Direct numerical simulation of settling of a large solid particle during bioconvection

Settling of a large solid particle in bioconvection flow caused by gyrotactic microorganisms is investigated. The particle is released from the top of the bioconvection chamber; its settling pattern depends on whether it is released in the centre of the bioconvection plume or at its periphery. The Chimera method is utilized; a subgrid is generated around a moving particle. The method suggested by Liu and Wang (Comput. Fluid 2004; 33 :223–255) is further developed to account for the presence of a moving boundary in the streamfunction‐vorticity formulation using the finite‐difference method. A number of cases for different release positions of the particle are computed. It is demonstrated that bioconvection can either accelerate or decelerate settling of the particle depending on the initial position of the particle relative to the plume centre. It is also shown that the particle impacts bioconvection plume by changing its shape and location in the chamber. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and characterization of white‐light‐emitting polyfluorenes containing orange phosphorescent moieties in the side chain

Two orange phosphorescent iridium complex monomers, 9‐hexyl‐9‐(iridium (III)bis(2‐(4′‐fluorophenyl)‐4‐phenylquinoline‐N,C^2′)(tetradecanedionate‐11,13))‐2,7‐dibromofluorene (Br‐PIr) and 9‐hexyl‐9‐(iridium(III)bis(2‐(4′‐fluorophenyl)‐4‐methylquinoline‐N,C^2′)(tetradecanedionate‐11,13))‐2,7‐dibromofluorene (Br‐MIr), were successfully synthesized. The Suzuki polycondensation of 2,7‐bis(trimethylene boronate)‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene with 2,7‐dibromo‐9,9‐dioctylfluorene and Br‐PIr or Br‐MIr afforded two series of copolymers, PIrPFs and MIrPFs, in good yields, in which the concentrations of the phosphorescent moieties were kept small (0.5–3 mol % feed ratio) to realize incomplete energy transfer. The photoluminescence (PL) of the copolymers showed blue‐ and orange‐emission peaks. A white‐light‐emitting diode with a configuration of indium tin oxide/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/PIr05PF (0.5 mol % feed ratio of Br‐PIr)/Ca/Al exhibited a luminous efficiency of 4.49 cd/A and a power efficiency of 2.35 lm/W at 6.0 V with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.46, 0.33). The CIE coordinates were improved to (0.34, 0.33) when copolymer MIr10PF (1.0 mol % feed ratio of Br‐MIr) was employed as the white‐emissive layer. The strong orange emission in the electroluminescence spectra in comparison with PL for these kinds of polymers was attributed to the additional contribution of charge trapping in the phosphorescent dopants. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JPolym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1746–1757, 2007     

Crystal structure and morphology of phenyl‐capped tetraaniline in the leucoemeraldine oxidation state

A series of crystals of phenyl‐capped tetraaniline in the leucoemeraldine oxidation state were obtained at different isothermal temperatures and were observed directly under transmission electron microscope. The crystals obtained at higher temperatures exhibit more perfect structures than those obtained at lower temperatures. Both the lamella thickness and the crystal size increase with crystallization temperature. The tetraaniline is apt to form larger scale crystals under lower degree of supercooling. However, their crystal structures keep steady with the crystallization temperature. The tetramer was found to adopt a monoclinic lattice with unit cell parameter of a = 13.93 Å, b = 8.82 Å, c = 23.20 Å, and β = 95.03°, as determined using electron diffraction tilting method combined with wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction experiment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 764–769, 2006     

USB总线在自动测试中的应用

提出自动测试（或虚拟仪器）的接口技术应跟随通用计算机接口技术与标准的原则，即在自动测试系统中采用通用串行总线（USB）接口是发展的方向．具体论述了USB的基本特性和用于自动测试系统中的开发方法与应用前景．     

隧道火灾探测与报警系统的研究

介绍并对比了几种火灾探测传感器，分析了隧道火灾的成因及其特点、给出了熔缆的应用数学模型。论述了熔缆及其特性，具体研究了以熔缆为传感器的火灾探测报警系统，介绍了其硬件及软件的结构。关键词：     

不同方法测定西洋参总皂甙含量的比较研究

不同方法测定西洋参总皂甙含量的比较研究宋晓凯＊刘谦光耿征陈战国（陕西师范大学化学系，西安７１００６２；第一作者，男，３８岁，讲师）西洋参中人参皂甙是其主要的生物活性物质，是衡量西洋参质量的重要指标．目前，国内报道的方法有薄层层析－光度法［１，２］，薄...     

地质样品中微量锑的树脂相分光光度法测定研究

地质样品中微量锑的树脂相分光光度法测定研究马美玲１杨胜科１耿征２（１西安地质学院应用化学系，西安７１００５４；２陕西师范大学化学系，西安７１００６２；第一作者，女，３４岁，讲师）树脂相分光光度法近年来已有文献报道［１，２］，利用显色树脂相测定，使分离...     

工程深基坑土钉支护设计与施工

通过广州市某工程的基坑支护实例,介绍了采用土钉支护基坑的设计与施工的要点及注意事项。该基坑支护方法实用经济有效。