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This report aims to summarize recent advances in syntheses of fluorenes and derivatives thereof by using methods based on catalytic or stoichiometric transformations of various aromatic compounds induced by transition metal compounds. These methods encompass various inter- and intramolecular processes such as cross-coupling reactions, carbonylations, CH activations, electrophilic aromatic substitutions, cycloaddition reactions of alkenes and alkynes. 相似文献
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《Analytica chimica acta》2003,489(2):165-171
We present here the first study of the effect of substituent groups and the chemical structure of fluorene derivatives on phosphorescent emission. A group of fluorene derivatives have been studied with a new methodology of room-temperature phosphorescence emission called heavy atom induced room-temperature phosphorescence (HAI-RTP). This methodology makes use of RTP emission directly from the compound in fluid solution, without a protective medium but only with the presence of high concentrations of heavy atom perturbers and an oxygen scavenger. These experimental conditions permit sufficient interaction between the perturbers and the phosphors to produce effective population of the triplet states of the latter and, consequently, intense phosphorescent emission. Good deoxygenation conditions are obtained using sodium sulfite as the oxygen scavenger. We show here that it is possible that many fluorene derivatives can exhibit RTP emission in aqueous solutions in the absence of a protective medium. Phosphorescence spectral characteristics of these compounds (excitation and emission wavelengths and lifetime) and the optimization of the chemical variables involved in the phosphorescence phenomenon are reported. Under optimal experimental conditions, calibration graphs and detection and quantification limits in the ng ml−1 level have been established. 相似文献
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Soumen SarkarSukhendu Maiti Krishnendu BeraSwapnadeep Jalal Umasish Jana 《Tetrahedron letters》2012,53(41):5544-5547
An efficient and mild Fe(III)-catalyzed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation of biaryl methanol derivatives has been developed to achieve the substituted fluorene derivatives. The present reaction provides an excellent alternative to published methods because of its high yields, operational simplicity, mild conditions, and use of inexpensive and sustainable catalyst. 相似文献
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A general and efficient synthesis of fluorenes or heterocycle-fused indenes including 3-thia-cyclopenta[a]indenes, 9-thia-indeno[1,2-a]indenes, 5,6-dihydroindeno[2,1-b]indoles has been developed. This methodology is realized by a multistep protocol involving first preparation of ortho-formylbiaryls through Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of o-bromobenzaldehydes with arylboronic acids or the coupling of aryl halides with 2-formylbenzene boronic acid, this is followed by Grignard addition and Friedel-Crafts cyclization reactions catalyzed by Brønsted or Lewis acid to form the desired fluorene or indene rings. The method offers several advantages such as high yields, high selectivities, mild reaction conditions, easily accessible starting materials, and so on. 相似文献
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The synthesis and characterization of new 1,10-phenanthroline-based chromophores LT1, LT2 and LD1 featuring fluorene unit(s) are reported. Their absorption and emission as well as their two-photon absorption properties in the 450-650 nm spectral range are discussed in comparison with the parent 1,10-phenanthroline and already described ligands L1 and L2. 相似文献
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Jaroslaw Spychala 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2006,137(9):1203-1210
Summary. One N-methyl- and 4-substituted 2-imidazolines are described. Fluorene bisimidazolines were obtained in good yield (64–92%), starting
from 2,7-dicyanofluorene and ammonium sulfide. In a two-step procedure the crude bisthioamide was reacted with excess diaminoalkane-ethanol
(1:1 mixture) in an oil bath. This new procedure is superior over standard methods. For the sake of comparison, a new triazine
bisimidazoline was prepared by direct conversion of the appropriate bisnitrile. Preliminary in vitro studies have shown an
interesting anticancer activity of this compound (NSC 710607) against diverse human cancer types, including colon, CNS, melanoma,
breast, non-small cell lung, and ovarian. 相似文献
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