HPLC post column derivatization of aromatic amines usingN-methyl-9-chloroacridinium triflate

An HPLC post column chemical derivatization procedure based on the interaction between an acridinium triflate and amines to form highly colored derivatives on-line is described for the determination of aromatic amines. Benzocaine and butesin, local anesthetic agents that contain the aromatic amine group, were used as model compounds. Reversed-phase HPLC conditions were developed for both the separation of analytes and the reaction between analytes and the acridinium triflate in the system. Three-dimensional knitted teflon shape coils and the internal diameter and length of the coils were important parameters in reducing band broadening and background noise.N-Methyl-9-chloroacridinium triflate was shown to be applicable to the determination of primary aromatic amines, selected secondary aromatic amines, hydrazides, and hydrazines. Application of the on-line chemical derivatization procedure to the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing procainamide (primary aromatic amine), isoniazid (hydrazide), and hydralazine (hydrazine) is also described.     

电子成像均匀约束磁场的产生及测试分析

为增加离子与原子碰撞成像系统中探测电子的立体角，设计了一约束电子的复合型亥姆霍兹线圈装置.对复合型亥姆霍兹线圈的磁场分布进行了理论计算和分析，并对制作的复合型亥姆赫兹线圈产生的磁场进行了实验测量，得出磁场的均匀性好于±0.6%. 关键词： 亥姆霍兹线圈 磁场分布 磁场均匀性     

Self‐Assembly of Coiled Coils in Synthetic Biology: Inspiration and Progress

Biological self‐assembly is very complex and results in highly functional materials. In effect, it takes a bottom‐up approach using biomolecular building blocks of precisely defined shape, size, hydrophobicity, and spatial distribution of functionality. Inspired by, and drawing lessons from self‐assembly processes in nature, scientists are learning how to control the balance of many small forces to increase the complexity and functionality of self‐assembled nanomaterials. The coiled‐coil motif, a multipurpose building block commonly found in nature, has great potential in synthetic biology. In this review we examine the roles that the coiled‐coil peptide motif plays in self‐assembly in nature, and then summarize the advances that this has inspired in the creation of functional units, assemblies, and systems.     

A radiofrequency coil configuration for imaging the human vertebral column at 7 T

We describe the design and testing of a quadrature transmit, eight-channel receive array RF coil configuration for the acquisition of images of the entire human spinal column at 7 T. Imaging parameters were selected to enable data acquisition in a clinically relevant scan time. Large field-of-view (FOV) scanning enabled sagittal imaging of the spine in two or three-stations, depending upon the height of the volunteer, with a total scan time of between 10 and 15 min. A total of 10 volunteers have been scanned, with results presented for the three subjects spanning the range of heights and weights, namely one female (1.6 m, 50 kg), one average male (1.8 m, 70 kg), and one large male (1.9 m, 100 kg).     

螺旋管内高压汽水两相流动沸腾干涸点的研究

在较宽的实验参数范围内(系统压力P=8～15 MPa,质量流速G=800～1800 kg·m~(-2)·s~(-1),壁面热流密度q_w=200～950 kW·m~(-2))对一立式螺旋管内(管内径为10 mm,螺旋直径为300 mm,节距为50 mm)汽水两相流动沸腾干涸特性进行了实验研究。通过研究,获得了干涸发生时螺旋管圈壁温的分布特征以及压力、质量流速和壁面热流密度这三个参数对临界干度的影响规律。同时在实验数据的基础上,提出了一个适用于计算螺旋管内高压高含汽率工况下汽水两相流临界干度的经验关系式。     

Ultrasound velocimetry of ferrofluid spin-up flow measurements using a spherical coil assembly to impose a uniform rotating magnetic field

