Vertical distribution of mercury in the Krka river estuary

The concentrations of reactive and total mercury (in the UV-irradiated samples) were measured in unfiltered and acidified samples by atomic absorption. The samples were collected in the vertical profile on one selected station in the Krka river estuary (Croatia) during 1997–2000. The estuary is permanently stratified and characterized by the subsurface temperature maxima. The maximum concentrations of reactive and total mercury range from 0.9 to 3.3?ng?L^?1, and from 1.3 to 6.0?ng?L^?1, respectively. The vertical transport of mercury across the picnocline is enhanced under the influence of a north wind.     

基于动态模态分解的长江口海表温度时空分布特征重构研究

河口近海海域的海表温度分布特征对于深入理解海洋热力、动力过程及海气相互作用等自然过程及综合效应具有重要意义。卫星数据重构是精确获取动态大面积海表温度数据的重要手段,采用非线性系统的动态模态分解（dynamic mode decomposition,DMD）数据分析方法,利用2003年1月至2016年7月的MODIS\SST数据,经剔除异常数据、填补空白数据后,重构了2016年8月至2019年12月长江口海洋表面温度数据,并评估了重构效果。研究结果表明,在时序数据充足的情况下,DMD算法能很好地解决动态系统的采样问题。DMD结合正交三角（orthogonal right triangular,QR）分解算法能有效重构长江口的海表温度数据,平均均方根误差（root mean square error,RMSE）为0.007 6。进一步分析发现,无论是DMD算法还是DMD结合QR分解算法,还原结果精度都较高。     

The application of Dirac matrices and Pauli matrices for the theory of plasticity

We are primarily concerned in this paper with the problem of plasticity. The solution of the problem of stress-increment for plasticity can be put into extremely compact form by famous Dirac matrices and Pauli matrices of quantum electrodynamics.     

A vertically moving grid finite‐element modelling of tidal flow in the Changjiang Estuary,China

An estuarine two‐dimensional vertical finite‐element model of tidal flow has been established by laterally integrating Navier–Stokes equation. To this end, a moving grid finite‐element method has been used. An arbitrarily shaped quadrilateral element has been selected. This model has been validated by using field data from two monitoring stations at the North Passage of the Changjiang Estuary. Using this numerical model, two types of modelled results were obtained: (1) vertical distributions of tidal current velocities at the North Passage of the Changjiang Estuary; (2) longitudinal distributions of tidal current velocities at maximum flood tide, at high slack water, at maximum ebb tide and at low slack water tide at the North Passage of the Changjiang Estuary. The conclusion is that the model provides a reasonable agreement with observed data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Types of saltwater intrusion of the Changjiang Estuary

The Changjiang Estuary is characterized by multi-order bifurcations, unsteady submerged sandbars, mid-channel sandbars, creeks and riffles. The following four types of saltwater intrusion are found: (1) direct intrusion from the sea; (2) intrusion during tidal flooding; (3) intrusion from tidal flats overflow; and (4) salt water coming upstream through other waterways. These result in a complicated temporal and spatial salinity distribution. A high chlorinity concentration zone exists from the Liuhekou to the Sidongkou along the South Branch. The salinity during neap tide or ordinary tide is higher than during spring tide.     

Behavior of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in biota of Yangtze Estuary

The contents of zinc, copper, lead and cadmium were measured in the dominant species (plants: Scripus triquetor and Phrgrmites australis, macrobenthos: llyoplax deschampsin, Helice tridens tientsinensis, Bullacta exarata and Corbicula fluminea, and migrating waders: Calidris ruficollis and C. alpina) of the ecosystem of Yangtze Estuary, China, from 1995-1998. Results show that:     

Hermitian space-time finite elements for estuarine mass transport

Space-time finite element solutions of the convection–dispersion equation using higher-order nodal continuity and Hermitian polynomial shape functions are described. Five separate elements ranging from a complete linear element with C^0,0 nodal continuity to a complete first-order Hermitian element with C^1,1 nodal continuity are subjected to detailed analysis. Wave deformation analyses identify the source of leading or trailing edge oscillations, trailing edge oscillations being the major source of difficulty. These observations are confirmed by numerical experiments which further demonstrate the potential of higher-order nodal continuity. The performance of the complete first-order Hermitian element is quite satisfactory and measurably superior to the linear element.     

Fractional step algorithm for estuarine mass transport

A successful and economical fractional step algorithm for the convection-dispersion-reaction equation is described. Exact solutions are adopted for the reaction and convection steps, the latter by the introduction of a moving co-ordinate system. The dispersion step uses an optimized finite difference algorithm which specifically accommodates the grid non-uniformity. The excellent performance of the algorithm is confirmed by numerical experiments together with computations of the Fourier response and integrated square error characteristics.     

黄河口海域悬浮物浓度Landsat8 OLI分段线性反演

黄河每年输送大量泥沙进入渤海。研究黄河口海域悬浮物浓度，对于黄河输沙以及周边海域的环境监测具有重要意义。利用2011年夏、冬两季实测遥感反射率以及同步测量悬浮物浓度数据，开展了黄河口海域悬浮物浓度分段线性反演研究。结果表明，不同浓度范围下，悬浮物浓度反演的敏感波段不同；浓度小于等于50 mg·L-1(≤50 mg·L-1)，敏感比值波段为(600~700 nm)/(400~600 nm)，浓度高于50 mg·L-1(＞50 mg·L-1)，敏感比值波段为(750~900 nm)/(420~720 nm)，Landsat8 OLI的对应组合方式分别为B4/B2和B5/B3；根据上述浓度分段范围分别建立线性模型，其精度R2，RMSE和APD分别为0.873 5，4.08 mg·L-1和22.81%(≤50 mg·L-1)，以及0.969 3，102.96 mg·L-1和17.51%(＞50 mg·L-1)，整个浓度下三个精度参数分别为0.975 3，67.03 mg·L-1和20.45%，均优于常用单一模型在分段和整体浓度下的相应参数，且具有良好的稳定性。分段线性模型，更适合浓度变化大的黄河口海域悬浮物浓度反演。     

春、夏季长江口溶解态重金属的时空分布特征及其污染评价

根据2009年春季（5月）和夏季（8月）对长江口的调查监测资料,研究了海水中溶解态重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg）的时空分布特征,探讨了其影响机理,并对其污染水平进行了污染评价.结果表明,各重金属的质量浓度、空间波动程度在春、夏季,表、底层均存在一定的差异;Cu、Hg的污染最严重,且夏季污染水平高于春季;Cu与Pb之间有显著的正相关性,Zn与盐度之间有显著的负相关性,其余重金属与盐度之间无显著的相关性;各重金属的平面分布可以分为沿岸条带状高值区、沿岸-离岸联片高值区、点源发散状高值区;研究海域重金属的分布受自身特性和外界环境因子影响,沿岸高值区的形成主要受陆源输入和海水稀释的制约,离岸高值区的形成与悬浮体解吸和海底沉积物释放有关.