车前子中多糖含量的测定

采用蒽酮-硫酸法比色测定，用精制车前子多糖测得车前子多糖对葡萄糖的换算因子，对我国同属不同品种的车前子不同采集时间及炮制前后其多糖含量进行了比较研究。结果表明：此测定方法简便可行。供试液在8h内显色稳定，重现性较好，平均回收率为97．8％，RSD=1．41％(n=5)。江西吉安产大粒车前子生品多糖含量在9．15％～9．83％之间，炮制后其多糖含量在6．29％～6.81％之间；南昌新祺周车前GAP标准基地的大粒车前子生品多糖含量为7.85％～8．38％，炮制后其多糖含量为6．01％～6．64％；东北产的小粒车前子生品多糖含量为6．61％，炮制后其多糖含量为6．45％。     

网间交联型增韧环氧树脂/蓖麻油聚氨酯互穿网络聚合物的动态力学性能和形态结构

以增韧环氧树脂(TEP)和蓖麻油聚氨酯[PU(CO)]形成的互穿网络聚合物(IPN),两网络间具有一定数量的交联点,在一定组成下,该IPN的tanδ-T曲线半峰宽达100℃,tanδ最大值接近1,阻尼性能良好。形态研究表明,该IPN既有增韧环氧树脂本身的两相结构,又有IPN的两相结构。     

Neutral lipids from seeds of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cercis siliquastrum,Sapium sebiferum</Emphasis>, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Koelreuteria paniculata</Emphasis>

The chemical composition of neutral lipids from seeds of Cercis siliquastrum, Sapium sebiferum, and Koelreuteria paniculata were studied. Characteristic features of their individual classes were established. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 318–319, July–August, 2007     

两组份互穿网络聚合物的合成研究

以蓖麻油聚氨酯和聚醚聚氨酯的不同重量比与光敏剂、催化剂、稀释剂、促进剂所组成的多相体系为反应物,分别在紫外光照射和加热的条件下合成网络Ⅰ和网络Ⅱ的互穿网络聚合物(IPN)。改变网络Ⅱ聚醚聚氨酯中各组份的摩尔比制得系列样品。红外光谱,应力-应变曲线和动态力学性能测定发现,样品的力学性能与两组份重量比和网络Ⅱ中不同组成都存在着一定关系。这些结果,为该体系IPN的合成和应用提供了一定依据。     

GC-MS法测定粮谷及油料中55种有机磷农药残留量

采用ASE-300快速溶剂萃取仪提取样品中农药残留量,提取液经二氯甲烷液-液分配、凝胶色谱柱（GPC）净化,固相萃取柱（活性炭）再净化,浓缩定容后,用气相色谱-质谱仪（GC-MS）测定,外标法定量.采用选择离子检测进行阳性确证.选择玉米、糙米、大豆、花生为实验样品、敌敌畏等55种农药添加水平在0.5～2.00 mg/kg时,该方法回收率为68%～117%;精密度为4.04%～11.76%;方法测定低限为0.005～0.100 mg/kg,各项指标均满足有关要求.     

Influence of the tannin structure on the disruption effect of carbohydrates on protein-tannin aggregates

The disrupting effect of three different ionic carbohydrates (xanthan, pectin and gum arabic) on the formation of tannin-protein insoluble aggregates was assessed by nephelometry using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and several procyanidin fractions previously extracted from grape seeds. The presence in solution of any of the carbohydrates studied was found to restrain the formation of insoluble protein-tannin aggregates for every procyanidin fraction used. Xanthan was the most effective carbohydrate, whereas gum arabic was the least effective. The present work has revealed that the disrupting effect of carbohydrates is quite different depending on the procyanidin structure complexity. In general, the three carbohydrates studied revealed a similar trend in that their disrupting effect on tannin-BSA aggregate formation decreased with increase of the procyanidin degree of polymerization.     

