壳聚糖表面修饰的SiO2负载Ni-B非晶态合金的制备及催化性能

以壳聚糖(CS)对SiO2进行表面修饰, 采用浸渍还原法制备了负载型Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂(Ni-B/CS/SiO2), 并采用XRD、FTIR、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP)、BET、XPS、TEM、SAED等表征方法研究了催化剂的非晶性质、原子组成、尺寸分布及粒径大小等. 考察了催化剂对糠醇加氢制四氢糠醇反应的催化性能, 并与没有壳聚糖修饰的Ni-B/SiO2催化剂及Raney Ni催化剂进行了对比. 结果表明, 加入壳聚糖制得的Ni-B/CS/SiO2催化剂的活性组分Ni-B团簇粒径更小, 表面活性组分浓度更高, 催化活性更高.     

242-260nm波长区CS2分子的多光子解离电离

在242－260nm波氏范围通过CS2分子的共振增强多光子电离（REMPI）获得了母体离子CS和碎片离子的分质量激发谱．在λ＜246.4nm区间，CS激发谱上呈现出来源于CS2双光子电离的弥散谱带,碎片离子激发谱的归属强烈提示多光子过程中有中性基电子态的CS和S（经由CS2的光解离）产生：（1）CS 的谱带主要来源于中性CS碎片经由单光子跃迁产生的（1＋1）共振增强电离，（2）除了部分S 的谱峰来自CS 的光解外，多数S 的锐谱峰来自中性S原子经由3p3（2D0）4p，3p3（4S0）np（n＝6，7，8）←3p43pJ（J＝2，1,0）双光子跃迁产生的（2＋1）共振增强电离．     

CS2+离子 C2Σg+←B2Σu+跃迁的Franck-Condon因子计算以及与光解离谱的比较

将线性三原子分子离子CS2+的对称伸缩振动简化为SC和S之间的简谐振动, 用谐振子的势能曲线和波函数对CS2+分子离子 C2Σg+和 B2Σu+电子态(对称伸缩)振动能级间跃迁的Franck-Condon因子进行了计算, 得到的结果与 C2Σg+←B2Σu+跃迁的光解离谱实验强度进行了比较, 对前人给出的分子数据(转动常数、分子平衡核间距)进行了验证和分析, 讨论了经由 C2Σg+←B2Σu+电子态振动能级间跃迁的光解离机理.     

Insertion Reactions of Carbon Disulfide into Mg‐C and Mg‐N Bonds: Syntheses and Structural Determinations of Mg(S2CY)2(THF)n(Y=NEt2, NiPr2, iPr,Ph) and BrMg(S2CZ)(THF)3(Z=Ph,iPr)

The insertion reaction of CS₂ with Mg(NR₂)₂ (R= Et, ⁱPr), MgR′₂ (R′= Et, Ph) and R″MgBr (R″= ⁱPr, Ph) respectively lead solid products, Mg(S₂CNR₂)₂(THF)_n ( 1 : R= Et, n=2; 2 : R= ⁱPr, n=1), Mg(S₂C′R)₂(THF)₂ ( 3 : ′R= Et, 4 : ′R= Ph), BrMg(S₂C″R) (THF)₃ ( 5 : ″R= ⁱPr, 6 : ″R= Ph) in which the inserted carbon disulfides act as terminal chelating ligands. These compounds were characterized with ¹H, ¹³C NMR, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analyses, and X‐ray crystallography.     

一种新的磁共振图像处理流水线的设计与实现

磁共振图像的重建、后处理及可视化是磁共振成像（MRI）系统的重要组成部分.本文开发了一个新的用于磁共振图像重建、后处理及可视化的开源框架YAP（Yet Another Pipeline），利用此框架可以方便地构建图像处理流水线.与现有的一些其他开源框架相比，本文开发的框架具有如下特点：（1）采用基于接口的设计，可使用基于接口的插件对流水线的功能进行扩展；（2）允许用户使用编写脚本的方式构建图像处理流水线，编辑与修改流水线都很方便；（3）支持带有分支结构的流水线，便于流水线的构建与调试.目前，该框架已经在商用系统中获得了应用.     

