Direct Addition of Amides to Glycals Enabled by Solvation‐Insusceptible 2‐Haloazolium Salt Catalysis

The direct 2‐deoxyglycosylation of nucleophiles with glycals leads to biologically and pharmacologically important 2‐deoxysugar compounds. Although the direct addition of hydroxyl and sulfonamide groups have been well developed, the direct 2‐deoxyglycosylation of amide groups has not been reported to date. Herein, we show the first direct 2‐deoxyglycosylation of amide groups using a newly designed Brønsted acid catalyst under mild conditions. Through mechanistic investigations, we discovered that the amide group can inhibit acid catalysts, and the inhibition has made the 2‐deoxyglycosylation reaction difficult. Diffusion‐ordered two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy analysis implied that the 2‐chloroazolium salt catalyst was less likely to form aggregates with amides in comparison to other acid catalysts. The chlorine atom and the extended π‐scaffold of the catalyst played a crucial role for this phenomenon. This relative insusceptibility to inhibition by amides is more responsible for the catalytic activity than the strength of the acidity.     

Double Michael Additions of Lithium Enolate of 1,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-One to Acrylates

Double Michael additions of lithium enolaie of 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-one to four acrylates afforded bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-ones with high regio- and stereoselectivities in moderate yields.     

Schwinger boson mapping of SO(8) fermion model

The Schwinger representation of the SO(8) fermion pair algebra in terms ofd and quasispin vector (u, s, v) bosons is used in deriving a microscopic boson coherent state having both particle-hole and pair excitations. The coherent state is the exact boson image of the HFB variational solution. We can study the shape phase transition and pairing behaviour of the nuclear ground states using the coherent states.     

Spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model on a 4–8 lattice

The spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model on a 4–8 lattice with six different coupling constants and two different magnetic moments is studied. A formula for the spontaneous magnetization is proposed. The result agrees with the exact low-temperature series expansions up to the 12th order.     

识别过渡金属离子的1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺多胺衍生物荧光传感器的研究

设计合成了用以检测过渡金属离子的荧光化学敏感器体系,它们是由1,8-萘二酰亚胺为荧光团,多胺衍生物为金属离子受体组成．在室温下对其光物理性质的研究中发现,在没有加入过渡金属离子时,由于体系内存在有效的光诱导电子转移过程使得荧光团的荧光被淬灭．加入过渡金属离子后,金属离子受体中的氮原子和过渡金属离子之间的配位作用阻断了光诱导电子转移过程,体系的荧光增强．不同的金属离子受体表现出了和过渡金属离子不同的配位识别能力,并且通过荧光的变化传递出受体-金属离子作用的信息．     

The Calibrating Theory in the Network Parameters Measurement of Microwave and MMW Devices

The paper introduces a special system calibration technology in s-parameters measurement of microwave and millimeter wave devices. The 8-term errors module is built by analyzing the signals flowing in the measurement system. Then the calibration technology using non-standard kits is designed on the base. Finally, the experiment using the calibration technology is introduced.     

用于白光LED的高亮度蓝白色荧光粉Ca2SiO3Cl2：Eu2+的发光性质

采用固相法在较低温度下合成了Eu²⁺激活的Ca₂SiO₃Cl₂高亮度蓝白色发光材料,并对其发光性质进行了研究。其发射光谱由两个谱带组成,峰值分别位于420,498nm处,归结为Ca₂SiO₃Cl₂晶体中占据两种不同Ca²⁺格位的Eu²⁺离子的5d→4f跃迁发射。改变Eu²⁺浓度,可以使样品的发光在蓝白色和绿白色之间变化。当Eu²⁺浓度为0.005mol^-1时,样品呈现很亮的蓝白色发光。两个发射峰的激发光谱均分布在250~410nm的波长范围内,峰值分别位于333,369nm处。Ca₂SiO₃Cl₂:Eu²⁺可被InGaN管芯产生的近紫外辐射有效激发,是一种性能良好的白光LED用单一基质蓝白色荧光粉。     

Stochastic signal analysis: Numerical representation and applications to system theory

Alternative procedures for representing a stochastic signal as a denumerable series with uncorrelated terms are developed. The study includes considerations about parametric rescaling and its repercussions on the orthogonal expansion, as well as numerical techniques for approaching such an expansion. In addition, applications to the Gaussian characterization of stochastic signals, filtering and stochastic modelling are treated.