富硒灵芝中一种新含硒蛋白的纯化、性质及其自由基清除活性研究

通过硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换层析和分子排阻层析等方法, 从富硒灵芝中获得了一种新的含硒蛋白, 命名为Se-GL-P, 并研究了此蛋白的性质、抗氧化活性与其硒含量间的关系. 结果表明, 此蛋白的分子量为36600, 分子中约含有19.8%的糖链, N端的氨基酸残基序列为DINGGGATLPQKLYLTPDVL, 属于DING蛋白家族. 硒含量为4.87 mg/g, 具有较高的羟自由基和超氧自由基清除活性. 研究发现, Se-GL-P的抗氧化活性的提高与其中硒含量的提高相关.     

Natural products of the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum: occurrence,biological activities,and pharmacological functions

Ganoderma lucidum, a fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine, produces polysaccharides and oxygenated triterpenoids with a very broad spectrum of biological activities and pharmacological functions. Among the Ganoderma triterpenoids, many pairs of C-3 alpha/beta stereoisomers and C-3/C-15 positional isomers have been identified. Biosynthetic study has indicated that the C-3alpha series of oxygenated triterpenoids is derived from the C-3beta series via an oxidation-reduction pathway. The interaction of Ganoderma triterpenoids with human platelets in the induction of aggregation and inhibition of agonist-induced aggregation and signal transduction has been elucidated. Reduction of cellular mevalonate content to a stage in which cholesterol synthesis is strongly inhibited and cell growth is marginally arrested sensitizes hepatoma cells to the oxygenated triterpenoids. A combination treatment of lovastatin and Ganoderma triterpenoids in animal studies has exhibited a potential anticancer effect.     

A New 18(13 → 12β)‐abeo‐Lanostadiene Triterpenoid from Ganoderma fornicatum

A new triterpenoid, fornicatin C (= (3β)‐3‐hydroxy‐18(13 → 12β)‐abeo‐lanosta‐13(17),24‐dien‐18‐oic acid; 1 ), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma fornicatum, together with the known compounds fornicatin A ( 2 ) and fornicatin B ( 3 ), among other constituents. The structure of 1 was elucidated by means of spectroscopic techniques, and those of 2 and 3 were identified by comparing their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature.     

Fast analysis of triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

A rapid and reliable method was established for simultaneous determination of main triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum spores using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC‐TQ‐MS). The established method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and stability, and was successfully applied to determine the contents of 10 main triterpenoids in different batches of G. lucidum spores. The analysis results showed that moderate levels of triterpenoids were found in G. lucidum spores. In addition, a MS full scan with a daughter ion scan experiment was performed to identify the potential derivatives of triterpenoids present in G. lucidum spores. As a result, a total of 22 triterpenoids from different G. lucidum spores were unequivocally or tentatively identified via comparisons with authentic standards and literatures. This method provides both qualitative and quantitative results without the need for repetitive UPLC‐MS analyses, thereby increasing efficiency and productivity, making it suitable for high‐throughput applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Peroxidase-Like Platinum Clusters Synthesized by Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide for Sensitively Colorimetric Detection of Dopamine

The sensitive and selective detection of dopamine (DA) is very important for the early diagnosis of DA-related diseases. In this study, we reported the colorimetric detection of DA using Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) stabilized platinum nanoclusters (Pt_n-GLP NCs). When Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs was added, 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was rapidly catalyzed and oxidized to blue oxTMB, indicating the peroxidase-like activity of Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs. The catalytic reaction on the substrate TMB followed the Michaelis-Menton kinetics with the ping-pong mechanism. The mechanism of the colorimetric reaction was mainly due to the formation of hydroxyl radical (•OH). Furthermore, the catalytic reaction of Pt₆₀₀-GLP NCs was used in the colorimetric detection of DA. The linear range for DA was 1–100 μM and the detection limit was 0.66 μM. The sensitive detection of DA using Pt-GLP NCs with peroxidase-like activity offers a simple and practical method that may have great potential applications in the biotechnology field.     

