Comparative absorption kinetics of seven active ingredients of Eucommia ulmoides extracts by intestinal in situ circulatory perfusion in normal and spontaneous hypertensive rats

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (E. ulmoides) is a valuable and nourishing medicinal herb in China that has been used in the treatment of hypertension. Given the fact that most traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used to treat disease, investigating the pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicines in the pathological state is more useful than that in the normal state. However, the differences in the absorption kinetics of active ingredients of E. ulmoides extract between pathological and physiological conditions have not been reported. Therefore, in this study, the rat intestinal in situ circulatory perfusion model was used to investigate the differences in absorption kinetics of seven active ingredients of E. ulmoides extract in normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats, namely, genipinic acid, protocatechuic acid, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, (+)-pinoresinol di-O-β-D -glucopyranoside and (+)-pinoresinol 4′-O-β-D -glucopyranoside. Our results indicate that the pathological state of spontaneous hypertension may change the absorption of active components of E. ulmoides extracts, and these findings may provide a reference for improving the rational use of E. ulmoides in the clinic.     

土壤中酚的超声波提取

以合成土样为对象,研究了超声波辅助提取苯酚的条件及其提取效率。用中档超声波场辐射试样2×30s,30ml丙酮-正己烷(体积比1:1)分两次萃取10.0g合成土样中的苯酚,这时所获收率最高。在选定条件下用于实际土样分析,以索氏萃取4h的结果为对照基准,本方法的平均回收率为97.8％,RSD为1.5％。     

Production of carbon soot with a high content of C60 and C70 fullerenes by electric arc

The effect of the parameters of the electric arc (helium pressure, current and voltage, clearance between electrodes) and of the peculiarities of the setup design (arrangement of electrodes, distance between the arc and the cooling surface, temperature of the soot condensation surface) on the yield of fullerenes has been studied. Conditions for producing soot with a C₆₀ and C₇₀ content up to 43% (toluene extract) have been found.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 805–809, May, 1994.The authors are grateful to N. G. Spitsyna and A. V. Dubovitskii for the determination of the content of C₆₀ and C₇₀ fullerenes in the extract.The work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 93-03-18705).     

槲寄生蛋白注射液细胞毒活性测定的MTT方法探讨

采用MTT比色法对体外培养的肿瘤细胞进行细胞毒作用实验，验证槲寄生蛋白注射液体外抗肿瘤效果．并且鉴定这种检测方法的有效性。实验结果表明槲寄生蛋白注射液有一定的体外抗肿瘤效果；MTT比色法是一种可用的体外细胞毒作用检测法，为新药品的开发提供了实验依据。     

Photon interaction studies using 241Am γ-rays

We have carried out some photon interaction measurements using 59.54 keV γ-rays from a ²⁴¹Am source. These include γ attenuation studies as well as photoelectric absorption studies in various samples. The attenuation studies have been made using leaf and wood samples, samples like sand, sugar etc., which contain particles of varying sizes as well as pellets and aqueous solutions of rare earth compounds. In the case of the leaf and wood samples, we have used the γ-ray attenuation technique for the determination of the water content in fresh and dried samples. The variation of the attenuation coefficient with particle size has been investigated for sand and sugar samples. The attenuation studies as well as the photoelectric studies in the case of rare earth elements have been carried out on samples containing such elements whose K-absorption edge energies lie below and close to the γ-energy used. Suitable compounds of the rare earth elements have been chosen as mixture absorbers in these investigations. A narrow beam good geometry set-up was used for the attenuation measurements. A well-shielded scattering geometry was used for the photoelectric measurements. The mixture rule was invoked to extract the values of the mass attenuation coefficients for the elements from those of the corresponding compounds. The results are consistent with theoretical values derived from the XCOM package.     

高富勒烯的提取,分离和分析

采用二硫化碳重结晶富勒烯混合物或二硫化碳二次抽提烟灰以提取高富勒烯（ｈｉｇｈｅｒｆｕｌｅｒｅｎｅｓ，Ｃｎ，ｎ＞７０）。产物经高效液相色谱分析，高富勒烯的含量从１％分别提高到４％和６％；经激光飞行时间质谱证明，产物中除含主要成分Ｃ６０和Ｃ７０以外，还含有Ｃ７６、Ｃ７８、Ｃ８２、Ｃ８４以及更高碳原子的富勒烯。     

Adsorption separation of terpene lactones from Ginkgo biloba L. extract using glass fiber membranes modified with octadecyltrichlorosilane

In this study porous glass fiber membranes were modified by reaction with octadecyl-trichlorosilane to form C18 hydrophobic membranes. The contact angle and the CH2 vibration bands at 2855 and 2920 cm(-1) found by FTIR measurements verified the successful immobilization of C18 groups on the glass fiber membranes. The resulting C18 hydrophobic membranes were used to adsorb terpene lactones from crude Ginkgo biloba L. extracts. In batch adsorption processes, the modified C18 membranes exhibited a better adsorption performance than commercial C18 solid phase extraction adsorbents. Different desorption solvents were tested and ethyl acetate was found to preferentially desorb terpene lactones from the modified C18 membranes. In flow adsorption experiments at 1 mL/min, terpene lactone contents higher than 6 wt% (the standardized content) could be achieved in the elution step using ethyl acetate.     

Analysis of nitro-PAHs in diesel exhaust particulate extracts with multicolumn HPLC

Summary A method is described for the determination of nitrated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs), in particular 1-nitropyrene, in diesel particulate extracts. The method employs a multidimensional HPLC (column switching) technique with final on-line peak identification by UV-VIS spectral comparison with standards. To achieve exceptional chromatographic selectivity for nitro-PAHs, a new pyrene butyric acid amide phase has been prepared which is capable of forming donor-acceptor complexes with them. With this technique it is possible to confirm the presence of 1-nitropyrene in the range 3–100 ng/mg on filter-collected diesel soot. Its utility was demonstrated with diesel exhaust extracts spiked with varying levels of 1-nitropyrene and proved to be highly selective.Parts of this work have been presented at the 15th International Symposium on Chromatography, Nürnberg, October 1984.Dedicated to Prof. J. F. K. Huber at the occasion of his 60th birthday.     

青海柴达木地区植物白刺叶中微量元素特征

青海柴达木地区分布有丰富的白刺植物资源。利用220FS原子吸收光谱仪分析了该地区三种白刺叶片的Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Cr,Ni,Cd等微量元素。结果表明，铬、 锰含量显著提高是青海柴达木地区植物白刺叶资源微量元素特征。这为柴达木地区白刺叶资源的开发利用提供科学依据。     

用超临界气体抽提方法研究抚顺烟煤的组成和结构——Ⅰ.抽出物的分离及GC、GC/MS分析

将抚顺烟煤用甲苯作溶剂,在半连续抽提装置上,于350℃、20MPa条件下,进行超临界气体抽提。抽出物先分离成油、沥青烯及前沥青烯三个族组份,再用离子交换树脂、硅胶柱色谱作进一步分离。GC和GC/MS的分析结果表明,油段分中存在正构烷烃(C_(13)—C_(31))、类异戊二烯化合物及长链烷基苯系列,这些化合物可提供抚顺烟煤的地球化学信息。