Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with pseudo-Sadtler retention indices, for the identification of components in the essential oil of Curcuma longa L.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to the cyclohexane extract of Curcuma longa L. The chromatographic conditions generated retention indices very close i.e., greater than 99.9%, to those reported for structures in the Sadtler Standard Gas Chromatography Retention Index Library. In addition to the extensively reported sesquiterpene ketones, this essential oil extract contained a series of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Wiley mass spectra library matching for the free fatty acids, their trimethylsilyl esters and methyl esters narrowed their identity down to a few candidates. Combining this information with the retention indices of the fatty acid methyl esters in the Sadtler library allowed the identification of some of the double bond positions.     

Determination of the curcuminoid pigments in turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val) by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Summary A rapid, simple and reproducible reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the quantitative determination of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin in ethanolic extracts of turmeric. The pigments were separated on a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer column (Hamilton PRP-1), using an acetonitrile-water (5545, v/v) mobile phase. The pigments were monitored with a diode-array detector at 425 nm. The limit of detection was 10.2 ng curcumin, 11.1 ng demethoxycurcumin and 6.2 ng bis-demethoxycurcumin. Comparison of HPLC and spectrophotometric results for the determination of the total curcuminoid content for a number of turmeric samples, reveal that the spectrophotometric method invariably yielded higher results, indicating an overestimation of curcuminoids.     

Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin in Methamphetamine-Induced Toxicity

Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol extracted from rhizome of the Curcuma longa L, has received great attention for its multiple potential health benefits as well as disease prevention. For instance, CUR protects against toxic agents acting on the human body, including the nervous system. In detail, CUR possesses, among others, strong effects as an autophagy activator. The present study indicates that CUR counteracts methamphetamine (METH) toxicity. Such a drug of abuse is toxic by disturbing the autophagy machinery. We profited from an unbiased, low variable cell context by using rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line. In such a system, a strong protection was exerted by CUR against METH toxicity. This was associated with increased autophagy flux, merging of autophagosomes with lysosomes and replenishment of autophagy vacuoles with LC3, which instead is moved out from the vacuoles by METH. This is expected to enable the autophagy machinery. In fact, while in METH-treated cells the autophagy substrates α-synuclein accumulates in the cytosol, CUR speeds up α-synuclein clearance. Under the effects of CUR LC3 penetrate in autophagy vacuoles to commit them to cell clearance and promotes the autophagy flux. The present data provide evidence that CUR counteracts the neurotoxic effects induced by METH by promoting autophagy.     

渐进子窗口比较法比较分析温郁金挥发油

运用化学计量学方法探索姜科植物温郁金不同药材的挥发油色谱指纹图谱中化学成分的异同.指纹图谱数据由高效液相色谱法获得,流动相为乙腈-0.20%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温20 ℃,光谱记录范围为200～340 nm.应用渐进子窗口比较法对中药温郁金、温莪术及片姜黄挥发油指纹图谱-光谱数据进行比较分析.经比较,温郁金和温莪术的色谱指纹图谱中,至少分别有15和6种单独的化学成分存在,两者的共有的化学成分有18种;温莪术与片姜黄的共有化学成分13种,而单独存在的化学成分至少分别有4和7种.     

Simultaneous quantification of curcuminoids and xanthorrhizol in Curcuma xanthorrhiza by high-performance liquid chromatography

A new method for simultaneous quantification of curcuminoids and xanthorrhizol (XNT) in Curcuma xanthorrhiza was developed and validated using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array UV–Vis detector. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Phenomenex C18 at room temperature with the mobile-phase acetonitrile ?0.001% formic acid in gradient elution system and delivered at a flow rate of 1?mL/min. Detection wavelength 425?nm was used for curcuminoids and 224?nm for XNT. System suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, and stability were evaluated and were found in good agreement with Association of Official Analytical Chemists guidelines for single-laboratory validation. The proposed method was found to be precise, accurate, and reliable and also could be applied for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of curcuminoids and XNT in C. xanthorriza raw material and its herbal medicinal product.     

Bisabocurcumin, a new skeleton curcuminoid from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.

A new skeleton bisabolane-type sesquiterpene curcuminoid,bisabocurcumin(1),along with 5 known compounds,curcumin(2), demethoxycurcumin(3),bidemethoxycurcumin(4),(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-penta-1,4-dien-3-one(5),and (1E,4E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-hydroxy phenyl-)-penta-1,4-dien-3-one(6)were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.Bisabocurcumin(1) is firstly obtained from nature with a new skeleton combined by a bisabolane-type sesquiterpene and a 1,7-diphenylheptanoid through a C-C bond.     

姜黄超临界提取物的高效液相色谱分析

用液相色谱-质谱和紫外-可见光谱对姜黄超临界提取物中的3种主要成分进行了定性分析,用高效液相色谱进行了定量分析。实验条件：用Hypersil C18为分离柱,甲醇-水(体积比40：60)为流动相,检测波长428nm,柱温40℃;姜黄素进样量在0．12～1．2μg范围内与峰面积线形关系良好(r=0．9994),平均回收率102％,重现性的RSD为1、74％(n=6)。分析结果表明超临界CO2萃取的姜黄提取物中含对二脱甲氧基姜黄素、脱甲氧基姜黄素和姜黄素,姜黄提取物中的总姜黄素含量约为90％。     

郁金药材中姜黄素类成分含量测定方法研究

开展了郁金药材中姜黄素类成分的含量测定的研究,确立了姜黄素的优化提取条件,建立了姜黄素的高效液相色谱含量测定方法。通过筛选,发现以60％乙醇回流,15倍药材溶剂量,提取时间1h,提取次数1次对姜黄素的提取较完全。姜黄素在0．0265～0．2648μg范围内线性关系良好。精密度、稳定性和重复性的RSD均小于2％,平均加标回收率为99。73％,RSD为1．41％。     

Quantitative analysis of sesquiterpenes and comparison of three Curcuma wenyujin herbal medicines by micro matrix solid phase dispersion coupled with MEEKC

A simple, efficient and environmental friendly method was proposed for determining five sesquiterpenoids of Curcuma wenyujin by MSPD extraction coupled with MEEKC separation. Molecular sieve was applied as a solid support for extraction of sesquiterpenoids for the first time. Various parameters affecting extraction and separation efficiency were investigated. The optimized conditions involved dispersing sample (200 mg) with 200 mg of TS‐1 for 150 s and using 1000 μL of methanol to elute five target analytes. Finally, they were well separated by using a running buffer containing 1.3% SDS, 5.0% 1‐butanol, 0.5% ethyl acetate and 10% acetonitrile in 10 mM borate buffer at pH 9.0. Consequently, the developed method was fully validated and successfully applied to determine the five sesquiterpenoids including curdine, curcumenol, germacrone, furanodiene and β‐elemene in Curcuma wenyujin origin's Chinese herbal medicines. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed based on the contents of target compounds for distinguishing steamed and non‐steamed drugs. The present study provided a promising method for fast investigation and discrimination of chemical difference in steam & non‐steamed Chinese medicines from Curcuma wenyujin origin.