(±) Gancochlearols A and B: cytotoxic and COX-2 inhibitory meroterpenoids from Ganoderma cochlear

Abstract

(+)- and (?)-gancochlearols A (1) and B (2), two pairs of dimeric mertoterpenoid enantiomers were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma cochlear. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. Biological assessments show that the enantiomers of 1 and 2 are cytotoxic against three human cancer cell lines (A549, K562, Huh-7) and could inhibit COX-2 expression with IC₅₀ values less than 10?μM.     

灵芝子实体水溶性多糖的分离和分子量测定

用磷酸盐缓冲液、热水、碱和热碱水分别从灵芝子实体分离出五种水溶性杂多糖ＧＬ１、ＧＬ２、ＧＬ３、ＧＬ４和ＧＬ５．紫外光谱、红外光谱、气相色谱及硫酸咔唑分析结果表明，它们主要由葡聚糖、木糖、甘露糖、半乳糖组成，ＧＬ３、ＧＬ４和ＧＬ５含葡萄糖醛酸．由粘度、光散射和膜渗透压法测定了特性粘度［η］、重均分子量Ｍｗ及数均分子量Ｍｎ，ＧＬ２、ＧＬ３和ＧＬ５多糖的Ｍｗ值分别为１２４×１０４、１２８×１０４和５８×１０４．实验结果表明这些杂多糖含水溶性Ｄ 葡聚糖，并且初步推断，用磷酸盐缓冲液提取出的杂多糖ＧＬ２中包含刚性链β Ｄ 葡聚糖     

Discrimination of Ganoderma lucidum according to geographical origin with near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and pattern recognition techniques

A rapid and nondestructive near infrared (NIR) method combined with chemometrics was used to discriminate Ganoderma lucidum according to cultivation area. Raw, first, and second derivative NIR spectra were compared to develop a robust classification rule. The chemical properties of G. lucidum samples were also investigated to find out the difference between samples from six varied origins. It could be found that the amount of polysaccharides and triterpenoid saponins in G. lucidum samples was considerably different based on cultivation area. These differences make NIR spectroscopic method viable. Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant partial least-squares (DPLS) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to classify the geographical origins of those samples. The results showed that excellent classification could be obtained after optimizing spectral pre-treatment. For the discriminating of samples from three different provinces, DPLS provided 100% correct classifications. Moreover, for samples from six different locations, the correct classifications of the calibration as well as the validation data set were 96.6% using the DA method after the SNV first derivative spectral pre-treatment. Overall, NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using pattern recognition was shown to have significant potential as a rapid and accurate method for the identification of herbal medicines.     

Determination of Oleanolic Acid In Ligustrum Lucidum and its Medicinal Preparation by Capillary Electrophoresis

ABSTRACT

A simple, rapid, accurate, selective and reproducible capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the assay of oleanolic acid in traditional Chinese herb Ligustrum lucidum and its medicinal preparation. The buffer solution used in this method was 10% acetonitrile and 0.010 M borax solution adjusted to pH 7.50 with 0.10M hydrochloric acid. The Effects of pH value and modifier on the migration behavior of oleanolic acid was investigated and a simulated equation as well as the apparent dissociation constant were obtained. The linear calibration range was 0.040-1.50 mg/ml(r=0.9979). The relative standard deviation of the migration time of oleanolic acid was 0.46% under the optimized conditions. The content of it in Ligustrum lucidum and a kind of Ligustrum lucidum-containing Chinese medicinal preparation was succesfully determined within 4 min.     

A novel alkaloid from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang

<正>A new alkaloid,sinensine(1),had been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang.Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D spectral analysis.This alkaloid exhibited activity in protecting the injury induced by hydrogen peroxide oxidation on HUVEC,with EC_(50) value 6.2μmol/L.