Chitosan‐modified graphene oxide as a modifier for improving the structure and performance of forward osmosis membranes

Chitosan (CS) with good hydrophilicity and charged property was used to modify graphene oxide (GO), the obtained GO‐CS was used as a novel modifier to fabricate thin film composite forward osmosis (FO) membranes. The results revealed that the amino groups on CS reacted with carboxyl groups on GO, and the lamellar structure of the GO nanosheets was peeled off by CS, resulting in the reducing of their thicknesses. The GO‐CS improved the hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone (PES) substrate, and their contact angles decreased to 64° with the addition of GO‐CS in the substrate. GO‐CS also increased the porosity of the substrate and surface roughness of FO membrane, thereby optimizing the water flux and reverse salt flux of FO membrane. The average water flux of the FO membrane reached the optimal flux of 21.34 L/(m² h) when GO‐CS addition was 0.5 wt%, and further addition of GO‐CS to the substrate would decrease the water flux of FO membrane, and the reverse salt flux also decreased to the lowest value of 2.26 g/(m² h). However, the salt rejection of the membrane increased from 91.4% to 95.1% when GO‐CS addition increased from 0.5 to 1.0 wt% under FO mode using 1 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution as draw solution (DS). In addition, high osmotic pressure favored water permeation, and at the same concentration of DS, magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) exhibited better properties than NaCl. These results all suggested that GO‐CS was a good modifier to fabricate FO membrane, and MgCl₂ was a good DS candidate.     

关于主伪内射模

对于环R．一个右R模被叫做主伪内射模。若每一个从M的主子模到M的单同态可以扩张为M的自同态．主伪内射是主拟内射的推广．在本文中,我们给出了一些主伪内射的性质并讨论什么情况下主伪内射模是主拟内射模的问题．     

基于压缩感知及光学理论的图像信息加密

针对信息加密系统中信息安全性不理想的问题,提出一种基于压缩感知的光学图像信息加密方法.在发送端,自然图像经稀疏表示、随机投影实现图像信息加密;然后将降维后的观测值通过4F双随机相位编码光学系统进行二次加密并将其融入宿主图像,实现信息加密及隐藏.在接收端,图像信息经双随机相位编码技术解码,通过正交匹配追踪算法实现原始图像信息重构.该系统能有效降低数据传输量、减小随机相位板大小.且收发方只需按照规则生成密钥而不需传输密钥,保证了密钥的安全性.仿真结果表明:解密恢复图像质量理想,峰值信噪比为30.899 1dB,且系统能较好地抵抗裁剪、噪音污染、高通滤波、旋转等攻击,鲁棒性强,安全性高.     

Generalized Canonical Ward Identities

In the framework of Faddeev-Senjanovic (FS) path-integral quantization, CP ¹ nonlinear σ model coupled to Non-Abelian Chern-Simons (CS) fields is quantized. Generalized canonical Ward identities (WI) are deduced from the invariance of the canonical effective action under gauge transformations, which are obtained from the generators of gauge transformations, including all first-class constraints, in Dirac’s sense. The generalized canonical WI has brief form and is equivalent to canonical WI under gauge transformations in Dirac’s sense. This project is supported by Foundation of National Natural Science (10671086), Foundation of Shandong Natural Science (Y2007A01) and National Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures (CHJG200605).     

基于波前像差的视网膜空间像调制度测定

提出了一种计算复色光下人眼视网膜空间像调制度的方法.利用Hartmann-Shack波前传感器测量的波前像差数据，求得眼睛光学系统的调制传递函数；利用CSV-1000测试仪和VAF-1000视锐度测试仪分别测量同一只眼睛的全眼对比敏感度函数以及视锐度，由调制传递函数、对比敏感度函数以及视锐度之间的关联获得复色光下人眼视网膜空间像调制度曲线.结果表明：视网膜空间像调制度曲线与眼光学系统的调制传递函数无关，并且正常人眼（无视网膜疾病）的视网膜空间像调制度值相近.因此多眼的空间像调制度曲线的统计平均值可以作为标准，用来评判人眼视网膜及视神经疾病.