Synthesis of monodispersed organic-inorganic hybrid spheres

This paper describes the attempt to prepare a new group of monodispersed silica-polymer hybrid particles, which consists of silica and amide polymer: poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(2-ethyloxazoline) (POXZ). Preparation method is based on the growth of hybrid seeds by the addition of TEOS-polymer solution.Monodispersed PVP-silica hybrid particles of 1.24 µm in diameter were prepared by growing the hybrid seeds of 0.54 µm by the addition of TEOS-PVP solution with ammonia catalyst. In the case of POXZ-silica particles, addition of TEOS-POXZ solution to the solution containing 0.54 µm seeds resulted in monodispersed POXZ-silica hybrid particles and four times repetition of the addition for particle growth gave the hybrid particles of the diameter of 1.6 µm.Improvement of mechanical properties of hybrid particles was observed when the particles were heated at 100 200°C.     

植物油的质谱分析：1.蓖麻油

运用一种植物油的系统分析方法测定蓖麻油的精细组分，这包括皂化，ＢＦ３－ＭｅＯＨ甲基化，ＧＣ－ＣＩＭＳ法测定脂肪酸碳链长度和不饱和度，ＡＭＰ衍生化，ＧＣ－ＥＩＭＳ测定不饱和脂肪酸的双链位置，分析了蓖麻油的十一种脂肪酸组分，有五个为未知组分，并测定了其中三个组分的双链位置。     

Enantioseparation of chiral aromatic amino acids by capillary electrophoresis in neutral and charged cyclodextrin selector modes

Simultaneous enantioseparations of 15 racemic aromatic amino acids and L-mimosine for their chiral discrimination were achieved by neutral selector-modified capillary electrophoresis (CE) and by charged selector-modified CE. Among the diverse cyclodextrins (CDs) examined, hydroxypropyl (HP)-alpha-CD as the neutral selector and highly sulfated (HS)-gamma-CD as the charged selector provided best chiral environments of different enantioselectivities. Fairly good enantiomeric resolutions were achieved with the HP-alpha-CD mode except for racemic 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine and homophenylalanine while high-resolution separations of all the enantiomeric pairs were achieved in the HS-gamma-CD mode except that L-mimosine was not detected and a partial resolution (0.6) for threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine enantiomers. Relative migration times to that of internal standard under the respective optimum conditions were characteristic of each enantiomer with good precision (% RSD: 0.7-3.8), thereby enabling to cross-check the chemical identification of aromatic amino acids and also their chiralities. The method linearity was found to be adequate (r> 0.99) for the chiral assay of the aromatic amino acids investigated. When applied to extracts of three plant seeds, nonprotein amino acids such as L-mimosine (42 nug/g) from Mimosa pudica Linné, and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (268 nug/g) from Vicia faba were positively detected along with L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine.     

Evaluation of synthesized green carbon catalyst from waste date pits for tertiary butylation of phenol

The present study is intended to adopt a facile method for preparing a sulphonated green carbon catalyst from date pits biomass. Catalyst synthesis involves in situ carbonization and sulphonation and it has been characterized by following techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, TGA, and BET. Surface and internal morphology results exhibited that the synthesized sulphonated carbon material possesses a mesoporous structure, while activated carbon possesses a microporous structure. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the presence of acidic groups (OH, COOH, and SO₃H) in synthesized sulphonated carbon material. Sulphonated carbon material exhibited high acidity (4.7 mmol/g) and good thermal stability. The application of this catalyst for the tertiary butylation of phenol without using any solvent has been investigated. The phenol alkylation reaction showed maximum conversion at reaction condition: temperature (140 °C) with 2 bar (nitrogen gas) pressure with maximum phenol conversion 79.27 wt%, with 68.01% selectivity towards 4TBP+2,4TBP, which is used as an intermediate in antioxidants. The catalyst exhibits comparable catalytic performance up to five reaction cycles. Thus it can be concluded that waste date pits can be successfully employed for green catalyst synthesis and used for reactions involving large molecules.