Ferrofluid spin-up flow is studied within a sphere subjected to a uniform rotating magnetic field from two surrounding spherical coils carrying sinusoidally varying currents at right angles and 90° phase difference. Ultrasound velocimetry measurements in a full sphere of ferrofluid shows no measureable flow. There is significant bulk flow in a partially filled sphere (1-14 mm/s) of ferrofluid or a finite height cylinder of ferrofluid with no cover (1-4 mm/s) placed in the spherical coil apparatus. The flow is due to free surface effects and the non-uniform magnetic field associated with the shape demagnetizing effects. Flow is also observed in the fully filled ferrofluid sphere (1-20 mm/s) when the field is made non-uniform by adding a permanent magnet or a DC or AC excited small solenoidal coil. This confirms that a non-uniform magnetic field or a non-uniform distribution of magnetization due to a non-uniform magnetic field are causes of spin-up flow in ferrofluids with no free surface, while tangential magnetic surface stress contributes to flow in the presence of a free surface.Recent work has fitted velocity flow measurements of ferrofluid filled finite height cylinders with no free surface, subjected to uniform rotating magnetic fields, neglecting the container shape effects which cause non-uniform demagnetizing fields, and resulting in much larger non-physical effective values of spin viscosity η′∼10⁻⁸−10⁻¹² N s than those obtained from theoretical spin diffusion analysis where η′≤10⁻¹⁸ N s. COMSOL Multiphysics finite element computer simulations of spherical geometry in a uniform rotating magnetic field using non-physically large experimental fit values of spin viscosity η′∼10⁻⁸−10⁻¹² N s with a zero spin-velocity boundary condition at the outer wall predicts measureable flow, while simulations setting spin viscosity to zero (η′=0) results in negligible flow, in agreement with the ultrasound velocimetry measurements. COMSOL simulations also confirm that a non-uniform rotating magnetic field or a uniform rotating magnetic field with a non-uniform distribution of magnetization due to an external magnet or a current carrying coil can drive a measureable flow in an infinitely long ferrofluid cylinder with zero spin viscosity (η′=0).     

在单一和连续等离子体放电条件下KSTAR PF线圈的运行特性分析

我们使用分析程序SAITOKSCPF研究了KSTAR PF 超导线圈的运行特性.为了控制KSTAR超导托卡马克的运行等离子的外形以便实现受控热核聚变反应,在超导PF线圈内通过高变化率的运行电流.由于电磁感应,在超导线圈、支持结构和低温容器内产生感应电流和损耗.超临界氦流过CICC导体内部保持超导体运行在4.2K的温度.分析表明最大的温度在PF1线圈内部.在这篇论文中,我们对于单一和连续条件下等离子体放电对超导体运行的影响进行了研究.     

Surface coil imaging of rat spine at 7.0 T

An inductively coupled surface coil for imaging the rat spine at 7 T is described. This planar circular probe was made from microwave substrate to limit the size of the coil and to minimize the magnetic susceptibility. The surface coil was used as a single transmit/receive coil and as a receive-only coil with a birdcage body coil for excitation. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the probe was compared to a 5-cm birdcage coil and exceeded the birdcage coil's SNR by three to six times at superficial structures. The main advantages of the probe are an improved SNR for superficial structures and a simple design and use. Images with 50 × 50 × 500 μm voxels were obtained of the rat spine with excellent anatomical detail.     

HT—7U超导托克马克纵场线圈等效模量的数值分析

HT－7U托克马克装置的纵场线圈是由多种材料组成的具有周期性分布的大型复杂结构，线圈可视为由超导线、支撑结构和绝缘材料组成的复合材料，结构极其复杂。整个线圈工作在液氦温区。在设计阶段对其宏观等效力学性能进行数值分析计算是十分必要的，但要对整个线圈直接进行有限元分析或实验是极其困难的，主要利用均匀化方法对其进行等效处理，从而分析计算其宏观等效模量，为线圈的设计和评估提供参考依据。另外本文对均匀化方法的边界条件进行了一些改进，提出了更加合理的三维边界条件。     

Thermal diffusion of dilute polymer solutions

In this paper diffusion of a dilute solution of elastic dumbbell model macromolecules under non-isothermal conditions is studied. Using the center of mass definition for the local polymer concentration, the diffusive flux contains a thermal diffusion dyadic d _T .  To get some idea of thermal diffusion d _T is evaluated for steady state isothermal conditions. Explicit results are presented for some homogeneous flows. It is shown that if the polymeric number density is defined via the beads (of the dumbbell) – termed n _b – then the diffusive flux j contains , where τ ^c is the intramolecular contribution to the bulk stress. Though the form of the diffusion equation for n _b thus differs from the corresponding one for n, it is shown that for essentially unbounded systems differences between n and n _b are small. Since the results involve the translational diffusion coefficient they can readily be taken over for Rouse coils. Received: 23 September 1997 Accepted: 5 June 1998