓慢速度和微小位移的激光多普勒测量

为了实现目标极缓慢速度和微小位移的实时、准确监测,消除各种干扰对微弱多普勒信号的影响,设计了一套激光多普勒测速(LDV)系统。该系统采用迈克尔逊干涉光路和调幅解调、相敏检测技术,具有较强的抗干扰能力。实验结果表明,该系统可实现固体目标沿光轴方向μm/s级速度和μm级位移的实时、准确测量。该系统光路结构简单,对目标的表面状况无特殊要求,可用于滑坡、地陷等地质灾害的监测,及桥梁、大坝等工程结构变形状况的检测,该方案对相关科学实验和工件精密测量也有重要意义。     

自由湍射流多尺度湍涡结构标度律的实验研究

利用后向接收式激光多普勒测速仪（ＬＤＶ）对自由湍射流进行了测量,我们对采集到的充分发展的湍流信号先求其１－ ８阶的结构函数及其标度指数,结果验证了Ｋｏｌｍ ｏｇｏｒｏｖ提出的标度律理论． 然后用子波变换将自由湍流脉动速度分解为多尺度湍涡结构, 研究每一个尺度湍涡速度的结构函数的标度律及其与湍涡速度的自相关函数的关系．