覆盖作物在农田耕作中的应用研究

耕地是农业生产过程中最基本最活跃的要素之一.在长期的农田耕作中,由于风沙的侵袭、雨水的冲刷和不合理的耕作方式等的影响,耕地的生产能力已经受到严重的影响.而耕地覆盖作物就可以很好的解决这个问题,本文从覆盖作物对耕地生产的持续性、土壤保全效果、水质保全效果、豆科覆盖作物的氮供给、地力的积累、生物相的影响及杂草防除效果等方面进行了总结分析.     

THE RESPONSE OF A DYNAMIC VIBRATION ABSORBER SYSTEM WITH A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED PENDULUM

The vibration response of a spring-mass-damper system with a parametrically excited pendulum hinged to the mass is investigated using the harmonic balance method. The approximate results are found to be fairly consistent with those obtained by the numerical calculation. The vibrating regions of the pendulum system are obtained which are similar to those given by Mathieu's equation. Based on the analysis of three parameters in the response equation, the characteristics of response of the system are clarified. The stabilities of the harmonic solutions are analyzed, and finally our proposed approximation is verified compared with the numerical results.     

Photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer reactions in fullerene—phenothiazine linked compounds: effects of magnetic field and spacer chain length

Spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of two fullerene(C₆₀)-phenothiazine(PH) linked compounds with different spacer chain length have been compared in benzonitrile (polar solvent) and in benzene (non-polar solvent). Transient absorption and fluorescence spectra indicated that photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer occurred in benzonitrile, but not in benzene. The results are due to solvent effect on energy levels of the photogenerated biradical. The driving forces for the electron transfer were determined by measuring the redox potentials of the C₆₀ and PH moieties. Thermodynamic parameters for the electron transfer processes were evaluated and compared. In benzonitrile, the lifetime of the photo-generated biradical was very long, in spite of being around the top region in Marcus theory. The decay rate of the biradicals was retarded in the presence of magnetic fields. The decay rate constant decreased quickly with increasing the magnetic field and became constant above about 0.2 T. The magnetic field effects verified that the triplet biradical was generated by the intramolecular electron transfer from PH to the triplet excited state of C₆₀. The long lifetime is most probably ascribed to the spin multiplicities of the biradical.