茶叶中三氯螨杀醇残留量的快速HPLC测定法

用微量化技术处理茶叶样品，样品经石油醚提取、浓硫酸磺化后，用反相液相色谱分离、测定样品处理液中的三氯杀螨醇残留量，２３４ｎｍ检测，外标法定量。测定低限为０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，回收率为９１．５％～９９．３％，变异系数为１．５３％～６．９２％之间。     

Effect of temperature,collection mode,and modifier on the supercritical CO2 extraction of dicofol residues from fish samples

Toxicity evaluation of Dicofol to Astyanax bimaculatus schubarti, a characteristic fish species living in tropical rivers and lakes was carried out through LC₅₀ – 96 Hours. These experiments were performed under laboratory controlled conditions with atmospheric air flow and dilution water at 25°C in the static mode, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with pure CO₂ and CO₂ modified with hexane and methanol were used at 50, 70, 80, and 100°C and 300 atm. Several collection modes were studied to extract Dicofol from fish samples. The extraction efficiencies were directly comparedd with those obtained after 8 h of Soxhlet extraction using the same clean-up with Florisil and analysis by HRGC/ECD and HRGC/MS as a confirmatory analytical technique. The SFE recoveries at temperatures lower than 80°C were typically lower than soxhlet recoveries; however a temperature increase enhanced the efficiency of SFE. The results showed that under certain conditions, supercritical fluid gave higher extractio power (extracted 11 % more pesticide), shorter extraction time, and lower solvent consumption than Soxhlet, thus affording an excellent alternative to the conventional method for extracting Dicofol from fish sample.     

Dual‐template magnetic molecularly imprinted particles with multi‐hollow structure for the detection of dicofol and chlorpyrifos‐methyl

In this work, a novel dual‐template magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer particle for dicofol and chlorpyrifos‐methyl was prepared through oil‐in‐water emulsifier‐free emulsion technology. The resulting magnetic particles were characterized with electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. It was found that as‐prepared particles were well‐shaped spheres with multi‐hollow structures and of a size around 125 μm. Meanwhile it showed a good magnetic sensitivity. The results testified that multi‐hollow magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers possessed excellent recognition capacity and fast kinetic binding behavior to the objective molecules. The maximum binding amounts toward dicofol and chlorpyrifos‐methyl were 31.46 and 25.23 mg/g, respectively. The feasibility of the use of the particles as a solid‐phase extraction sorbent was evaluated. Satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.62 to 111.47 and 91.07 to 94.03% were obtained for dicofol and chlorpyrifos‐methyl, respectively, spiked at three concentration levels from real samples. The Langmuir isotherm equation provided an excellent fit to the equilibrium sorption data of either dicofol or chlorpyrifos‐methyl. It provided a novel way to advise dual‐template magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer particles to adsorb pesticides with high selectivity.     

Electrochemical Determination of Dicofol at Nickel Nanowire Modified Poly(p‐aminophenol) Film Electrode

An electrochemical sensor was fabricated by construction of nickel nanowires on the surface of poly(p‐aminophenol) (PPAP) modified glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical response of dicofol, a known pesticide and used for agricultural activities such as cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, were investigated and the results were compared with those obtained unmodified electrodes. Following the optimization of NaOH concentration, polymerization cycle number, Ni nanowire amount, the linear range for the dicofol was studied and found as 0.83–30.7 μmol L^?1 (R²=0.9981) at Ni/PPAP/GCE with a 0.08 μmol L^?1 detection limit according to S/N=3. Finally, the proposed Ni/PPAP/GCE sensor was successfully applied for the dicofol analysis in soil samples. The characterization of the developed surface was carried out by scanning electron microscopy and X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

Determination of dicofol in aquatic products using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction coupled with GC-ECD detection

The novel molecularly imprinted microsphere (MIM) that could be applied as special sorbent was synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization using 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,2,2-tetrachloroethane (α-chloro-DDT) as the dummy template. The obtained MIM exhibited good recognition and selectivity to dicofol and it was successfully applied as selective sorbent of solid-phase extraction for the determination of dicofol from aquatic products. At the optimum conditions of the molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) coupled with GC-ECD, good linearity for dicofol was achieved in a range of 0.4-100 ng g⁻¹ (r² = 0.9995) and the recoveries at three spiked levels were ranged from 85.8% to 101.2% for aquatic products with the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 5.6%. The presented MISPE-GC-ECD method exhibited the advantages of simplicity, selectivity and sensitivity, and could be potentially applied to the determination of dicofol in complicated aquatic products.     

茶叶中三氯杀螨醇残留量的微波萃取-固相微萃取-气相色谱快速检测方法

建立了微波辅助萃取-固相微萃取-气相色谱/电子捕获检测法快速测定茶叶中三氯杀螨醇的方法。采用自制的PDMS萃取头,优化了萃取溶剂的种类,微波辐射时间和微波功率等微波辅助萃取条件;研究了SPME萃取时间、搅拌速度、离子强度、解吸温度和解吸时间对萃取效率的影响。方法对三氯杀螨醇的检出限为0.048 ng/mL,线性范围为0.2~200 ng/mL。在优化的实验条件下,对乌龙茶进行添加回收试验,平均回收率为61.3%~72.8%,相对标准偏差为8.0%~16.3%。本方法适合于茶叶中痕量三氯杀螨醇快速检测。     

两种前处理方法应用于气相色谱-质谱联用测定水产品中三氯杀螨醇残留量

建立了两种样品前处理方法应用于气相色谱串联质谱法测定水产品中三氯杀螨醇残留量。样品经氯化钠配合乙腈/水均质研磨,超声辅助提取,提取液经净化后,供气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)分析。采用选择离子扫描方式(SIM),外标法定量。在优化前处理和上机条件下测试,三氯杀螨醇检出限(S/N≥10)为0.006mg/kg,在加标水平0.01～0.10mg/kg范围内,方法Ⅰ的回收率为76.8%～110.3%,RSD为3.06%～9.43%;方法Ⅱ的回收率为76.6%～100.4%,RSD为3.21%～8.35%。该方法的准确度和精密度符合农残分析要求,可为我国水产品出口提供技术支持。     

三氯杀螨醇对黑斑蛙胆囊渗透压的影响

分别用不同剂量的三氯杀螨醇对黑斑蛙（Rana nigromaculata）成体隔日进行腹部淋巴囊注射,处理7d后,用露点渗透压仪测量黑斑蛙的胆囊渗透压。结果表明,与对照相比,2mg/kg组黑斑蛙的胆囊渗透压下降,而4、8mg/kg组反而上升,说明三氯杀螨醇对黑斑蛙成体胆囊具有毒性效应。