Studies on the Molecular Chain Conformation Stability of Aminated Konjac Glucomannan

Konjac glucomannan （KGM） was aminated by 2-chloroethyl-amine （CEA） as reagent so as to study the influence of concentration of CEA （based on the amount of KGM）, concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature on the extent of amination. And the molecular simulation technology was adopted to analyze the conformation stability of aminate （AKGM）. The results indicate that when the amount of CEA is higher, the extent of amination is higher. The optimum concentration of NaOH, reaction time and temperature are 10% NaOH, 70 ℃ and 45 rain, respectively. IR shows KGM is successfully aminated. The conformation of AKGM is in a random clew-like shape.     

H_6P_2W_（18）O_（62）á18H_2O： A green and reusable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyrans in water

A convenient,effcient and environmentally benign procedure has been developed for the synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyran derivatives via a one-pot,three-component reaction of 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one,aldehydes and malononitrile in water using H6P2W18O62á18H2O as catalyst.Reusability of the catalyst and reaction media,short reaction times and easy isolation of products are some added advantages of the present methodology.     

Distereoselective one-pot synthesis of pyrimidopyrimidines using sulfated tin oxide as a reusable catalyst： An extension of Biginelli-type reaction

The Biginelli-type compounds 4,5,8a-triarylhexahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7（1H,3H）-diones were synthesized by a one-pot three-component reaction using sulfated tin oxide as a reusable catalyst. This method has the advantages of high yields, short reaction time, simple starting materials and reusability of catalyst for several times.     

多元醇法合成具有不同长径比的棒状LiFePO_4/C材料(英文)

以三价铁盐为铁源,采用多元醇还原法在低温下制备出了具有不同长径比的棒状LiFePO4材料.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、循环伏安(CV)、交流阻抗谱(EIS)和恒电流充放电测试等手段分析了不同回流反应时间下制备出的前驱体和最终的LiFePO4/C样品.结果表明:回流反应时间对LiFePO4的形貌和特性有明显的影响.通过把回流反应时间从4 h延长至16 h,材料的形貌由不规则的短棒状颗粒变为规则的长棒状颗粒,且棒的直径明显变小.当回流反应时间为10 h时,样品复合了多种形貌,有利于电子的传输,在低倍率下具有优秀的性能,0.1C放电比容量为163 mAh g-1;当回流反应时间为16 h时,样品具有最大的长径比,有利于锂离子的扩散,在高倍率下具有良好的性能,1C、3C、5C、10C、20C倍率下放电比容量分别为135、125、118、110、98 mAh g-1,循环性能良好,几乎无衰减.     

Ceric ammonium nitrate supported HY-zeolite：An efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1, 8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes

Ceric ammonium nitrate （CAN） supported HY-zeolite has been used as an efficient catalyst for the one- pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes from the readily available 1,3-diketone and aromatic aldehydes under solvent-free conditions. The present methodology is cost-effective in addition to other advantages like high yields of products in shorter reaction time and simple workup procedure without the use of any injurious solvents.     

杀菌剂烯唑醇中间体烯酮合成工艺

选用氯甲特丁酮和1，2，4—三唑及2，4—二氯苯甲醛通过两步反应，生成烯酮，用乙酸乙酯为溶剂，采用水洗后，脱酯所得到的唑酮纯度高，产率在90％以上；选用2ml有机碱催化剂和反应时间15h得出烯酮产率最高。     

基于反应时间的中间视觉道路照明功率密度分析及显色性能研究

给出了一种在人眼中间视觉条件下道路照明光源安全节能性能分析的研究方法.通过构建基于中间视觉行车行为反应时间模拟测试系统,建立了人眼中间视觉条件下的光视光效模型,获得了中间视觉下的光视光效曲线.并通过该模型,给出了基于照明功率密度LPD的光源节能性评价方法.从色度学理论出发,选用Luv均匀颜色空间,基于显色指数的光源显色性评价分析计算方法,探讨了不同主波长光源的相对光谱功率分布变化对光源颜色的影响,建立了光源主波长与显色指数的函数关系表达式,可计算获得人眼敏感度与光源颜色各个波长点的关系.对上述方法进行了反应时间模拟测试实验和道路照明图像清晰度计算实验验证,数据分析与计算结果表明,在中间视觉条件下,以540～ 550 nm为主波长的白绿色照明光源的功率密度和显色性最佳.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 10-（3,4-Dichlorophenymethylidyne）-9,10-dihydrofluorene

A novel compound of 10-(3,4-dichlorophenymethylidyne)-9,10-dihydrofluorene (C20H12Cl2, Mr = 323.20) was synthesized via Knoevenagel reaction under microwave irradiation (500 w) within short reaction time (8 min), giving a high yield of product (87%). Its structure was determined by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The crystal of the new compound is of monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 12.8781(13), b = 16.5067(16), c = 7.4656(7), β = 103.567(2)o, V = 1542.7(3)3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.392 g/cm3, μ = 0.413 mm-1, F(000) = 664, R = 0.0569 and wR = 0.1342 for 3355 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The crystal structure involves a conjugated system which shows an olefin structure.     

营造·感悟·探究·应用

笔者有幸观摩了一堂第七届全国中学物理青年教师教学大赛录像课--由天津市南开中学贾双老师执教的"自由落体运动",感受颇多.这是一堂在新课程理念下有意义、有效率、有生成性且非常精彩的课.现重现最精彩的教学片段.     

St?ber法制备二氧化硅薄膜反应动力学

通过研究正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)水解的反应动力学,推导出Stber法制备二氧化硅溶胶体系中反应时间与TEOS转化率关系的动力学公式。分析确定了合适的转化率,进而用于计算二氧化硅溶胶的理论最佳反应时间。同时,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,采用溶胶凝胶法在氨水催化作用下制备了不同配比的二氧化硅溶胶,考察了氨和水的浓度对反应时间的影响,结果表明,两者浓度增大可以有效减少反应时间。通过成膜性检测确定制备过程中的最佳反应时间,并与理论计算得到的最佳反应时间进行比较,结果表明,两者一致,误差控制在5%以内,说明该动力学公式具有很好的适用性。 2012-06-01;修订日期: