A Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Some Imidazoline Derivatives by 2,6-Dichlorophenol-Indophenol

Abstract

A new and highly sensitive method is presented for the spectrophotometric determination of four imidazoline derivatives: antazoline hydrochloride, tolazoline hydrochloride, xylometazoline hydrochloride and naphazoline nitrate. The method is based on the reaction of the corresponding drug base with 2,6 - dichlorophenol -indophenol (DGPIP) in chloroform to give a blue chromogen exhibiting a maximum at 588 - 603nm. The method could be applied for the quantitative determination of the above drugs either pure or in their pharmaceutical preparations (tablets and nasal drops). The results obtained are accurate and have good reproducibility.     

NMR Spectrometric Analysis of Antazoline

An analytical method is described for the analysis of antazoline [2-(N-benzylanilinomethyl) imidazoline] using pmr. The procedure provides good quantitative results together with a very specific mean for identification of antazoline     

Atomic Emission Spectrometric Determination of Antazoline,Hydralazine, Amiloride,Thiamine and Quinine Based on Formation of Ion Associates with Ammonium Reineckate.

Abstract

Ion-associate complexes of Antazoline HC1 (I), Hydralazine HC1 (II), Amiloride HC1 (III), Thiamine HC1 (IV) and Quinine sulphate (V) with ammonium reineckate were precipitated and their solubilities were studied as a function of pH, ionic strength and temperature. Saturated solutions of each ion-associate under the optimum precipitation conditions were prepared and the metal ion-content in the supernatent was determined. The solubility products were thus elucidated at different temperatures. A new accurate and precise method using direct coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the investigated drugs in pure solutions and in pharmaceutical preparations is described. The drugs can be determined by the present method in the ranges 0.3-3.0, 0.19-1.96, 0.3-3.0, 0.33-3.37 and 0.78-7.82 mg/25 ml solutions of I, II, III, IV and V, respectively.     

Net analyte signal-based simultaneous determination of antazoline and naphazoline using wavelength region selection by experimental design-neural networks

Net analyte signal (NAS)-based multivariate calibration methods were employed for simultaneous determination of anthazoline and naphazoline. The NAS vectors calculated from the absorbance data of the drugs mixture were used as input for classical least squares (CLS), principal component and partial least squares regression PCR and PLS methods. A wavelength selection strategy was used to find the best wavelength region for each drug separately. As a new procedure, we proposed an experimental design-neural network strategy for wavelength region optimization. By use of a full factorial design method, some different wavelength regions were selected by taking into account different spectral parameters including the starting wavelength, the ending wavelength and the wavelength interval. The performance of all the multivariate calibration methods, in all selected wavelength regions for both drugs, was evaluated by calculating a fitness function based on the root mean square error of calibration and validation. A three-layered feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) model with back-propagation learning algorithm was employed to model the nonlinear relationship between the spectral parameters and fitness of each regression method. From the resulted ANN models, the spectral regions in which lowest fitness could be obtained were chosen. Comparison of the results revealed that the net NAS-PLS resulted in lower prediction error than the other models. The proposed NAS-based calibration method was successfully applied to the simultaneous analyses of anthazoline and naphazoline in a commercial eye drop sample.     

The thermodynamic dissociation constants of ambroxol, antazoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline and ranitidine by the regression analysis of spectrophotometric data

The mixed dissociation constants of five drug acids—ambroxol, antazoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline and ranitidine—at various ionic strengths I of range 0.01 and 1.0 and at temperatures of 25 and 37 °C were determined using SQUAD(84) regression analysis of the pH-spectrophotometric titration data. A proposed strategy of efficient experimentation in a protonation constants determination, followed by a computational strategy for the chemical model with a protonation constants determination, is presented on the protonation equilibria of ambroxol. The thermodynamic dissociation constant pK_a^T was estimated by non-linear regression of {pK_a, I} data at 25 and 37 °C: for ambroxol and 8.25 (4), log  and 11.83 (8), for antazoline and 7.83 (6), and 9.55 (2), for naphazoline and 10.63 (1), for oxymethazoline and 10.77 (7), pK_a,2^T=12.03(3) and 11.82 (4) and for ranitidine and 1.77 (1). Goodness-of-fit tests for various regression diagnostics enabled the reliability of the parameter estimates to be found.