三苯基氧化膦与氯金酸形成的萃合物晶体的合成、特性和结构

本文报道了三苯基氧化膦与氯金酸形成的两种配合物晶体的合成、特性和结构.由元素分析及谱学特性确定了萃合物的组成分别为HAuCl~4·2(C~6H~5)PO(1)和HAuCl~4·2(C~6H~5)PO(2).X射线结构分析确定了两种单晶的结构.晶体(1)属于单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,组成化学式为[(Ph~3PO)~2H]·AuCl~4,其中存在有对称氢键.晶体(2)属于三斜晶系,空间群为PI,组成化学式为(H~3O)·[AuCl~4]·4Ph~3PO,其是存在有分叉氢键.     

金铂,金钯及其混合物滴定时铂和钯共轭还原反应的库仑法研究

在含有金、铂和钯等元素的合金材料或浓集物中,测定这些元素是困难的.已知的一些金、铂容量或电容量滴定法,大多是在一定的条件下测定单一的贵金属组分.曾用电位滴定研究含有金、铂和钯的混合物溶液和用恒电位库仑法分析这些元素的合金,由于组分间相互干扰的影响,使测定手续繁琐,并导致较大的分析误差.我们用电生Cu(Ⅰ)的库仑滴定法对金铂、金钯及其混合物的还原特性进行了研究;发现了在稀HCl溶液中Au(Ⅲ)被Cu(Ⅰ)还原时Pt(Ⅳ)和Pd(Ⅱ)产生的共轭还原反应.     

PREPARATION OF POLYMER MICROSPHERES WITH PYRIDYL GROUP AND THEIR STABILIZED GOLD METALLIC COLLOIDS

Narrow disperse poly(ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine)(poly(EGDMA-co-4-VPy))microspheres were prepared by distillation-precipitation copolymerization of ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA)and 4-vinylpyridine (4-VPy)with 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as initiator in neat acetonitrile.The polymer microspheres containing pyridyl group were then utilized as stabilizer for gold metallic colloids with the diameter around 7 nm,which were prepared by the in situ reduction of gold chloride trihydrate with sodium borohydride through the coordination of the pyridyl group on the gel layer and surface of the microsphere with the gold metallic nano-particles.The catalytic properties of the pyridyl- functionalized microsphere-stabilized gold metallic colloids and the behavior of the stabilized-catalyst for the recycling were investigated with reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol as a model reaction.     

A_1腺苷受体的同源模建及其结构验证

采用同源模建的方法构建了A1腺苷受体的三维结构,并与拮抗剂分子DPCPX对接,将得到的复合物结构进行5 ns的分子动力学模拟,以最后2 ns的平均结构和平衡后抽取的11帧构象共12个蛋白结构为研究对象,用包含52个活性分子和1000个诱饵分子的测试库,分别通过DOCK、VINA和GOLD三种对接软件进行评价,最终得出合理的蛋白质模型.根据top10%的富集因子(EF)和ROC曲线下面积(AU-ROC)的计算结果,我们认为GOLD是最适合A1腺苷受体的对接软件,而12个蛋白质结构中F5和Favg的三维结构模型比较合理,可以作为进一步大规模虚拟筛选的模型.     

A virtual high throughput screen for high affinity cytochrome P450cam substrates. Implications for in silico prediction of drug metabolism

Structure-based virtual screening techniques require reliable scoring functions to discriminate potential substrates effectively. In this study we compared the performance of GOLD, PMF, DOCK and FlexX scoring functions in FlexX flexible docking to cytochrome P450cam binding site. Crystal structures of protein-substrate complexes were most effectively reproduced by the FlexX/PMF method. On the other hand, the FlexX/GOLD approach provided the best correlation between experimental binding constants and predicted scores. Binding modes selected by the FlexX/PMF approach were rescored by GOLD to obtain a reliable measure of binding energetics. The effectiveness of the FlexX/PMF/GOLD method was demonstrated by the correct classification of 32 out of the 33 experimentally studied compounds and also in a virtual HTS test on a library of 10,000 compounds. Although almost all the available functions were developed to be general, our study on cytochrome P450cam substrates suggests that careful selection or even tailoring the scoring function might increase the prediction power of virtual screens significantly. The FlexX/PMF/GOLD methodology was tested on cytochrome P450 3A4 substrates and inhibitors. This preliminary study revealed that the combined function was able to recognise 334 out of the 345 compounds bound to 3A4.     

时间分辨化学发光分析的研究 I: 金和银的同时化学发光测定

本文根据Luminol-K2S2O8体系中Au(III)和Ag(I)化学发光动力学性质的不同, 建立了金和银的时间分辨化学发光分析法, 研究结果表明, 利用时间分辨化学发光分析法同时测定混合物中多组分是可行的.     

从二聚体到长链体系 I: 一种理解和获得-维能带的近似方法

将二聚体的分子轨道看作Bloch函数受微扰的结果, 对其能级作赝同相和赝反相分类, 获得的一维近似能带与晶体轨道计算得到的能带定性趋势完全一致. 以[Pt(CN)4^2^-]及聚乙炔为代表示范了应用, 表明从二聚体获得长链体系能带与性能的主要信息是可能的.     

Evaluating docking programs: keeping the playing field level

Over recent years many enrichment studies have been published which purport to rigorously compare the performance of two or more docking protocols. It has become clear however that such studies often have flaws within their methodologies, which cast doubt on the rigour of the conclusions. Setting up such comparisons is fraught with difficulties and no best mode of practice is available to guide the experimenter. Careful choice of structural models and ligands appropriate to those models is important. The protein structure should be representative for the target. In addition the set of active ligands selected should be appropriate to the structure in cases where different forms of the protein bind different classes of ligand. Binding site definition is also an area in which errors arise. Particular care is needed in deciding which crystallographic waters to retain and again this may be predicated by knowledge of the likely binding modes of the ligands making up the active ligand list. Geometric integrity of the ligand structures used is clearly important yet it is apparent that published sets of actives + decoys may contain sometimes high proportions of incorrect structures. Choice of protocol for docking and analysis needs careful consideration as many programs can be tweaked for optimum performance. Should studies be run using ‘black box’ protocols supplied by the software provider? Lastly, the correct method of analysis of enrichment studies is a much discussed topic at the moment. However currently promoted approaches do not consider a crucial aspect of a successful virtual screen, namely that a good structural diversity of hits be returned. Overall there is much to consider in the experimental design of enrichment studies. Hopefully this study will be of benefit in helping others plan such experiments.     

树脂担载金催化剂催化氧化羰化胺制对称二脲

树脂担载金催化剂可以高效、高选择性地催化氧化羰化胺制取对称二脲。例如,在使用苯胺作为反应物时,其转化频率达到了1475,选择性达到了99%。此反应中不需要加入其它溶剂,避免了溶剂引起的污染问题,同时催化剂与反应体系易分离,能够得到高纯度的产物。     

光电化学反应的催化I.大颗粒金岛对n-TiO2电极上光电化学过程的催化作用

用溅射、光还原及电沉积法在n-TiO2单晶电极表面上形成了大颗粒金岛,测量了这些电极和纯金电极在H2SO4溶液以及含有Fe[3+]/Fe[2+]的酸溶液中的光电化学极化行为。通过分析和比较这些曲线,确定了大颗粒金岛与n-TiO2单晶的接触具有欧姆结性质。并借助于可换盘旋转环盘电极,在含Ce[3+]的酸溶液中测量了裸TiO2电极及载金TiO2电极上Ce[3+]的竞争光电化学氧化。证实了以大岛形式在TiO2电极表面上分布的催化剂只能催化暗反应,而不能催化光电化学反应。