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排序方式: 共有87条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The apparent molar volumes V of KCl, BaCl2, K2SO4, LaCl3, Co(en)3Cl3 [Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) chloride], K3Co(CN)6, K3Fe(CN)6, K4Fe(CN)6, and Ba3[Co(CN)6]2 have been determined at 25°C in both light and heavy water. The V values in D2O are systematically lower and increase more rapidly with salt concentration than the V in H2O. The volume of transfer from H2O to D2O as well as the partial molar volume at infinite dilution in both solvents have also been calculated. These results together with literature values for other electrolytes were used to estimate both of these quantities for D2O solutions of individual ions. The predictions of ion hydration models and ion-ion interactions are compared with experimental observations. 相似文献
2.
Osmotic and activity coefficients in the aqueous quaternary system sodium chloride-potassium chloride-calcium chloride were derived from isopiestic measurements at 25°C. The isopiestic data were treated by the various procedures of Scatchard, Friedman, and Reilly, Wood, and Robinson. The results obtained showed good agreement with those obtained by pseudo-ternary transforms. Interaction parameters obtained indicated the preponderance of pairwise interactions. Excess Gibbs free energies of mixing were calculated. 相似文献
3.
Heat capacities of concentrated multicomponent aqueous electrolyte solutions at various temperatures
Boris S. Krumgalz Ilan A. Malester Irving J. Ostrich Frank J. Millero 《Journal of solution chemistry》1992,21(7):635-649
The specific heat capacities of the aqueous multicomponent system NaCl +KCl+MgCl2+CaCl2 with ionic strength between 8.3 and 9.6 (resembling Dead Sea waters) were measured between 15°C and 45°C. The obtained data were fitted to an empirical equation as a function of concentration and temperature. The thermodynamic functions of the studied multicomponent system were found to be strongly influenced by changes in MgCl2 concentrations. The application of Young's rule to such concentrated systems was checked at 25°C. The calculated (by Young's rule) specific heat capacitiesC
p and apparent molar heat capacities Cp, of these multicomponent electrolyte solutions were in reasonable agreement with the measured values (–0.008 J-g–1-K–1 and –2.6 J-mol–1-K–1, respectively). 相似文献
4.
Transference numbers are reported for LiCl and NaCl in methanol at 25°C and for NaCl, KCl, and Bu4NBr in methanol at 10°C. The potentiometric moving-boundary method as developed by Kay and Fratiello was employed to give a precision of about 0.05% and an accuracy of at least 0.1% as indicated by two independent determinations of the conductances of the Cl– and Br– ions. The data are extrapolated by the Fuoss-Onsager theory, and the magnitude of the electrophoretic effect is calculated as described by Kay and Dye. The agreement with this theory is quite good at both temperatures, although the å value required in the case of Bu4NBr is considerably larger than that obtained from conductance data. This agreement contrasts with that obtained for ethanol and acetone solutions where the measured electrophoretic effect is considerably larger than the corresponding calculated values. The importance of this fact in the determination of ion-pair association constants is discussed. 相似文献
5.
6.
UV–vis absorption spectroscopy of uranium in LiCl–KCl eutectic salt at 773 K was studied for the on-site use in pyrochemical process. Uranium(III) chloride was electrochemically prepared from uranium metal in LiCl–KCl eutectic salt at 773 K by using chronopotentiometry. Three absorption peak positions were selected and calibrated for the quantitative analysis of uranium in the molten salt medium. The molar absorptivity and minimum detectable concentration for the selected wavelength were obtained with a confidence level of 99%. 相似文献
7.
Xiao‐Hui Duan Jian‐Feng Li Wen‐Jun Zhu 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2011,111(14):3873-3880
A molecular dynamics study is performed to determine the dynamics and transport properties of the ions on the molten interface between anode metal Li and electrolyte KCl. Radial distribution function of the ionic pair and the behavior of the mean‐square displacement (MSD) as a function of time (t) indicate that KCl and metal Li are in the molten state at 2,200 K in the canonical ensemble. The dynamics of the ionic transport are characterized by studying MSD for the centers of mass of the ions at different temperatures. Diffusion coefficient is evaluated from the linear slope of the MSD (t) function in the range of 0–500 ps. The MSD and diffusion coefficient of the Li+ ions are much larger than those of the Cl? and K+ ions due to the difference in ionic characteristic. The transport process has been dominated by the Li+ ions on the molten interface and the Li+ ions are main charge carriers. The energy barrier of the Li+ ions transporting into the molten KCl is fitted to be 5.28 kcal/mol in the light of the activation model. The electrical conductivity of the Li+ ions transporting into the molten KCl are calculated from the Nernst–Einstein formula to be in the range of 0.2–0.3 S cm?1. The current density resulted from the Li+ ions through the interface are estimated to be an order of 106 A cm?2, which may be the value corresponding to a larger concentration gradient of the Li+ ions. Simulated results at different temperatures show that the diffusion coefficient, conductivity and current density have increased with the temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 相似文献
8.
不同浓度KCl和NH4Cl溶液中H3BO3介稳区的性质 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
测定了H3BO3在0~25 ℃内于不同浓度KCl和NH4Cl溶液中的溶解度和超溶解度, 得到了H3BO3的介稳区宽度, 并推算出表观成核级数m, 给出了成核速率方程. 研究了KCl和NH4Cl对H3BO3介稳区性质的影响, 并对影响的机理进行了探讨. 结果表明, KCl使H3BO3介稳区向低温方向移动; NH4Cl使H3BO3介稳区向高温方向移动; 根据所得结论分析了KCl和NH4Cl在柴达木西部油田水析硼过程中的影响, 认为KCl和NH4Cl在蒸发过程中浓度的变化是造成硼分散析出而不能富集的因素之一. 相似文献
9.
S. Diyani S. Walter A. Hadj Mebarek 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1997,49(3):1289-1296
Solid state purification generally requires efficient diffusion mechanisms in order to allow impurity migration towards the sample surface, from which it can be removed by a suitable mean. Since solid state diffusion just becomes efficient near the melting point, generally high working temperatures are required, resulting in expensive, energy consuming processes. The addition of small amounts of a common liquid solvent of both matrix and impurity results, even at low temperatures, in effective diffusion mechanisms the thermodynamical aspects of which are discussed in this work. Thermal cycling enhances the efficiency of the described process. Its concerns industrial and analytical applications. 相似文献
10.
Activity coefficients in the aqueous quaternary system sodium chloridepotassium chloride-magnesium chloride were derived from isopiestic measurements at 25°C. The isopiestic data were treated by the various procedures of Scatchard, Friedman, and Reilly, Wood, and Robinson, and results obtained agreed fairly well with those obtained by pseudoternary transforms. Interaction parameters obtained indicated the preponderance of pairwise interactions. Excess Gibbs free energies of mixing were calculated. 相似文献