双罐式气泵供液制冷系统性能的实验研究

双罐式气泵供液制冷系统作为气泵供液的一种,运用高压气体或液体的压力输送制冷剂到蒸发器。该实验通过控制供液气压来调节再循环蒸发器的供液量,调节制冷系统中的循环倍率,在供液气压升高而导致循环倍率增大的同时,蒸发器的传热量会升高到最大值。通过技术参数的收集整理,分析比较不同工况下的制冷性能、压缩机性能和传热性能等特性,作为双罐式气泵供液制冷系统工程应用的理论依据。实验表明,不同范围的供液压头,对传热性能的主要影响因素不同,蒸发器制冷量在供液压头升高到一定值后不再增加,系统COP也将下降。     

一种新型铂电阻温度计及其性能研究

中国计量科学研究院同云南仪表厂合作研制一种新型的套管铂电阻温度计，并对其作为较为详细的实验研究，研究结果如下：在水三相点，温度计的稳定性优于±０．３ｍＫ，在一周之内，复现性优于±０．１ｍＫ，１ｍＡ测量电流下自热不超过１ｍＫ，温度计在４．２Ｋ温度下的电阻比Ｗ小于５．９×１０＾－４，其标准偏差的绝对值不大于３×１０＾－８；而非一致性在８３Ｋ以上稍大，而在１７Ｋ－８３Ｋ间小于０．４ｍＫ，在其余温度范围均     

Ti_(1-x)(Hf_(0·919)Zr_(0·08))_xNiSn的制备及热电性能

采用固相反应法合成了单相的Ti_(1-x)(Hf_(0·919)Zr_(0·08))_xNiSn(x=0·00—0·15),并用放电等离子烧结方法制备出密实块体材料.研究了Hf和Zr同时在Ti位上的等电子合金化对Ti基半Heusler化合物热电性能的影响规律.结果表明:少量的Hf和微量的Zr在Ti位上的等电子合金化,显著地降低了体系的热导率κ,同时显著地提高了体系的Seebeck系数α.组成为Ti_(1-x)(Hf_(0·919)Zr_(0·08))_(0.15)NiSn的试样室温热导率为3·72W·m-1K-1,在700K时ZT值达到最大为0·56.与三元TiNiSn相比,在相同温度下ZT值的提高率为190%—310%.     

High index of refraction via quantum interference in a three-level system of Er^3＋-doped yttrium aluminium garnet crystal

A simple three-level system is proposed to produce high index of refraction with zero absorption in an Er^3＋-doped yttrium aluminium garnet （YAG） crystal, which is achieved for a probe field between the excited state 4I13/2 and ground state 4I15/2 by adjusting a strong coherent driving field between the upper excited state 4I11/2 and 4I15/2. It is found that the changes of the frequency of the coherent driving field and the concentration of Er^3＋ ions in the YAG crystal can maximize the index of refraction accompanied by vanishing absorption. This result could be useful for the dispersion compensation in fibre communication, laser particle acceleration, high precision magnetometry and so on.     

超轻多孔金属的进展与物理学

简述了超轻多孔金属的结构、性能,研究从材料范畴发展为物理学范畴.发展的新趋势为,将国家高技术目标需求与科学前沿相结合,将认识与实践相结合.     

镍氧化物纳米管可提高锂离子电池的电化学性能

澳大利亚伍伦贡大学（University of Wollongong）的几位研究者通过模板程序合成了单一取向、排列整齐的镍氧化物（NiO）纳米管束，并用于锂离子电池，从而提高了其电化学性能。     

光压效应及其应用

 一、光压效应光的本质是电磁波,电磁波不仅具有能量,而且具有动量。设光子速度为c,频率为v,波长为λ,则光子的能量和动量分别为:E=hv.     

不可逆热电制冷循环的性能优化准则

考虑了热电制冷循环中热阻、热漏和焦耳热等主要不可逆性，引入了特征参量功率消耗比r，借助装置设计参量X表征了内、外不可逆性，利用有限时间热力学建立了制冷功率、制冷系数与特征参量之间的基本优化关系，导出了协调制冷功率与制冷系数的参量r、X以及电流I的优化准则。     

Advances in micro-perforated panel absorbers

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of micro-perforated -panel absorbers are reviewed in this paper. By reviewing recent research work, this paper reveals a relationship between the maximum absorption coefficient and the limit of the absorption frequency bandwidth. It has been demonstrated that the absorption frequency bandwidth can be extended up to 3 or 4 octaves as the diameters of the micro-holes decrease. This has become possible with the development of the technologies for manufacturing micro-perforated panels, such as laser drilling, powder metallurgy, welded meshing and electro-etching to form micrometer order holes. In this paper, absorption characteristics of such absorbers in random fields and in high sound intensity are discussed both theoretically and experimentally. A new absorbing structure based on micro-perforated-panel absorbers demonstrate experimentally high sound absorption capability. This review shows that the micro-perforated-panel absorber has potentials to be one of ideal absorbing materials in the 21st century.