Corrosion and biological behavior of nanostructured 316L stainless steel processed by severe plastic deformation

Nanostructured metals have different mechanical, chemical, and physical behaviors in comparison with the microstructured ones. Numerous research studies demonstrated that the biological behavior of nanostructured metallic implants was improved significantly. Concerning the nanostructured metals, decreasing the corrosion rate and the releasing of hazardous ions from metallic implants, and thus increasing the biocompatibility of implants are due to improving the native oxide layer. In the present study, nanostructured 316L stainless steel (biomedical grade) was manufactured via equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method. To do so, the 316L stainless steel (SS) was exposed to the ECAP operation for eight passes. The impact of the ECAP process on corrosion behavior of SS samples was evaluated through performing the electrochemical polarization corrosion tests in Ringer's solution. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the surface morphology of common SS and ECAPed SS sample after the electrochemical polarization tests. Moreover, the biological behavior of the samples was evaluated via cell culture using fibroblast cells. The corrosion test results revealed a substantial decrease of corrosion rate from 3.12 (coarse‐grained sample) to 0.42 μA cm^?2 (for nanostructured). Furthermore, the cell proliferation in the interface of nanostructured sample and cell culture medium enhanced dramatically compared with the coarse‐grained one. The much better biological behavior of nanostructured SS sample in comparison with the coarse‐grained one is mostly due to the significant decrease of corrosion rate on the surface of SS samples, and the presence of much more chrome oxide on the surface of SS sample. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

等径角挤压后Ti5553钛合金的冲蚀磨损机理演变

本文中系统研究了经等径角挤压(ECAE)处理后的Ti5553钛合金在海砂环境中的冲蚀磨损机理演变历程和失效原因.发现Ti5553钛合金在高角度冲蚀工况下,其冲蚀磨损机理从初期的微切削转变为冲击挤压变形,并保持稳定;合金显微组织中弥散的α相以及ECAE工艺影响了冲蚀机理演变过程及冲蚀磨损程度;提高合金的强度、韧塑性对于抵抗冲蚀磨损起到了促进作用.     

Effects of severe plastic deformation on the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloys

Effects of severe plastic deformation on the corrosion behaviors of Al alloys containing precipitates have been investigated. Al and its alloys were severely deformed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) processes and the corrosion behaviors of the Al alloys were evaluated by means of potentiodynamic polarization in a neutral buffer solution containing 0.002 M chloride ion. Introduction of huge plastic deformation to both of Al-5.4 wt% Ni and Al-5 wt% Cu alloys increased pitting potential. In contrast, ECAP treatment of 4N pure Al resulted in a decrease in open circuit potential, slight increase of passive current and shift of pitting potential to the negative direction. The influence of the change in microstructures caused by severe plastic deformation was investigated. Contribution to the Fall Meeting of the European Materials Research Society, Symposium D: 9th International Symposium on Electrochemical/Chemical Reactivity of Metastable Materials, Warsaw, 17th-21st September, 2007     

Microstructure investigation of equal channel angular pressed aluminium by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy

In the present work, investigations on the microstructure of a commercial purity 1100 aluminum that had been subjected to moderate to strong deformation (strains of 1 to 4) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) were carried out using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microcopy (SEM). A significant grain refinement and development of heterogeneous microstructure after ECAP were observed. High precision XRD and SEM investigations provided useful results on the dissolution of coherent iron rich precipitates, previously formed in the aluminium matrix, by ECAP deformation process. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

剪切应变量对Al-3%Mg多晶材料性能的影响

本文采用内角为105°、外角为45°的模具对多晶Al-3;Mg材料进行了等径角挤压实验,研究了等径角挤压的剪切应变量对其力学性能的影响.结果表明:等径角挤压可以显著改善多晶Al-3;Mg材料的力学性能,而且剪切应变量的大小与材料的力学性能密切相关.经过等径角挤压,Al-3;Mg合金的抗拉强度和硬度得到显著提高,其中抗拉强度提高146.8;,硬度提高104.7;,而等径角挤压一次后,Al-3;Mg合金延伸率由5.85;下降至4.59;,此后材料的延伸率得到改善.     

ECAP过程压头压力的分析——试验与模拟

结合试验与数值模拟探讨了等通道转角挤压（EqualChannelAngularPressing,简称ECAP）过程中影响压头压力的主要因素。通过试验考察了A、Ba、Bc、C等四种挤压路径下压头压力测试的统计平均分布特征和大小、挤压速度对于压头压力的影响、其它影响压头压力的因素;试验结果显示了不同路径、不同挤压道次对压头压力大小的影响及压力值的显著差别。另外,针对等通道转角挤压过程中模具的转角角度、转角半径、模具与挤压试样之间的摩擦条件等因素与压头中压力的关系,采用有限元方法进行了大应变数值模拟。模拟结果显示：较小的模具转角、较大的转角曲率、粗糙的接触表面会显著增加压头中压力;试验与模拟研究可为ECAP过程及类似加工过程的力学分析提供参考。